Perintah Eksekutif 13769: Perbedaan antara revisi
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[[Berkas:Trump signing order January 27.jpg|
[[Berkas:Muslim ban.svg|
<!--Please do not add "Executive Order 13769" until it is confirmed by the Federal Register [https://www.federalregister.gov/executive-orders/donald-trump/2017 here], thanks! -->Sebuah [[perintah eksekutif]] (semacam [[Keppres]]) berjudul "'''Melindungi Bangsa dari Penyusupan Teroris Asing ke Amerika Serikat'''" ({{lang-en|Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States}}) ditandatangani oleh Presiden A.S. [[Donald Trump]] pada tanggal 27 Januari 2017 yang diumumkan dalam [[Federal Register]] sebagai '''Perintah Eksekutif 13769'''<ref>{{cite web|title=Public Inspection: Presidential Document: Defense and National Security: Foreign Terrorists; Measures to Prevent U.S. Entry (EO 13769)|url=https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2017-02281|work=Federal Register|accessdate=January 31, 2017|date=January 31, 2017 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170131204907/https://s3.amazonaws.com/public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2017-02281.pdf |archive-date=January 31, 2017 |id=FR Doc. 2017 - 02281 |quote=This document is unpublished. It is scheduled to be published on 02/01/2017.}}</ref> yang merupakan bagian dari [[kebijakan imigrasi Donald Trump#Usulan larangan imigrasi Muslim|janji kampanye untuk membatasi imigran dari negara-negara tertentu]]. Perintah ini menghentikan [[United States Refugee Admissions Program|U.S. Refugee Admissions Program]] (USRAP) selama 120 hari. Setelah itu, program ini akan dilanjutkan untuk negara-negara tertentu secara bersyarat. Perintah ini juga menghentikan masuknya warga negara dari [[Irak]], [[Iran]], [[Libya]], [[Somalia]], [[Sudan]], dan [[Yemen]] selama 90 hari apapun jenis visanya. Setelah itu, daftar negara yang dilarang akan ditentukan lagi. Perintah ini juga menghentikan masuknya warga [[Suriah]] sampai jangka waktu yang belum ditentukan apapun jenis [[visa perjalanan|visanya]].<ref name="BBC key">{{cite web | title=Trump's refugee and travel suspension: Key points | publisher=BBC News | date=January 28, 2017 | url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-38781302 | accessdate=January 29, 2017}}</ref><ref name="WSJ">{{cite web | last=Nicholas | first=Peter | last2=Nicholas | first2=Peter | title=White House Defends Executive Order Barring Travelers From Certain Muslim Countries | newspaper=The Wall Street Journal| date=January 28, 2017 | url=http://www.wsj.com/articles/white-house-defends-executive-order-barring-travelers-from-certain-muslim-countries-1485642323 | accessdate=January 29, 2017}}</ref><ref name=nyt_target>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/27/us/politics/trump-syrian-refugees.html|title=Trump Bars Refugees and Citizens of 7 Muslim Countries|first1=Michael D.|last1=Shear|first2=Helene|last2=Cooper|date=January 27, 2017|accessdate=January 28, 2017|work=The New York Times}}</ref> Departemen Keamanan Dalam Negeri (DHS) kemudian mengeluarkan kebijakan yang mengecualikan pemegang [[pemukim permanen (Amerika Serikat)|Kartu Hijau]] dan pengecualian tertentu per kasus.<ref name=nyt_greencard />
Presiden Trump menandatangani perintah ini pada tanggal 27 Januari 2017. Per 29 Januari, sekitar 375 pelancong terkena dampaknya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://abcnews.go.com/US/trumps-immigration-order-sparks-protests-airports-nationwide/story?id=45119839|title=Trump's Immigration Order Sparks Protests at Airports Nationwide|last=Jacobo|first=Julia|date=January 29, 2017|work=ABC News|access-date=January 29, 2017|via=}}</ref> Perintah ini menuai kecaman internasional. [[Unjuk rasa Bandar Udara Internasional John F. Kennedy|Unjuk rasa]] terjadi di [[Bandar Udara Internasional John F. Kennedy]] New York dan bandara lainnya di Amerika Serikat. [[American Civil Liberties Union]] (ACLU) mengajukan tuntutan hukum ''[[Darweesh v. Trump]]'' untuk menghentikan pelaksanaan perintah ini.
Sebuah pengadilan federal di [[Brooklyn]] untuk sementara menghentikan pelaksanaan sebagian perintah ini pada 28 Januari, tetapi pengadilan tersebut tidak membuka jalan bagi pelancong yang terdampak dan tidak kesesuaian perintah eksekutif ini dengan konstitusi negara.<ref name=nyt_impact>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/28/us/refugees-detained-at-us-airports-prompting-legal-challenges-to-trumps-immigration-order.html|title=Judge Blocks Part of Trump’s Immigration Order|last=Shear|first=Michael D.|date=January 28, 2017|last2=Feuer|first2=Alan|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|accessdate=January 29, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/court-blocks-trump-refugee-ban_us_588d4b53e4b0b065cbbc6a6f|title=Court Temporarily Blocks Parts Of Trump's Syrian Refugee And Travel Ban|first=Cristian|last=Farias|work=The Huffington Post|date=January 28, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Digangi|first1=Diana|title=ACLU: Emergency stay has been granted to halt immigration ban|url=http://dcw50.com/2017/01/28/aclu-emergency-stay-has-been-granted-to-halt-immigration-ban/|publisher=DCW50.com|accessdate=January 29, 2017}}</ref> Tanggal 29 Januari, pengadilan federal di [[Boston]] untuk sementara melarang penahanan pelancong terdampak "yang boleh masuk Amerika Serikat secara sah apabila Perintah Eksekutif ini tidak ada."<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/chrisgeidner/federal-judge-orders-halt-to-deportations-under-trump-order|title=Federal Judge Orders Nationwide Halt To Deportations Under Trump Order|work=BuzzFeed|language=en|accessdate=January 29, 2017}}</ref> Putusan pengadilan ini memungkinkan imigran sah dari tujuh negara tersebut masuk ke Amerika Serikat lewat [[Bandar Udara Internasional Logan]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2017/01/29/judges-put-temporary-stop-trump-immigration-order/UQiz2kEXJMDQHuiIFoguuJ/story.html|title=Judges put temporary stop to Trump immigration order|first = Maria|last = Sacchetti|newspaper = [[Boston Globe]] |date=January 29, 2017 |accessdate=January 29, 2017}}</ref>
Setelah putusan tersebut dikeluarkan, Departemen Keamanan Dalam Negeri menyatakan akan terus memberlakukan keseluruhan perintah eksekutif ini dan "perjalanan yang dilarang akan tetap dilarang".<ref name=dhs_response>{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/news/2017/01/29/department-homeland-security-response-recent-litigation|title=Department of Homeland Security Response To Recent Litigation|publisher=United States Department of Homeland Security}}</ref> Para pengacara yang mewakili pelancong terdampak mengatakan bahwa beberapa pihak berwenang menolak mematuhi putusan pengadilan.<ref name=reuters_resist>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-immigration-courts-idUSKBN15D0XG|title=U.S. judges limit Trump immigration order; some officials resist curbs|date=January 29, 2017|publisher=|accessdate=January 29, 2017|via=Reuters}}</ref> Pada hari yang sama, selain mengumumkan penyusutan cakupan perintah ini, Kepala Staf Gedung Putih [[Reince Priebus]] mengatakan bahwa perintah ini tidak berlaku bagi [[pemukim permanen (Amerika Serikat)|pemukim permanen sah Amerika Serikat]] (pemegang "kartu hijau")<ref name=nyt_greencard>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/29/us/politics/white-house-official-in-reversal-says-green-card-holders-wont-be-barred.html|title=White House Official, in Reversal, Says Green Card Holders Won’t Be Barred|publisher=New York Times|last=Shear|first=Michael|date=January 29, 2017|accessdate=January 29, 2017}}</ref> dan perintah ini selanjutnya memberi pengecualian per kasus. Namun demikian, sejak perintah ini berlaku, banyak pelancong yang ditahan selama berjam-jam tanpa akses komunikasi dengan keluarga, kerabat, atau bantaun hukum.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-immigration-chaos-idUSKBN15C0LD|title=Chaos, anger as Trump order halts some Muslim immigrants|last=Torbati|first=Yeganeh|date=January 29, 2017|work=Reuters|last2=Mason|first2=Jeff|last3=Rosenberg|first3=Mica|access-date=January 29, 2017|via=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/queens/iraqi-man-free-detainment-jfk-airport-article-1.2958091|title=Iraqi man, Hameed Darweesh, free after detainment at JFK Airport|last=McDonnell|first=Mary|date=January 28, 2017|work=New York Daily News|last2=Tracy|first2=Thomas|last3=McShane|first3=Larry|access-date=January 28, 2017|via=}}</ref><ref name=":13">{{Cite news|url=http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/detained-york-airport-cairo-wake-trumps-executive-order/story?id=45109972|title=At Least 27 People Detained or Sent Home Following Trump's Executive Order|last=Hayden|first=Michael Edison|date=January 28, 2017|work=ABC News|access-date=January 28, 2017|via=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/live/2017/jan/29/donald-trump-us-travel-ban-refugees-airports|title=Protests spread over Trump travel ban on Muslim majority countries – live|last=Jamieson|first=Amber|date=January 29, 2017|work=The Guardian|last2=Taylor|first2=Matthew|access-date=January 29, 2017|via=}}</ref>
== Lihat pula ==
{{wikisource|Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States}}
* [[Daftar perintah eksekutif federal Amerika Serikat 13765 dan selanjutnya]]
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* [[Kebijakan visa Amerika Serikat]]
== Catatan kaki ==
{{notelist}}
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
== Pranala luar ==
<!-- * [https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/27/us/politics/refugee-muslim-executive-order-trump.html Text of Executive Order via The New York Times] -->
* [https://ir.usembassy.gov/protecting-nation-foreign-terrorist-entry-united-states/ Full text of Executive Order via the United States' virtual embassy website for Iran]
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{{Kebijakan Trump}}
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