Ateisme Marxis‒Leninis: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Ateisme Marxis&ndash;LeninisMarxis–Leninis''' ({{lang-ru|Марксистскомарксистско-ленинский атеизм}}), yang juga dikenal sebagai '''ateisme saintifik Marxis-Leninis''', adalah sebuah bagian dari filsafat [[Marxisme–Leninisme|Marxis&ndash;LeninisMarxis–Leninis]] (jenis filsafat [[Marxisme|Marxis]] yang ditemukan di [[Uni Soviet]]), yang [[irelijius]] dan [[anti-rohaniwan]],<ref>{{cite web |author=Василий Михайлович Лендьел|script-title=ru:Современное христианство и коммунизм|publisher=Мысль|year=1965|language=Russian|quote=Марксистско-ленинский атеизм является системой материалистических иаучно обоснованных взглядов, отвергающих веру ...}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Институт научного атеизма (Академия общественных наук)|script-title=ru:Вопросы научного атеизма|publisher=Изд-во "Мысл"|year=1981|language=Russian|quote=марксистско-ленинский атеизм всем своим содержанием «аправлен на развитие способностей личности. Религия лишает человека его собственного «я», раздваивает сознание, создает для него условия ...}}</ref> sementara pada saat yang bersamaan mengadvokasikanmendukung pemakamanpemahaman [[materialisme dialektikal|materialis]].<ref name="Thrower1983"/><ref>{{cite web |author=Анатолий Агапеевич Круглов|script-title=ru:Основы научного атеизма

|publisher=Беларусь|year=1983|language=Russian|quote=Высшей формой является марксистско-ленинский атеизм *. Он опирается на материалистическое понимание не только природы (что было свойственно и домарксистскому атеизму) , но и общества. Последнее позволило на ...}}</ref> Marxisme–Leninisme memandang bahwa agama adalah [[candu masyarakat]], dalam hal mempromosikan penerimaan pasif di Bumi dengan harapan pemberian abadi. Sehingga, Marxisme-Leninisme mengadvokasikan peniadaan agama dan penerimaan [[ateisme]].<ref name="Novaya Zhizn">Vladimir Lenin, in ''Novaya Zhizn No. 28'', December 3, 1905, as quoted in [http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1905/dec/03.htm Marxists Internet Archive]. "Religion is one of the forms of spiritual oppression which everywhere weighs down heavily upon the masses of the people, over burdened by their perpetual work for others, by want and isolation... Those who toil and live in want all their lives are taught by religion to be submissive and patient while here on earth, and to take comfort in the hope of a heavenly reward... Religion is opium for the people. Religion is a sort of spiritual booze, in which the slaves of capital drown their human image, their demand for a life more or less worthy of man."</ref> Selain itu, ateisme saintifik Marxis-Leninis juga dimaksudkan untuk menjelaskan "asal muasal agama", serta mengajarkan "kritikan saintifik terhadapnya".<ref name="Thrower1983">{{cite book|last=Thrower|first=James|title=Marxist-Leninist "scientific Atheism" and the Study of Religion and Atheism in the USSR|url=https://archive.org/details/marxistleninists0000thro|accessdate=18 June 2016|year=1983|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|language=English|isbn=9789027930606|quote=As an integral part of the Marxist-Leninist world-view, 'scientific atheism' is grounded in the view of the world and of man enshrined in dialectical and historical materialism: The study of scientific atheism brings to light an integral part of the Marxist-Leninist world-view. Being a philosophical science, scientific atheism emanates from the basic tenets of dialectical an historical materialism, both in explaining the origin of religion and its scientific criticism of it. (ibid., p. 272)}}</ref> Ateisme Marxis–Leninis telah berakar dalam filsafat [[Ludwig Feuerbach]], [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|G.W.F. Hegel]], [[Karl Marx]], dan [[Vladimir Lenin]].<ref>Slovak Studies, Volume 21. The Slovak Institute in North America. p231. "The origin of Marxist-Leninist atheism as understood in the USSR, is linked with the development of the German philosophy of Hegel and Feuerbach."</ref>

Beberapa Marxis non-Soviet menentang pendirian [[anti-agama]] tersebut, dan dalam bentuk pemikiran [[Marxisme|Marxis]] tertentu, seperti gerakan [[teologi pembebasan]] di [[Amerika Latin]] dan lainnya, ateisme Marxis–Leninis ditolak secara menyeluruh.<ref>{{cite book |author=Richard L. Rubenstein, John K. Roth|title=The Politics of Latin American Liberation Theology|url=https://archive.org/details/politicsoflatina00rube|year=1988|publisher=Washington Institute Press|isbn=0-88702-040-2|quote=There were, however, Marxist voices that pointed out the disadvantages of such antireligious policies.}}</ref>

* Husband, William. <u>"Godless communists": atheism and society in Soviet Russia, 1917-1932</u> Northern Illinois University Press. 2002. ISBN 0-87580-595-7.

* Marsh, Christopher. <u>Religion and the State in Russia and China: Suppression, Survival, and Revival</u>. Continuum International Publishing Group. 2011. ISBN 1-4411-1247-2.

* Pospielovsky, Dimitry. <u>A History of Marxist–Leninist atheism and Soviet antireligious policies</u>. Macmillan. 1987. ISBN 0-333-42326-7.

* Thrower, James. <u>Marxist–Leninist scientific atheism and the study of religion and atheism in the USSR</u>. Walter de Gruyter. 1983. ISBN 90-279-3060-0.

* [http://www.investigatingatheism.info/marxism.html University of Cambridge: Marxist–Leninist atheism] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130610020941/http://investigatingatheism.info/marxism.html |date=2013-06-10 }}

* [http://presentpasts.info/index.php/pp/article/viewFile/pp.13/19 Militant Atheist Objects: Anti-Religion Museums in the Soviet Union (Present Pasts, Vol. 1, 2009, 61-76, doi:10.5334/pp.13)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327190628/http://presentpasts.info/index.php/pp/article/viewFile/pp.13/19 |date=2012-03-27 }}