Nukleasi: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
k Bot: seringkali → sering kali (bentuk baku) |
||
(1 revisi perantara oleh pengguna yang sama tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1:
{{Short description|tahap swapemasangan, termasuk kristalisasi}}
[[File:Rock-Candy-Closeup.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Ketika gula [[Supersaturasi|disupersaturasi]] dalam air, akan terjadi nukleasi, yang memungkinkan molekul-molekul gula terikat bersama-sama dan membentuk struktur kristal yang besar.]]
'''Nukleasi''' adalah tahap pertama pembentukan [[Fase benda|fase termodinamika]] baru maupun struktur baru melalui {{Ill|swapemasangan|en|Self-assembly}} atau {{Ill|swapengorganisasian|en|Self-organization}}. Nukleasi biasanya didefinisikan sebagai proses yang menentukan durasi seorang pengamat harus menunggu sebelum fase baru atau struktur hasil swapengorganisasian muncul. Misalnya, jika sejumlah volume air didinginkan (pada tekanan atmosfer) di bawah 0 °
Nukleasi
<!--== Karakteristik ==
Baris 20:
Heterogeneous nucleation, nucleation with the nucleus at a surface, is much more common than homogeneous nucleation.<ref name="pruppacher_book"/><ref name="sear_review14"/>
For example, in the nucleation of ice from supercooled water droplets, purifying the water to remove all or almost all impurities results in water droplets that freeze below around - 35 C <ref name="pruppacher_book" /><ref name="sear_review14" /><ref name=":0" />, whereas water that contains impurities may freeze at - 5 C or warmer<ref name="pruppacher_book" />.
This observation that heterogeneous nucleation can occur when the rate of homogeneous nucleation is essentially zero, is often understood using [[classical nucleation theory]]. This predicts that the nucleation slows exponentially with the height of a [[Gibbs free energy|free energy]] [[Activation energy#Relationship with Gibbs energy|barrier]] ΔG*. This barrier comes from the free energy penalty of forming the surface of the growing nucleus. For homogeneous nucleation the nucleus is approximated by a sphere, but as we can see in the schematic of macroscopic droplets to the right, droplets on surfaces are not complete spheres and so the area of the interface between the droplet and the surrounding fluid is less than a sphere's <math> 4\pi r^2 </math>. This reduction in surface area of the nucleus reduces the height of the barrier to nucleation and so speeds nucleation up exponentially.<ref name="sear_review" />
Baris 80:
==Referensi==
{{reflist|30em}}
{{Fisika-stub}}▼
[[Kategori:Detektor partikel]]
[[Kategori:Gelembung (fisika)]]
▲{{Fisika-stub}}
|