Kirenaika: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

 

== Sejarah kuno ==

 

 

<!--Conquered by [[Alexander the Great]], it passed to the diadoch dynasty of the Lagids, better known as the [[Ptolemaic dynasty]]. It briefly gained independence under [[Magas of Cyrene|Magas]], stepson of [[Ptolemy I Soter]], but was reabsorbed into the Ptolemaic empire after the death of Magas. It was separated from the main [[Egypt|kingdom]] by [[Ptolemy VIII]] and given to his son [[Ptolemy Apion]], who, dying without heirs in [[96 BC]], bequeathed it to the [[Roman Republic]]. It became a senatorial province in 20 BC, like its far more prominent western neighbour [[Africa proconsularis]], unlike Egypt itself which became an imperial domain ''sui generis'' (under a special governor style Praefectus Augustalis) in [[30 BC]].

Although some confusion exists as to the exact territory Rome inherited, by [[78 BC]] it was organised as one administrative [[province]] with [[Crete]].-->

 

 

<!--The [[Tetrarchy]] reforms of [[Diocletian]] in 296 changed all of the administrative structure. Cyrenaica was split into two provinces: '''Libya superior''' comprized the abvementioned Pentapolis, '''Libya Inferior''' Marmarica (only significant city now the port Paraetonium), each under a governor of the modest rank of ''praeses''. Both belonged to the same diocese (originally as part of Oriens) as Egypt itself (from the start three provinces, later more), within the [[praetorian prefecture]] of [[Oriens]] (also comprizing Oriens proper -mainly Syria- and, both in Asia Minor, Asiana and Pontiana). Its western neighbour Tripolitania, the largest split-off from Africa proconsularis, became part of Africa, a diocese of the western emperor's home prefecture "Italia et Africa"

 

==Muslim and modern history==

Cyrenaica was conquered by the Islamic Arabs by the first caliph, [[Abu Bekr]], in 643/44, and became known as '''[[Barca|Barka]]''' after its new provincial capital, the ancient Barca. After the breakdown of the [[Ummayad caliphate]], it was essentially annexed to Egypt, although still under the same name, under the [[Fatimid]] caliphs and later under the [[Ayyubid]] and [[Mamluk]] sultanates.

 

 

== Lihat pula ==

 

== Pranala luar dan rujukan ==

* {{de}} Westermann ''Grosser Atlas zur Weltgeschichte'' (in German)

 

{{Roman provinces 120 AD}}

[[Kategori:Geografi Libya]]

[[Kategori:Bekas koloni Italia]]