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Baris 1: [[Berkas:TR Pamukkale Laodicea asv2020-02 img08.jpg\|jmpl\|300px]] '''Laodikia''' atau '''Laodikea di tepi sungai Lycus''' ({{lang-el\|Λαοδίκεια πρός τοῦ Λύκου}}; {{lang-la\|Laodicea ad Lycum}}; {{Lang-en\|Laodicea on the Lycus}}, juga ditransliterasi menjadi ''Laodiceia'' atau ''Laodikeia'', dahulu juga dikenal sebagai '''Diospolis''' dan '''Rhoas'''; [[bahasa Turki]]: Laodikya) adalah kota metropolitan kuno di [[Phrygia]] Pacatiana (juga diatribusikan ke [[Caria]] dan [[Lydia]]), yang dibangun di tepi sungai [[Lycus]] (Çürüksu), di [[Anatolia]] dekat desa modern [[Eskihisar, Denizli\|Eskihisar]] (Eski Hissar), [[Denizli]], [[Turki]]. == Sejarah == Laodikea terletak di perbukitan memanjang yang diapit oleh dua lembah sempit sungai [[Asopus]] dan [[Caprus]], yang bermuara ke sungai Lycus. Kota ini semula disebut ''Diospolis'', "Kota [[Zeus]]", dan kemudian ''Rhodas'',<ref>[[Plinius yang Tua]]. v. 29.</ref> dan Laodikea, dikatakan didirikan oleh [[Antiokhos II Theos]], pada tahun 261-253 SM, untuk menghormati istrinya [[Laodice I\|Laodice]], kemungkinan di lokasi kota tua sebelumnya. Kira-kira 17 km di sebelah barat [[Kolose]], 10 km di selatan [[Hierapolis]],<ref>''[[Antonine Itinerary]]'' p. 337; ''[[Tabula Peutingeriana]]''; [[Strabo]] xiii. p. 629.</ref> sekitar 160 km di timur [[Efesus]] dan, menurut Strabo, berada di jalan utama.<ref>14.2.19.</ref> Terletak di daerah [[Phrygia]], meskipun beberapa penulis purba menempatkannya di wilayah provinsi lain ~~–~~– tidak heran mengingat batas-batas wilayah ini sering tidak jelas dan tidak konsisten ~~–~~– misalnya [[Ptolemaeus]]<ref>v. 2. § 18.</ref> dan [[Philostratus]]<ref>''[[Lives of the Sophists]]'' i. 25</ref> menyebutnya kota di daerah Caria, sedangkan [[Stefanus dari Byzantium]] (s. v.) menulis termasuk ke dalam wilayah Lydia. Pada tahun 220 SM, Jenderal Achaeus menjadi rajanya. Kemudian tahun 188 SM, di bawah kekuasaan Kerajaan [[Pergamon]], dan setelah 133 SM dikuasai oleh [[Kekaisaran Romawi]]. Baris 9 ⟶ 10: It suffered greatly during the [[Mithridatic Wars]],<ref>[[Appian]], ''Bell. Mithr.'' 20; Strabo xii. p. 578.</ref> but quickly recovered under the dominion of Rome; and towards the end of the [[Roman Republic]] and under the first emperors, Laodicea, benefiting from its advantageous position on a trade route, became one of the most important and flourishing commercial cities of Asia Minor, in which large money transactions and an extensive trade in black wool were carried on.<ref>[[Cicero]] ''[[Epistulae ad Familiares]]'' ii. 1. 7, iii. 5; Strab. xii.8.16; comp. [[Vitruvius]] viii. 3.</ref> The place often suffered from earthquakes, especially from the great shock in the reign of [[Nero]] (60 AD), in which it was completely destroyed. But the inhabitants declined imperial assistance to rebuild the city and restored it from their own means.<ref>[[Tacitus]], ''[[Annals (Tacitus)\|Annals]]''. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin///ptext?lookup=Tac.+Ann.+14.27 xiv. 27].</ref> The wealth of its inhabitants created among them a taste for the arts of the [[Ancient Greeks\|Greeks]], as is manifest from its ruins; and that it did not remain behind in science and literature is attested by the names of the sceptics [[Antiochus of Laodicea\|Antiochus]] and [[Theiodas]], the successors of [[Aenesidemus]]<ref>[[Diogenes Laertius]] ix. 11. § 106, 12. § 116.</ref> and by the existence of a great medical school.<ref>Strabo xii. p. 580.</ref> Its wealthy citizens embellished Laodicea with beautiful monuments. One of the chief of them, [[Polemon]], became King of [[Armenian Pontus]] ~~–~~– called after him "Polemoniacus" ~~–~~– and of the coast round [[Trebizond]]. The city minted its own coins, the inscriptions of which show evidence of the worship of [[Zeus]], [[Aesculapius\|Æsculapius]], [[Apollo]], and the emperors. It received from Rome the title of free city. During the Roman period Laodicea was the chief city of a Roman [[conventus]], which comprised twenty-four cities besides itself; Cicero records holding assizes there ca. 50 BC.<ref>Cicero ''ad Fam.'' iii. 7, ix. 25, xiii. 54, 67, xv. 4, ''[[Epistulae ad Atticum\|ad Att.]]'' v. 15, 16, 20, 21, vi. 1, 2, 3, 7, ''[[In Verrem]]'' i. 30.</ref> Baris 34 ⟶ 35: --> == Lihat pula == * [[Tujuh Jemaat di Asia Kecil]] * Bagian [[Alkitab]] yang berkaitan: [[Wahyu 1]], [[Wahyu 23]] == Referensi == Baris 42 ⟶ 44: * {{SmithDGRG}} * {{Catholic\|wstitle=Laodicea}} * [http://www.ancientlibrary.com/gazetteer/0198.html Hazlitt, Classical Gazetteer, "Laodicea"] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060602084633/http://www.ancientlibrary.com/gazetteer/0198.html \|date=2006-06-02 }} * [[William Smith (lexicographer)\|Smith, William]] (editor); ''[[Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography]]'', [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0064&query=head%3D%236023 "Laodiceia"], [[London]], (1854) * [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view_page.jsp?artid=65&letter=L&pid=0 Jewish Encyclopedia, "Laodicea"] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071115004024/http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view_page.jsp?artid=65&letter=L&pid=0 \|date=2007-11-15 }} * {{Cite Collier's\|Laodicea}} Baris 50 ⟶ 52: {{Tujuh Gereja di Asia}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Wahyu kepada Yohanes]]