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{{terjemah|Inggris}}
{{Infobox Film |
movie_name = Life of Brian |
image = [[Gambar:LifeofbrianLifeofbrianfilmposter.jpg|200px|Gambar sampul DVD]] |
writer = [[Graham Chapman]],<br />[[John Cleese]],<br />[[Terry Gilliam]],<br />[[Eric Idle]],<br />[[Terry Jones]],<br />[[Michael Palin]] |
starring = [[Graham Chapman]],<br />[[John Cleese]],<br />[[Terry Gilliam]],<br />[[Eric Idle]],<br />[[Terry Jones]],<br />[[Michael Palin]] |
director = [[Terry Jones]] |
producer = |
distributor = [[Warner Bros.]] |
releasedrelease_date = [[1979]]|
runtime = 94 minsmenit |
movie_language = [[bahasa Inggris|Inggris]] |
language = English |
music = |
awards = |
Baris 23 ⟶ 22:
Pada tahun [[2000]], para pembaca majalah ''[[Total Film]]'' memilih film komedi ini sebagai film komedi paling lucu dalam sejarah. Pada tahun [[2004]] majalah yang sama menyebut film ini sebagai film Britania terbaik tingkat ke-5 sepanjang masa. Pada ''[[The Internet Movie Database|IMDb]]'', film ini secara konsisten berada pada tingkatan 250 semua film sepanjang masa.
 
== Sinopsis ==
 
Brian ([[Graham Chapman]]) lahir di sebuah kandang, beberapa pintu dari kandang tempat [[Yesus]] [[kelahiran Yesus|dilahirkan]]. (Hal ini pertama-tama membingungkan para kaum majus yang datang untuk menjenguk Yesus dan harus menghadapi ibunya; Mandy yang kasar). Ia lalu besar dan menjadi seorang pemuda idealis yang menentang keberadaan [[Kekaisaran Romawi|Romawi]] di [[Yudea]]. Sementara ia mendengarkan [[Khotbah di Bukit]], ia jatuh cinta dengan seorang pemberontak muda yang bisa mengajaknya untuk ikut dan menjadi anggota salah satu dari sekian banyak gerakan separatis yang saling berkelahi satu sama lain dan menentang para penjajah Romawi. Salah satu tugas pertamanya ialah untuk menulis [[grafiti]] [[Romani ite domum|anti-Romawi]] pada tembok luar istana gubernur Romawi. Ia berhasil dalam hal ini tanpa diduga ketika mencoretkan kalimat [[bahasa Latin|Latin]] di tembok, ternyata kalimat mengandung kesalahan tatabahasa Latin dan ditegur oleh seorang serdadu Romawi yang kebetulan lewat. Lalu serdadu ini menjewer telinga Brian dan memaksanya untuk membetulkan kalimat Latinnya, mirip seorang guru. Setelah itu Brian diberi 'hukuman' untuk menuliskan kalimat yang sudah dibetulkan sebanyak seratus kali.
{{Spoiler}}
 
Sayangnya, sebuah serangan gagal di istana yang menghasilkan serangkaian kejadian naas, dan sebuah khotbah tak berarti yang dimaksudkan sebagai cara untuk menghindar dari para serdadu Romawi membuat sekelompok penghuni kota menganggap Brian sebagai seorang [[mesias]]. Meskipun ia berusaha keras untuk: (a) meyakinkan mereka bahwa ia bukan seorang mesias dan (b) mencoba menggunakan pengaruhnya untuk tidak mempercayai para figur-figur otoritas, ia ditahan, dihukum mati, disalibkan, dan ditinggalkan oleh para pengikutnya atau siapapun yang bisa membantunya. Namun lihat pula "''[[Always Look on the Bright Side of Life]]''".
Brian ([[Graham Chapman]]) is born in the stable a few doors down from the one in which [[Jesus]] was born (a fact which initially confuses the [[Biblical Magi|three wise men]] come to praise him, as they must instead put up with his boorish mother Mandy). He grows up to be an idealistic young man who resents the continuing [[Roman Empire|Roman]] occupation of [[Judea]]. While attending the [[Sermon on the Mount]] he becomes infatuated with an attractive young rebel, who persuades him to join one of the many fractious and bickering separatist movements plotting to strike at the Roman occupiers. His first assignment as a rebel is an [[Romani ite domum|attempt]] at scrawling some [[graffiti]] on the wall of the governor's palace. This succeeds beyond his wildest dreams when he is caught by a passing Roman guard who, in disgust at Brian's use of improper [[Latin]] [[Latin grammar|grammar]], reacts in a manner resembling that of an old-fasioned English grammar school teacher and forces him to copy out the 'correct' message one hundred times as 'punishment'.
 
== Pranala luar ==▼
Unfortunately, a failed raid on the palace, a resulting series of unfortunate coincidences, and some meaningless babble recited as an attempt to avoid the Roman guards, leads a small army of people to come to regard Brian as the [[Messiah]]. Despite his best efforts to (a) convince people that this isn't the case and (b) try and use his influence to get people to embrace their individuality and not rely on Godheads or authority figures (advice which is merely parrotted unthinkingly back at him), he is arrested, sentenced to death, crucified, and abandoned by anyone who could possibly help him. Still, got to "[[Always Look on the Bright Side of Life]]".
 
== Analisis ==
 
''Monty Python's Life Of Brian'' is essentially a classic [[farce]] and is eloquently summed up by Brian's mother (played by [[Terry Jones]]), saying 'He's not the [[messiah]], he's a very naughty boy.' This notwithstanding, the film is variously seen as a critique of excessive [[religiosity]], a satire depicting organised and popular [[religion]] as a [[racket]] involving [[hypocrisy]] and [[zealot]]ry, a [[sacrilegious]] film 'deserving [[censorship]]', or just a very funny movie.
 
It also pokes fun at revolutionary groups by featuring several factions that are nominally protesting against the Roman occupation of [[Judea]], but are in fact more at loggerheads with one another (examples include 'The Judean People's Front', 'The People's Front of Judea', and (with only one member) 'The Judean Popular People's Front')[http://www.mwscomp.com/movies/brian/brian-07.htm]. According to the DVD commentary, this part of the story is a satire on the multiplication of ineffectual left-wing parties in Britain in the 1970s. These revolutionary groups would splinter every few weeks, and be angrier at each other than they were at the British government.
 
The film contains all members of [[Monty Python]] in multiple roles, and also features cameos by [[Spike Milligan]] (who happened to be on holiday in [[Tunisia]] where the filming was taking place), and [[George Harrison]] (without whom the film would not have been made &mdash; since Harrison set up [[Handmade Films]] to help fund it after the subject matter scared off the original backers, [[EMI]]). [[Chris Langham]] also appears as a centurion.
 
Either by accident or design, several characters are never named during the film, although they do have names which are used in the tracklisting for the soundtrack album and elsewhere. There is no mention of the fact that [[Eric Idle]]'s ever-cheerful joker is called 'Mr. Cheeky', that the terribly well-meaning Roman guard played by [[Michael Palin]] is (aptly) named 'Nisus Wettus', or that Brian's mother (Terry Jones) is named 'Mandy'.
 
The movie's critical moment seems to be when Brian speaks to a large crowd of his followers:
 
:Brian: 'Look, you've got it all wrong! You don't NEED to follow ME, you don't NEED to follow ANYBODY! You've got to think for yourselves! You're ALL individuals!'
 
:The Crowd: 'Yes! We're all individuals!'
 
:Brian: 'You're all different!'
 
:The Crowd: 'Yes, we ARE all different!'
 
:Man in crowd: 'I'm not...'
 
:The Crowd: 'Shhhh!'
 
===Beberapa catatan pada nama-nama karakter===
"Brian" is an interesting example of a cultural [[meme]] at work. It probably began with a British TV commercial which ends with young boy telling his older brother 'I wish I was clever like you, Brian'. This is connected with interviews between sports commentator [[Brian Moore]] and British football players, who are typically not very bright and tended to preface every response with 'Well, Brian...'. The Python team picked up on this and used it in parodies. The name also appeared in the animated series ''[[The Magic Roundabout]]'' which enjoyed some popularity among college students for its offbeat humour.
 
"Mandy" (Brian's mother) probably derives from [[Mandy Rice-Davies]], an actress and participant in the [[Profumo affair]], with influence from one of the characters portrayed by the popular comedian [[Dick Emery]].
 
== Tuduhan blasfemi==
The film initially attracted some complaints about [[Michael Palin]] and [[Graham Chapman]]'s portrayals of characters with speech impediments (e.g. [[Biggus Dickus]]), but Palin insisted that this was solely for humorous purposes. Indeed, his father had a stammer, and he has since both given his name to and supported 'The Michael Palin Centre'[http://www.stammeringcentre.org/s-The_Michael_Palin_Centre], which offers 'specialist assessment and therapy service in [[stammering]]'. However, what caused the most contention was the film's supposed blasphemous content.
 
Protests against the film were organised based on its perceived [[blasphemy]], not the least of which because the film ends with a comical song sung by the victims of a mass [[crucifixion]] ("[[Always Look on the Bright Side of Life]]"). Ironically, this song was later re-released with great success, after being sung by British [[football (soccer)|football]] fans. The increase in popularity, though, became evident in 1982 during the Falklands War when British sailors, injured in an Argentine attack, started singing it. Indeed, many people have come to see the song as a life-affirming ode to [[optimism]]. ("Always Look On The Bright Side Of Life" is also featured in Eric Idle's ''[[Spamalot]]'', a Broadway musical loosely based upon
''[[Monty Python and the Holy Grail]]''.)
 
On its initial release in the [[United Kingdom|UK]], the film was [[ban (law)|ban]]ned by several [[town council]]s (some of which had no cinemas within their boundaries). The film was also banned for eight years in the [[Republic of Ireland]] and for a year in [[Norway]] (it was marketed in [[Sweden]] as 'the movie that is so funny, it was banned in Norway!'). The film was not released in [[Italy]] until [[1990]], eleven years after it was made. The film was not shown in [[Jersey]] until [[2001]]. The [[Bailiff of Jersey]], [[Frank Ereaut]]'s government, wanted it to be watched only by adults, even though the [[BBFC]] rated it [[History of British film certificates#1970-1982|suitable for those aged 14 or over]].
 
Accusations of blasphemy also centred on an off-the-cuff comment by [[Eric Idle]] who, asked about the name of the Pythons' forthcoming feature before it had been made, replied "Jesus Christ: Lust For Glory". It has been variously reported, however, that this idea was merely one of a number abandoned at an early [[brain-storming]] stage, mainly when it became clear that a [[parody]] of Jesus' life just would not work or, as the Pythons put it, 'we discovered (after extensive research) that Jesus's ways are unknockable'.
 
The focus shifted to a separate individual born at a similar time, and a legend was born. When Jesus does appear in the film (as he does on two occasions &mdash; in the stable and speaking the [[Beatitudes]] ([[Gospel of Matthew|Matt]] 5:1-48)), he is portrayed according to Christian beliefs. The comedy only begins when members of the crowd mishear his statement 'Blessed are the Peacemakers...' ('I think he said, "blessed are the cheesemakers"'; also, later, there is some debate on whether the 'Greek' should inherit the Earth).
 
[[Mary Whitehouse]] and other campaigners launched waves of [[leaflet]]s and [[picketing]] at and around cinemas that showed the film, ironically boosting the publicity. Leaflets suggesting that the Wise Men would not have approached the wrong stable (as they do in the opening of the film), and similar arguments are documented in the [[Robert Hewison]] book ''Monty Python: The Case Against'' (ISBN 0413486605). Shortly after the film was released, Cleese and Palin engaged in a debate over it on the [[BBC2]] discussion programme ''Friday Night, Saturday Morning'', in which [[Malcolm Muggeridge]] and the Bishop of [[Southwark]] put the case against the film. Cleese has frequently said that he enjoyed the debate, since he felt that the film was 'completely intellectually defensible'. (The debate itself was then sent up, the following week, in a classic sketch from ''[[Not the Nine O'Clock News]]'', entitled "General Synod's Life Of Christ".)
 
For their part, the Pythons contend on the [[audio commentary (DVD)|DVD commentary]] that the film is [[heresy|heretical]] because it lampoons the practices of modern organised religion, but does not [[blasphemy|blasphemously]] lampoon the [[God]] that Christians worship.
 
==Rilis ulang==
On [[24 March]] [[2004]], [[CNN]] reported that the film distributor Rainbow Film Company would be issuing a re-release (marketed as a "Second Coming") of ''Monty Python's Life Of Brian'' on [[April 30]] [[2004]], in Los Angeles and New York before expanding to other cities across the USA through May 2004. This was variously reported to be a direct result of the release of [[Mel Gibson]]'s movie, ''[[The Passion of the Christ]]'', or the 25th anniversary of the original theatrical release of ''Life Of Brian''.
 
==''Spin-off''==
Spin-offs include a script-book ''The Life Of Brian Of Nazareth'', which is backed by the aptly named ''MONTYPYTHONSCRAPBOOK''... (The printing of this book also caused problems, since there are rarely-used technical laws in the UK against 'blasphemy' dictating what can and cannot be written about religion&mdash;the publisher refused to print both halves of the book, and original prints were by two companies).
 
An audio recording of ''[[Monty Python's Life of Brian (album)]]'' has been released on the Disky label.
 
==Referensi kebudayaan==
 
Naughtius Maximus, the supposed name of Brian's father which is given by his mother Mandy, is also the name of a [[Malaysian hip hop]] band.
 
▲== Pranala luar==
{{wikiquote}}
* {{imdb titlejudul|id=0079470|titlejudul=Life of Brian}}
* {{en}} [http://www.mwscomp.com/movies/brian/brian.htm Entire movie script] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071002222808/http://www.mwscomp.com/movies/brian/brian.htm |date=2007-10-02 }}
* {{en}} [http://orangecow.org/pythonet/scripts/jesuspyt.html Transcript of the sketch ''The General Synod's Life of Christ''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060913065625/http://orangecow.org/pythonet/scripts/jesuspyt.html |date=2006-09-13 }}
* {{en}} [http://www.keithshortsculptor.com/lifeofbrian.htm Keith Short - Film Sculptor] Image of giant feet sculpted for this film
* {{en}} [http://www.criterionco.com/asp/release.asp?id=61&eid=76&section=essay George Perry essay at criterionco.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060903215632/http://www.criterionco.com/asp/release.asp?id=61&eid=76&section=essay |date=2006-09-03 }}
 
=== ''Review'' ===
* {{en}} [http://filmcritic.com/misc/emporium.nsf/84dbbfa4d710144986256c290016f76e/4fd8427081e93ad688256e860017a032?OpenDocument Filmcritic.com review of ''Life of Brian''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080222215019/http://www.filmcritic.com/misc/emporium.nsf/84dbbfa4d710144986256c290016f76e/4fd8427081e93ad688256e860017a032?OpenDocument |date=2008-02-22 }}
* {{en}} [http://movie-reviews.colossus.net/movies/l/life_brian.html James Berardinelli's Review on ''Life of Brian''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060516002525/http://movie-reviews.colossus.net/movies/l/life_brian.html |date=2006-05-16 }}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes|link=MontyPythonsLifeofBrian-1014194|title=Life of Brian}}
 
==Rujukan Referensi ==
* {{en}} Hewison, Robert. ''Monty Python: The Case Against''. New York: Grove, 1981. (ISBN 04134866050-413-48660-5) This book discusses at length the censorship and controversy surrounding the film.
 
{{MontyPython}}
 
[[Kategori:Film tahun 1970-ankomedi]]
[[Kategori:Film Britania Raya tahun 1979]]
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[[cs:Monty Python: Život Briana]]
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[[es:La vida de Brian]]
[[fr:La Vie de Brian]]
[[he:בריאן כוכב עליון]]
[[hu:Brian élete]]
[[it:Brian di Nazareth]]
[[ja:ライフ・オブ・ブライアン]]
[[la:Vita Briani]]
[[nl:Monty Python's Life of Brian]]
[[pl:Żywot Briana]]
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