Meja Theodore Roosevelt: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Meja Theodore Roosevelt adalah [[meja alas]] [[mahogani]] yang dimiliki oleh [[Gedung Putih]].<ref name="MEMO">[https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0047/phw19740816-09.pdf "Memo, Frank Pagnotta to Robert Hartmann"] [[Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library]]. Gerald R. Ford Presidential Handwriting File, retrieved January 25, 2017</ref><ref name="Curbed">Serratore , Angela. [https://archive.curbed.com/2016/11/8/13561396/president-resolute-desk-oval-office The presidential desk: A brief history]. [[Curbed]]. November 8, 2016. Retrieved December 6, 2020.</ref> Meja dengan tinggi 30 {{convert|30|in|cm|abbr=on}} ini memiliki ruang kerja dengan lebar {{convert|90|in|cm|abbr=on}} dan kedalaman {{convert|53.5|in|cm|abbr=on}}.<ref name="MEMO" /> Rancangannya yang bersahaja ditandai dengan garis-garis yang elegan dan maskulin serta dirinci dengan [[tarikan]] kuningan.<ref name="Curbed" /> Terdapat dua perubahan meja yang keduanya terjadi selama [[Kepresidenan Richard Nixon|pemerintahan Richard Nixon]]. Sebuah lubang dibor di bagian atas sehingga kabel telepon dapat dimasukkan melalui meja agar tidak terlihat dan kunci ditempatkan di laci kiri untuk mengamankan alat perekam yang terletak di sana.<ref name= "GWB2">[https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/history/eeobtour/room180-flash.html Room 180]. George W Bush whitehouse.gov archives. Retrieved December 3, 2020.</ref> Meja itu digambarkan sebagai usang, bekas kebakaran, dicat ulang dalam artikel tahun 1949 di [[Parade Magazine]].<ref>[https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/photograph-records/62-643 The President's Desk]. [[Parade magazine]]. May 22, 1949. Retrieved December 5, 2020.</ref>
Bermula pada dasawarsa 1940-an, setiap pengguna meja ini menandatangani bagian dalam laci tengah pada akhir masa jabatannya<ref name="GWB">[https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/history/eeobtour/ovp-flash.html Vice President's Ceremonial Office]. George W Bush whitehouse.gov archives. Retrieved December 3, 2020.</ref> Pada tahun 1974, tercatat dalam sebuah memo bahwa tanda tangan Harry Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, dan [[Lyndon Baines Johnson]] (serta inisial Truman dan Eisenhower) berada di laci ini.<ref name="MEMO" /> Sejak itu laci tersebut ditandatangani oleh wakil presiden [[Nelson Rockefeller]], [[Walter Mondale]], [[George H. W. Bush]], [[Dan Quayle]], [[Al Gore]], [[Dick Cheney]], [[Joe Biden]], dan [[Mike Pence]].<ref name="Biden">Liptak, Kevin. [https://www.cnn.com/2017/01/06/politics/joe-biden-desk-drawer/index.html Biden signs desk in farewell tradition]. [[CNN]]. January 6, 2017. Retrieved December 4, 2020.</ref><ref>Linge, Mary Kay. [https://nypost.com/2021/01/09/mike-pence-tells-staffers-to-hold-your-heads-high-in-meeting/ "Pence says to 'hold your heads high' in emotional meeting with staffers"]. ''[[New York Post]]''. January 9, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2020.</ref>
== Sejarah ==
[[Berkas:The President's office by Detroit Photographic Company.jpg|thumb|right|alt= a dark green room with a brown desk in the lower right corner| The Theodore Roosevelt desk in the Executive Office, 1904]]
=== Renovasi Gedung Putih 1902 ===
Pada tahun 1901, Wakil Presiden [[Theodore Roosevelt]] menjadi [[Presiden Amerika Serikat]] setelah [[pembunuhan William McKinley|pembunuhan]] presiden petahana [[William McKinley]]. Setelah pindah ke Gedung Putih, keluarga Theodore menemukan interior [[seni dekoratif Victoria|Victoria]] penuh sesak dan suram serta umumnya terlalu kecil untuk keluarga besar mereka<ref name="Christie's">[https://www.christies.com/lotfinder/Lot/white-house-an-archive-of-drawings-and-5014317-details.aspx WHITE HOUSE. An archive of drawings and blue prints from Davenport Co. and McKim, Mead & White, 1902.] [[Christie's]]. December 3, 2007. Retrieved December 4, 2020.</ref><ref name="East and West">[https://www.whitehousehistory.org/the-east-and-west-wings-of-the-white-house The East and West Wings of the White House: history in architecture and building]. [[White House Historical Association]]. Retrieved December 4, 2020.</ref> Renovasi besar-besaran Gedung Putih dimulai pada tahun 1902 untuk menghilangkan nuansa [[Victoriana]] dan sebaliknya membawa bangunan ke standar modern. Istri Theodore, Edith Roosevelt, bekerja dengan Charles Follen McKim dari McKim, Mead, [[dan White]] untuk mencapai renovasi ini yang mencakup pembangunan Gedung Kantor Eksekutif baru, yang sekarang dikenal sebagai Sayap Barat.<ref name="East and West" /><ref>[https://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/Learn-About-TR/TR-Encyclopedia/Family-and-Friends/Edith-Kermit-Carow-Roosevelt.aspx Roosevelt, Edith Kermit Carow]. [[Theodore Roosevelt Center]]. [[Dickinson State University]]. Retrieved December 4, 2020</ref><ref name="whitehouse">[https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/the-white-house/ The White House Building]. [[White House]]. Retrieved December 4, 2020.</ref><ref name="R7">Restoration. p. 7.</ref> As part of this renovation, all furniture in the White House was replaced with new pieces, including this desk.<ref name="furnishings">Monkman, Betty C. [https://www.whitehousehistory.org/the-white-house-collection-the-beaux-arts-furnishing-of-1902 The White House Collection: The Beaux Arts Furnishing of 1902]. [[White House Historical Association]]. Retrieved December 4, 2020</ref> This refurnishing was done with the stated aim to "design and furnish the interior in harmony with its neoclassical exterior architecture, in order that it would not be subject to changing fashion."<ref name="Christie's" />
These new furnishings were part of a widespread attempt to develop a national design identity which had been growing since the [[Philadelphia Centennial Exposition]]. Betty C. Monkman explained through the [[White House Historical Association]] that at this time, "Americans looked back to the nation's origins and an idealized past and sought representative antiques or reproductions of furnishings from the earliest periods of the country's history. Colonial Revival furnishings and copies of English and French neoclassical styles were selected for rooms at the same time that a growing emphasis on lighter spaces and a reaction away from pattern in wallpaper, fabrics, and carpets—and from a certain busyness and 'artistic' clutter".<ref name="furnishings" /> A pamphlet explaining the renovations of the White House from the time claimed that before this new set of furniture was purchased there was "an inequality in the furniture of the whole house (owing to the unwillingness and piecemeal manner with which Congress votes any moneys for its decoration) which destroys its effect as a comfortable dwelling."<ref name="R45-46">Restoration. pp. 45–46.</ref> The pamphlet continued extolling the new furniture and interiors with, "It is to be hoped that Congress will not always consider the furniture of the President's House as the scapegoat of all sumptuary and aristocratic sins, and that we shall soon be able to introduce strangers not only to a comfortable and well-appointed, but to a properly served and nicely kept, Presidential Mansion."<ref name="R45-46" />
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[[File:TaftOval1909.jpg|thumb|alt= a light green room with curving walls and a central fireplace with a brown desk in foreground| The Theodore Roosevelt desk in William Howard Taft's new Oval Office in 1909]]
The desk, as well as all other furniture in the Executive Office Building, was designed by McKim and built by furniture-maker [[A. H. Davenport and Company]] in [[Boston, Massachusetts]] in 1903.<ref name="MEMO" /><ref name= "East and West" /><ref name="R7" /><ref name
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