Lihat sumber Kartu Octopus

[[Berkas:OctopusFrontNew.jpg|thumb|250px|Sisi depan kartu standar untuk penumpang dewasa.]]

'''Kartu Octopus''' adalah sebuah [[kartu pintar]] tanpa-sentuh isi ulang yang digunakan untuk melakukan pembayaran elektronik dalam sistem ''online'' atau ''offline'' di [[Hong Kong]]. Awalnya diluncurkan pada September 1997 untuk mengumpulkan biaya pembayaran [[sistem angkutan massal]] kota tersebut, sistem kartu Octopus telah berkembang menjadi sistem pembayaran yang digunakan secara luas tak hanya untuk [[transportasi di Hong Kong]] tetapi juga untuk pembayaran di [[toko kelontong]], [[supermarket]], [[restoran siap saji]], [[meteran parkir]], [[tempat parkir]], dan tempat lainnya seperti [[pom bensin]] dan [[mesin penjual]]. Bahkan beberapa organisasi sosial menerima sumbangan melalui kartu ini. Cara melakukan pembayaran dengan kartu ini yaitu meletakkan kartu di dekat pembaca kartu dan sebuah bunyi akan memastikan bahwa pembayaran telah diterima. Kartu dapat diisi ulang di mesin isi-ulang di ''subway'' dan stasiun kereta, di toko seperti [[7-Eleven]], [[Wellcome]], dan [[Circle K]], atau melalui [[kartu kredit]] dan [[rekening bank]].

Octopus telah menjadi sistem pembayaran elektronik paling sukses sedunia, dengan sekitar 14 juta kartu Octopus dalam sirkulasi (dua kali populasi Hong Kong), 10 juta transaksi per hari, 420 pedagang, dan 50.000 prosesor <ref>[http://www.octopuscards.com/corporate/why/statistics/en/index.jsp Statistik resmi Octopus]</ref>. Pengoperasi kartu Octopus ini adalah [[Octopus Cards Limited]], sebuah kerja sama antara [[MTR Corporation]] dan penyedia transportasi lainnya di Hong Kong seperti [[KCR]], [[KMB]], dan [[Citybus (Hong Kong)|Citybus]]. Anak perusahaan Octopus, [[Octopus Knowledge Limited]], telah memenangi kontrak sistem seperti Octopus ke [[Belanda]].

== Lihat pula ==
{{commons|Octopus card}}
* [[Mondex]], [[Visa Cash]] dan [[Mon€o]]
* [[Kartu Oyster]]
* [[Transportasi di Hong Kong]]
* [[Uang elektronik]]

== Referensi ==
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'''Koran'''
*''Octopus wins on cash card usage; MasterCard, Visa give up on Hong Kong Market'', ''[[Hong Kong iMail]]'', [[1 February]] [[2002]].
*''[http://www.southcn.com/news/dishi/shenzhen/ttxw/200501190142.htm Connecting fare systems in Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Hong Kong]''. ''[[Nanfang Daily]]'', [[19 January]] [[2005]]. (News report in Chinese). Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].
*''[http://www.hkcd.com.hk/20031108/ca618359.htm Extending Octopus to Shenzhen]''. ''[[Hong Kong Commercial Daily]]'', [[8 November]] [[2003]]. (News report in Chinese). Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].
*''[http://www.siliconvalley.com/mld/siliconvalley/4594409.htm Cash cards rule, change is passé in Hong Kong]''. Dan Gillmor, Mercury News, [[24 November]] [[2002]].

'''Penelitian'''
*''[http://www.code.auckland.ac.nz/e-comWorkshop/work%5CAn%20arms%20length%20evaluation%20of%20Octopus.pdf An Arms Length Evaluation of Octopus]''. By John Paynter and Patrick Law, [[University of Auckland]] working paper.
*''[http://www.sociology.ed.ac.uk/finance/Papers/Siu_Octopus.pdf Working paper. Octopus and Mondex - the Social Shaping of Money]''. Lucia Siu, [[University of Edinburgh]] working paper. April 2002.
* [http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/External/lac/lac.nsf/Sectors/Transport/0D8952C28A2975AE852568B20079C904?OpenDocument The Octopus System - The Hong Kong Mass Transit System]. [[World Bank]] presentation from [[MTR]]. Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].
* [http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/External/lac/lac.nsf/Sectors/Transport/D5A576A039A802C0852568B2007988AD?OpenDocument Hong Kong Smart Card System]. [[World Bank]] presentation. Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].

'''Dari homepage kartu Octopus'''
* [http://www.octopuscards.com/eng/general/news/20020326.jsp Press release on Nokia Octo-phone]. From Octopus cards homepage. Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].
* [http://www.octopuscards.com/eng/general/news/e20041119.jsp Special limited edition 2004 Octopus card]. From Octopus cards homepage. Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].
* [http://business.octopuscards.com/eng/partner/images/tech_cchsa_off.gif Architecture of the "central clearing house system"]. From Octopus cards homepage. Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].

'''Referensi lainnya'''
* [http://www.computerweekly.com/Article126026.htm NTT DoCoMo and Sony team up on contactless smart cards for mobile phones] ''Computer Weekly'', [[28 October]] [[2003]]. Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].
* [http://www.erggroup.com/invst_relations/reports/annrept/index.htm ERG Group FY2004 annual report]. Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].
* [http://www.info.gov.hk/hkma/eng/press/2000/20000425e4.htm Granting of authorisation to Creative Star Limited as a deposit-taking company] [[Hong Kong Monetary Authority]] press release, [[25 April]] [[2000]]. Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].
* [http://www.mondex.com.tw/news_releases/intro_press_center_20030807_1.htm Mondex press release citing failure in Hong Kong]. (Chinese only). Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].
* [http://www.mcm.com.cn/english/news/shownews1.asp?id=12 Modern Computer press release on cooperation with MTR] From the homepage of Shenzhen Modern Computer, the provider of automatic fare collection systems to Shenzhen Metro. Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].
* [http://radio.weblogs.com/0121943/2004/03/09.html Where to focus RFID privacy concerns]. By Peter Winer, Big Chief Partners, Inc. Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].
* [http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/200305/21/0521207.htm Question on Octopus card reserve fares]. From the homepage of the [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong]], [[21 May]] [[2003]]. Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].
* [http://www.idtechex.com/knowledgebase/en/casestudy.asp?freefromsection=11 Case study from the RFID Knowledgebase]. Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]].
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== Informasi lebih lanjut ==

* [http://www.td.gov.hk/transport_in_hong_kong/parking/carparks/octopus_operated_parking_meters/index.htm List of Octopus operated parking meters in Hong Kong]. From the homepage of the Transport Department of the [[Government of Hong Kong]]. Retrieved [[1 February]] [[2004]]. 

::As of 21 November 2004, all metered parking spaces in Hong Kong use Octopus, and the Transport Department's 13 multi-storey car parks no longer accept e-Park cards. Also, many of Hong Kong's parking lots no longer accept cash payments at the shroff's office; you must pay by Octopus card or credit card as you exit.

== Pranala luar ==
*[http://www.octopuscards.com/enindex.jsp octopuscard.com]
*[http://www.sony.net/Products/felica/index.html Sony FeliCa homepage]
*[http://www.erggroup.com ERG Group homepage]
*[http://konicaminolta.com.hk/bt/eng/products/octopus/detail_copys.html KonicaMinolta photocopy machines with Octopus cards]
*[http://www.eastwestconsortium.nl East-West Consortium (the Netherlands)]

'''Octopus Automatic Add Value Service'''
*[http://www.hsbc.com.hk/hk/personal/card/octopus/default.htm HSBC]

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[[Kategori:Kartu pintar]]
[[Kategori:Transportasi di Hong Kong]]

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