Papirus Chester Beatty: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Papirus Chester Beatty''' ({{lang-en|Chester Beatty Papyri}}) merupakan kumpulan naskah [[papirus]] kuno yang dikumpulkan oleh Alfred Chester Beatty semasa hidupnya, yang meliputi sejumlah manuskrip yang berkaitan dengan [[Alkitab]] [[Kristen]], yang disebut kelompok '''Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri''', maupun yang tidak berkaitan dengan Alkitab, seperti [[#Berkaitan dengan Kedokteran|'''Chester Beatty Medical Papyrus''']] yang berhubungan dengan [[kedokteran]].
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All of the manuscripts are [[codex|codices]], which was surprising to the first scholars who examined the texts because it was believed that the papyrus codex was not extensively used by Christians until the 4th century. Most of the manuscripts dated to the 3rd century, with some as early as the 2nd. The manuscripts also helped scholars understand the construction of papyrus codices. There is significant variation between the construction of each manuscript. Page size ranges from about 14 by 24.2 cm (P. III) to 18 by 33 cm (P. VI). Some of the manuscripts were constructed of a single gathering (quire) of papyrus sheets (Pap. II, VII, IX + X), while in others the gathering varies from a single sheet (I) to five (V) or seven (VII). The largest codex (P. IX/X) is believed to have contained roughly 236 pages.
The manuscripts employ ''[[nomina sacra]]''. One notable example is in P. VI which contains portions of the Old Testament. The name Joshua which relates linguistically to Jesus was considered a sacred name and abbreviated as such.
Since all but two (P. XI, XII) of the eleven manuscripts are dated before the 4th century, they present significant [[textual criticism|textual]] evidence for the Greek Bible as it existed in Egypt prior to the Diocletianic persecutions where Christian books are said to have been destroyed and a century or more earlier than the [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|Codex Vaticanus]] and [[Codex Sinaiticus]]. Although some of the scholars who first studied the collection considered some of the New Testament manuscripts, especially ''P. Chester Beatty'' I (P<sup>45</sup>) to be of the [[Caesarean text-type]], this has little support today. The textual character is generally described as being eclectic, mixed, or unaligned. The manuscripts provided many new textual variations, especially because the Old Testament manuscripts predated the revision activity of [[Lucian]] and [[Origen]] and others, and the New Testament manuscripts are some of the earliest yet quite extensive examples of the corresponding books.
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=== Naskah Perjanjian Lama ==
Originally, there were believed to be eight manuscripts in the Chester Beatty collection that contained portions of the Old Testament. However, what was believed to be two different manuscripts actually belonged to the same codex, resulting in a total of seven Old Testament manuscripts in the collection, all following the text of the [[septuagint]].
* P. IV and V – Two manuscripts that contain portions of [[Book of Genesis|Genesis]], one dated to the late 3rd century, and one the early 4th century. These manuscripts are significant because the next oldest Greek Old Testament texts of Vaticanus and Sinaiticus have extensive [[Lacuna (manuscripts)|Lacunae]] in Genesis.
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== Berkaitan dengan Kedokteran ==
'''Papirus Kedokteran Chester Beatty''' ({{lang-en|Chester Beatty Medical Papyrus}} atau '''Chester Beatty Papyri 46''' (Papyrus no. 10686, [[British Museum]])) merupakan suatu manuskrip papirus
== Lihat pula ==
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== Pustaka lain ==
* [[F. F. Bruce|Bruce, F.F.]] [http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/papyri_bruce.pdf "The Chester Beatty Papyrii,"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516095559/http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/papyri_bruce.pdf |date=2011-05-16 }} ''The Harvester'' 11 (1934): 163-164.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110605115104/http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~pietersm/Chester%20Beatty%20Papyri%20(ABD).pdf "Chester Beatty Papyri"]. '''The Anchor Bible Dictionary''. vol. 1. Doubleday: 1992. pp. 901–903
* [[Frederic G. Kenyon|Kenyon, Frederic G.]]. [http://www.bible-researcher.com/kenyon/sotb9.html "Chapter 9 – The Age of Discoveries (continued): The Chester Beatty Papyri."] ''The Story of the Bible''. London: J. Murray, 1936.
* Kenyon, Frederic G. ''The Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri: Descriptions and Texts of Twelve Manuscripts on Papyrus of the Greek Bible''. London: Emery Walker Ltd., 1933, 1937. [http://www.biblecentre.net/nt/mss/kenyon/cb/int.htm Fasciculus I: General Introduction], [http://www.biblecentre.net/nt/mss/kenyon/cb/text.htm Fasciculus II: The Gospels and Acts], [http://www.biblecentre.net/nt/mss/kenyon/cb/Pauline%20Epistles%20-%20Plates.html Fasciculus III, Supplement: Pauline Epistles].
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== Pustaka tambahan ==
* Banov, L., Jr. (1965). "The Chester Beatty Medical Papyrus: the earliest known treatise completely devoted to anorectal diseases." PubMed.[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&uid=5322341&cmd=showdetailview]
* Viso, L.; Uriach, J. (1995). "The 'Guardians of the anus' and their practice." ''International Journal of Colorectal Disease'', Volume 10, Number 4, October 1995.[http://www.springerlink.com/content/m1562t58054617j6/]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.baghdadmuseum.org/posters/i1350749_The_Chester_Beatty_Medical_Papyrus_New_Kingdom_circa_1200_BC_Papyrus.html Photograph of a page of the Chester Beatty Medical Papyrus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303233119/http://www.baghdadmuseum.org/posters/i1350749_The_Chester_Beatty_Medical_Papyrus_New_Kingdom_circa_1200_BC_Papyrus.html |date=2016-03-03 }}
{{Ancient Egyptian medicine}}
[[Kategori:Universitas Michigan]]
▲[[Category:Naskah Alkitab]]
▲[[Category:Kedokteran]]
▲[[Category:Manuscripts in the Chester Beatty Library]]
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