Lihat sumber Butana

{{chembox
| verifiedrevid = 408554574
| Name = ''n''-Butana
| ImageFileL1 = Butane-2D-Skeletal.svg
| ImageSizeL1 = 120px
| ImageNameL1 = skeletal structure of the butane molecule
| ImageFileR1 = Butane-2D-flat.png
| ImageSizeR1 = 120px
| ImageNameR1 = displayed structure of the butane molecule
| ImageFileL2 = Butane-3D-balls.png
| ImageSizeL2 = 120px
| ImageNameL2 = ball-and-stick model of the butane molecule
| ImageFileR2 = Butane-3D-space-filling.png
| ImageSizeR2 = 120px
| ImageNameR2 = space-filling model of the butane molecule
| PIN = butane
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| SMILES = CCCC
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 134702
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 6LV4FOR43R
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D03186
| InChI = 1/C4H10/c1-3-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3
| InChIKey = IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYAE
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C4H10/c1-3-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 106-97-8
| PubChem = 7843
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 37808
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 7555
 }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|C=4|H=10
| Appearance = Gas tidak berwarna
| Density = 2.48 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, gas (15 °C, 1 [[Atmosfer (unit)|atm]])<br />600 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, cairan (0 °C, 1 [[Atmosfer (unit)|atm]])
| Solubility = 6.1 mg/100 ml (20 °C)
| MeltingPt = −138.4 °C (135.4 K)
| BoilingPt = −0.5 °C (272.6 K)
 }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| EUClass = Mudah terbakar ('''F+''')
| NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-F = 4
| NFPA-R =
| FlashPt = −60 °C
| Autoignition = 500 °C
| ExploLimits = 1.8 – 8.4% <ref> [http://www.chemadvisor.com/Matheson/database/msds/MAT15370000800003.PDF MSDS Butane] </ref>
 }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| DisFunctional SEX = [[alkana]]
| OtherFunctn = [[Propana]]; [[Pentana]]
| OtherCpds = [[Isobutana]]; [[Siklobutana]]
 }}
}}

'''Butana''', juga disebut '''''n''-butana''', adalah [[alkana]] rantai lurus dengan empat [[atom]] [[karbon]] CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>. Butana juga digunakan sebagai istilah kolektif untuk n-butana dan satu-satunya [[isomer]]nya, [[isobutana]] (disebut juga metilpropana), CH(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>. Butana sangat mudah terbakar, tidak berwarna, dan merupakan [[gas]] yang mudah [[likuifikasi|dicairkan]]. Nama butana diturunkan dari nama [[asam butirat]].

== Isomer ==

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
|bgcolor="#ddeeff" |Nama umum
|'''normal butana'''<br />'''butana tak bercabang'''<br />'''''n''-butana'''
|'''[[isobutana]]'''<br />'''''i''-butana'''
|-
| bgcolor="#ddeeff" |Nama IUPAC
|'''butana'''
|'''metil propana'''
|-
|bgcolor="#ddeeff" |Gambar<br />molekul
|[[Image:Butan_Lewis.svg|150px]]
|[[Image:Isobutane.png|120px]]
|-
|bgcolor="#ddeeff" |Diagram<br />kerangka
|[[Image:Butane_simple.svg|120px]]
|[[Image:I-Butane-2D-Skeletal.svg|100px]]
|}

==Reaksi==

Ketika oksigen tersedia dalam jumlah yang melimpah, maka butana akan terbakar dan membentuk [[karbon dioksida]] dan uap air. Sedangkan, apabila oksigen jumlahnya terbatas, maka akan terbentuk [[karbon monoksida]].
: 2 C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub> + 13 O<sub>2</sub> → 8 CO<sub>2</sub> + 10 H<sub>2</sub>O

''n''-Butana juga dipakai sebagai bahan baku dalam proses katalis [[DuPont]] untuk membentuk [[maleat anhidrat]]:
:2 CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub> + 7 O<sub>2</sub> → 2 C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>(CO)<sub>2</sub>O + 8 H<sub>2</sub>O

==Referensi==
{{reflist}}

== Pranala luar ==

* {{en}} [http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc02/icsc0232.htm International Chemical Safety Card 0232]
* {{en}} [http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0068.html NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards]
* {{en}} [http://www.it.swin.edu.au/personal/fwang/Mom/Mom_butane.html ''n''-Butane] Molecule of the Month
* {{en}} [http://www.compchemwiki.org/index.php?title=Butane Computational Chemistry Wiki]

{{portalkimia}}
{{alkana}}
{{senyawa-stub}}

[[Kategori:Alkana]]
[[Kategori:Bahan bakar]]
[[Kategori:Refrigeran]]