Lihat sumber Nouri al-Maliki

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'''Nouri Kamil al-Maliki''' ([[bahasa Arab]]: نوري كامل المالكي, [[diartikan]] ''Nūrī Kāmil al-Mālikī''; lahir c. [[1950]]) atau dikenal deengan '''Jawad al-Maliki''' adalah [[Perdana Menteri Irak]] Ke-47. Dia adalah seorang [[Syiah Ghulat]] dan Wakil Ketua [[Partai Islam Dawa]] (''Islamic Dawa Party''). Dia resmi diangkat dalam [[Pemerintahan Transisional Irak|pemerintahan transisional]] untuk menggantikan Ketua Dawa [[Ibrahim al-Jaafari]]. Ke-37 anggota kabinetnya telah dibentuk dan duduk di [[Dewan Nasional Irak|Dewan Nasional]] sejak [[20 Mei]] [[2006]]. Al-Maliki menerima [[mandat]] konstitusional hingga tahun [[2010]].
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On [[April 26]], [[2006]], al-Maliki's office announced that he would thenceforth use the first name Nouri instead of his pseudonym Jawad.<ref name="chitrib">{{cite news
  | first=
  | last=
  | author=Associated Press
  | url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/chi-0604270182apr27,1,7491756.story?coll=chi-newsnationworld-hed
  | title=New prime minister resorts to old name
  | publisher=[[Chicago Tribune]]
  | page=
  | date=[[April 27]], [[2006]]
  | accessdate=2006-04-29
}}</ref>

==Early life==
Nouri Kamel al-Maliki[http://www.salon.com/opinion/feature/2006/05/11/maliki/story.jpg] was born in Al Hindiyah (Hindiya), a southern Iraqi town lying between [[Karbala]] and [[Al Hillah]]. [http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/chi-0604230362apr23,1,4739236.story?coll=chi-newsnationworld-hed][http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2006%5C04%5C23%5Cstory_23-4-2006_pg4_12][http://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/22/world/middleeast/22iraq.html.] Al-Maliki's B.A. is from Baghdad University.  He also holds a master's degree in [[Arabic literature]]. Al-Maliki lived for a time in Al Hillah, where he worked in the education department. He joined the Islamic Dawa Party while studying at university.

==Exile==
In 1980, the [[Saddam Hussein]] government sentenced al-Maliki to death for his activism in the Dawa party.  Thereafter, he lived in exile, first in [[Iran]] and later in [[Syria]]. In Syria, he headed the party's Jihad Office, a branch responsible for directing activists and guerrillas fighting Saddam Hussein's regime from outside of [[Iraq]]. He was elected chairman of the Joint Action Committee, a [[Damascus]]-based opposition coalition that led to the founding of the [[Iraqi National Congress]], a [[United States]]-backed body of opposition to the Saddam Hussein regime which the Dawa Party participated in between 1992 and 1995. While in exile, al-Maliki adopted the pseudonym "Jawad", which he used until after his return to Iraq.

==Return to Iraq==
Returning home after Saddam's fall, he became the deputy leader of the De-Baathification Commission of the [[Iraqi Interim Government]], formed to purge former [[Baath Party]] officials from the military and government. Many [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] Arabs deeply resented the commission, viewing it as part of a [[Shi'a]] conspiracy to take power in Iraq, even though the Baath Party officials affected came from both the Shi'a and Sunni communities.

Al-Maliki was elected to the transitional [[National Assembly of Iraq|National Assembly]] in January 2005. He was considered a tough negotiator in drawn-out deliberations over the new constitution, and was the senior [[Shi'a Islam|Shi'ite]] member of the committee that drafted the new [[Constitution of Iraq|constitution]] that was passed in October 2005 over Sunni Arab objections. He resisted [[U.S.]] efforts to put more Sunnis on the drafting committee, as well as Sunni efforts to water down provisions giving wide autonomy to Shiite and [[Kurds|Kurdish]] regions in the north and south.

==Prime Minister nomination==
In the December 2005 parliamentary elections, the [[United Iraqi Alliance]] won the plurality of seats, and nominated Ibrahim al-Jaafari to be Iraq's first full-term post-war prime minister.  However, al-Jafaari faced opposition from Sunni and Kurdish factions who were negotiating to be part of the new government.  In April 2006, al-Jaafari was removed as the candidate, and on [[April 22]], [[2006]], al-Maliki was named prime minister-designate by [[President of Iraq|President]] [[Jalal Talabani]].

[[List of United States ambassadors to Iraq|United States Ambassador to Iraq]], [[Zalmay Khalilzad]], has stated that "[Maliki's] reputation is as someone who is independent of Iran," and that "He sees himself as an Arab" and an Iraqi nationalist.  Khalilzad also maintained that Iran "pressured everyone for Jaafari to stay."  Maliki's nomination is seen as a victory for Khalilzad's negotiating efforts.  Khalilzad praised Iraqi statesmen, saying "It showed that Sistani doesn't take Iranian direction. It showed that [[Abdul Aziz Hakim]] doesn't succumb to Iranian pressure. He stood up to Iran. It showed the same thing about the Kurdish leaders."<ref name="wapo-ign">{{cite news
  | first=David 
  | last=Ignatius
  | author=David Ignatius
  | url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/04/25/AR2006042501650.html
  | title=In Iraq's Choice, A Chance For Unity
  | publisher=[[Washington Post]]
  | page=A25
  | date=[[April 26]], [[2006]]
  | accessdate=2006-04-26
}}</ref> This interpretation reflects the position of the U.S. Government.

According to [[Juan Cole]], [http://www.salon.com/opinion/feature/2006/05/11/maliki/print.html] hopes for a breakthrough hinge on the assumption that al-Maliki will be able to act more decisively than his failed predecessor, Ibrahim Jaafari, in crucial areas: putting together a government acceptable to all the parties and disbanding the militias; restoring basic social services; and resolving the question of federalism. Al-Maliki seems more aware than Jaffari of the urgency of these problems, but they may be beyond his ability to solve.

On [[May 20]], [[2006]], al-Maliki presented his Cabinet to Parliament, minus permanent ministers of Defense and of Interior.  He announced that he would temporarily handle the Interior Ministry himself, and [[Salam al-Zobaie]] would temporarily act as Defense Minister.  "We pray to God almighty to give us strength so we can meet the ambitious goals of our people who have suffered a lot," al-Maliki told the members of the assembly.<ref name="cnnMay20">{{cite news
  | first=
  | last=
  | author=CNN
  | url=http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/meast/05/20/iraq.main/index.html
  | title=Iraq's new unity government sworn in
  | publisher=[[CNN]]
  | page=
  | date=[[May 20]], [[2006]]
  | accessdate=2006-05-20
}}</ref>

==References==
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== Pranala luar ==
{{wikinews|Jawad al-Maliki named Iraqi prime minister}}
{{commonscat}}
* {{en}}[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/4932468.stm ProBerkas: Jawad al-Maliki ] ''BBC News'' [[21 April]] [[2006]]
* {{en}}[http://al-huda.al-khoei.org/news/63/ARTICLE/1138/2006-04-23.html Al-Huda News Article]
* {{en}}[http://www.meib.org/articles/0306_iraqd.htm MEIB article]
* {{en}}[http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/iraq/2005-08-16-congres-reacts-iraq_x.htm Constitutional negotations]

{{kotak mulai}}
{{kotak suksesi| jabatan=[[Perdana Menteri Irak|Perdana Menteri]] [[Irak]]| pendahulu=[[Ibrahim al-Jaafari]]| pengganti=[[Haidar al-Abadi]]| tahun=([[2006]]–[[2014]])}}
{{kotak selesai}}

[[Kategori:Perdana Menteri Irak|Al-Maliki, Nouri]]
[[Kategori:Kelahiran 1950|Al-Maliki, Nouri]]