Morgan Tsvangirai: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 1:
{{Infobox
|name = Morgan Tsvangirai
|
|office
|president = [[Robert Mugabe]]
|deputy = [[Thokozani Khuphe]]<br>[[Arthur Mutambara]]
|term_start =
|term_end = 11 September 2013
|predecessor = [[Robert Mugabe]] {{small|(1987)}}
|successor = Posisi dihapuskan
|
|term_start1 = 30 September 1999
|
|president2 = [[Robert Mugabe]]<br>[[Emmerson Mnangagwa]]
|predecessor1 = [[Gibson Sibanda]]
|successor1 = [[Nelson Chamisa]] (penjabat)
|office2 = Pemimpin Oposisi
|term_start2 = 30 September 1999
|term_end2 =14 Februari 2018
|predecessor2 = [[Abel Muzorewa]]
|successor2 = [[Nelson Chamisa]]
|office3 = Sekretaris Jenderal [[Kongres Serikat Buruh Zimbabwe]]
|term_start3 = 10 Mei 1987
|term_end3 = 30 September 1999
|predecessor3 = Masotsha Ndhlovu
|successor3 = Wellington Chibebe
|birth_name = Morgan Richard Tsvangirai
|birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1952|3|10}}
|death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2018|2|14|1952|3|10}}
|birth_place = [[Gutu]], [[Rhodesia Selatan]]
|death_place = [[Johannesburg]], [[Afrika Selatan]]
|death_cause = [[Kanker usus besar]]
|party = [[Zimbabwe African National Union]] {{small|(Sebelum 1987)}}<br>[[ZANU-PF]] {{small|(1987–1999)}}<br>[[Gerakan Perubahan Demokrasi (1999–2005)|Gerakan Perubahan Demokrasi]] {{small|(1999–2005)}}<br>[[Gerakan Perubahan Demokrasi – Tsvangirai|Gerakan Perubahan Demokrasi-Tsvangirai]] {{small|(2005–2018)}}
|spouse = {{marriage|[[Susan Tsvangirai|Susan Mhundwa]]|1978|2009|end=meninggal}}<br>{{marriage|Elizabeth Macheka|2011|}}
|
|signature = Morgansign.svg
|website = {{url|zimbabweprimeminister.org/index.php|Government website}}<br>{{url|mdc.co.zw|Party website}}
}}
'''Morgan Richard Tsvangirai''' ({{lahirmati|[[Gutu]], [[Rhodesia Selatan]]|10|3|1952|[[Johannesburg]], [[Afrika Selatan]]|14|2|2018}}) adalah seorang [[politikus]] [[Zimbabwe]] yang menjabat sebagai [[Perdana Menteri Zimbabwe]] dari [[11 Februari]] [[2009]] hingga 11 September 2013.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mugabe appoints ZANU-PF lawyer as Zimbabwe finance minister|publisher=[[Reuters]]|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2013/09/10/uk-zimbabwe-cabinet-idUKBRE9890XN20130910|access-date=2013-10-15|archive-date=2013-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927175345/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2013/09/10/uk-zimbabwe-cabinet-idUKBRE9890XN20130910|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Ia adalah aktivis [[hak asasi manusia]], Ketua Partai [[Gerakan Perubahan Demokrasi – Tsvangirai]] (MDC-T) dan tokoh kunci dalam oposisi terhadap mantan Presiden [[Robert Mugabe]].
Tsvangirai mencalonkan diri dalam [[pemilihan presiden Zimbabwe 2002|pemilihan presiden 2002]] yang kontroversial, ia kalah dari Mugabe. Ia kemudian berkontestasi pada putaran pertama [[pemilihan presiden Zimbabwe 2008|pemilihan presiden 2008]] sebagai kandidat dari MDC-T, memperoleh 47,8% suara sesuai dengan hasil resmi, menempatkan dirinya unggul atas Mugabe, yang menerima 43,2% suara. Tsvangirai mengklaim telah memenangkan suara mayoritas dan mengatakan bahwa hasilnya bisa saja diubah di antara waktu pemilihan dan pelaporan hasil resmi.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2008-05-02-zimbabwe-elections_N.htm | work=USA Today | title=Zimbabwe opposition challenges election results | date=2 May 2008 | accessdate=13 May 2010 | deadurl=no | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090306172608/http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2008-05-02-zimbabwe-elections_N.htm | archivedate=6 March 2009 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> Tsvangirai awalnya direncanakan untuk kembali bertanding di putaran kedua melawan Mugabe, tetapi mundur sesaat sebelum diadakan, dengan alasan bahwa pemilihan tidak akan bebas dan adil karena meluasnya kekerasan dan intimidasi yang dilakukan oleh pendukung pemerintah dan menyebabkan kematian kurang lebih 200 orang.
Ia menderita luka yang tidak mengancam nyawa dalam sebuah kecelakaan mobil pada 6 Maret 2009 ketika menuju ke rumahnya di [[Buhera]]. Istri pertamanya, [[Susan Tsvangirai]], tewas dalam tabrakan tersebut.<ref>{{cite news |last=Pflanz |first=Mike |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/zimbabwe/4950623/Fatal-Tsvangirai-crash-was-not-accident-says-MDC.html |title=Fatal Tsvangirai crash 'was not accident', says MDC |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=UK |date=7 Maret 2009 |accessdate=17 Desember 2010 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100410205739/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/zimbabwe/4950623/Fatal-Tsvangirai-crash-was-not-accident-says-MDC.html |archivedate=10 April 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
Ketika [[kudeta Zimbabwe 2017]] terjadi, Tsvangirai meminta Mugabe untuk mundur.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/11/16/zimbabwes-robert-mugabe-wife-grace-insisting-finishes-term-priest/|title=Zimbabwe coup: Robert Mugabe and wife Grace 'insisting he finishes his term', as priest steps in to mediate|date=16 November 2017|work=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|access-date=16 November 2017|dead-url=no|issn=0307-1235|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116122822/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/11/16/zimbabwes-robert-mugabe-wife-grace-insisting-finishes-term-priest/|archivedate=16 November 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-42020416|title=Mugabe 'resisting calls to stand down'|date=16 November 2017|publisher=[[BBC News]]|access-date=16 November 2017|dead-url=no|language=en-GB|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117005320/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-42020416|archivedate=17 November 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Ia berharap pertemuan semua pemangku kepentingan bertujuan untuk memetakan masa depan negara dan adanya pengawasan dari internasional terhadap pemilihan umum yang akan datang agar, dapat menciptakan proses untuk membawa negara ini menuju rezim yang sah.<ref>[https://news.pindula.co.zw/2017/11/20/morgan-tsvangirai-calls-internationally-supervised-process-for-elections/ Morgan Tsvangirai Calls For Internationally-Supervised Process For The Forthcoming Elections] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201030740/https://news.pindula.co.zw/2017/11/20/morgan-tsvangirai-calls-internationally-supervised-process-for-elections/ |date=20 November 2017 }}, Pindula News, 2017/11/20</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-zimbabwe-politics-opposition/zimbabwe-opposition-wants-inclusive-political-process-after-military-intervention-idUSKBN1DK16W?il=0 Zimbabwe opposition wants inclusive political process after military intervention] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171125185047/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-zimbabwe-politics-opposition/zimbabwe-opposition-wants-inclusive-political-process-after-military-intervention-idUSKBN1DK16W?il=0 |date=25 November 2017 }}, [[Reuters]], 20 November 2017</ref>
Pada 14 Februari 2018, Tsvangirai meninggal dunia pada usia 65 tahun setelah dilaporkan menderita [[kanker usus besar]].<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43066175 Zimbabwe opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai dies aged 65] BBC, 15 Februari 2018</ref>
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
== Bacaan lebih lanjut ==
* {{cite book|first=Stephen|last=Chan|title=Citizen of Africa: Conversations with Morgan Tsvangirai|url=https://archive.org/details/citizenofafricac0000chan|location=Bethesda|publisher=Academica Press|isbn=1-933146-22-2|year=2005 }}
* {{cite book|authorlink=George Bizos|first=George|last=Bizos|title=Odyssey to Freedom|location=Houghton|publisher=Random House|isbn=978-0-9584195-8-1|year=2007 }}
* {{cite book|first=Sarah|last=Hudleston|title=[[Face of Courage: Morgan Tsvangirai]]|location=Cape Town|publisher=Double Storey|isbn=978-1-77013-005-0|year=2005 }}
== Pranala luar ==
{{Commons category|Morgan Tsvangirai}}
* [http://www.mdc.co.zw MDC website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080327021720/http://www.mdc.co.zw/ |date=2008-03-27 }}
* [http://zimbabweprimeminister.org Zimbabwe Prime Minister Online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090309025415/http://www.zimbabweprimeminister.org/ |date=2009-03-09 }}
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S1jNBUr_nis Video wawancara Morgan Tsvangirai pada World Economic Forum di Africa 2011]
{{s-start}}
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-new|party|rows=2}}
{{s-ttl|title=Ketua [[Gerakan Perubahan Demokrasi (1999–2005)|Gerakan Perubahan Demokrasi]]|years=1999–2005}}
{{s-non|reason=Partai terpecah}}
|-
{{s-ttl|title=Ketua [[Gerakan Perubahan Demokrasi – Tsvangirai|Gerakan Perubahan Demokrasi-Tsvangirai]]|years=2005–2018}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Nelson Chamisa]]}}
{{s-off}}
|-
{{s-vac|last=[[Robert Mugabe]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Perdana Menteri Zimbabwe]]|years=2009–2013}}
{{s-non|reason=Posisi dihapuskan}}
{{s-end}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tsvangirai, Morgan}}
[[Kategori:Meninggal usia 65]]
[[Kategori:Politikus Zimbabwe]]
[[Kategori:Perdana Menteri Zimbabwe]]
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