Bill Finger: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Milton Finger''', dikenal secara profesional sebagai '''Bill Finger'''<ref name=fingerfamily /> (8 Februari 1914<ref>{{cite comic| writer= [[Carmine Infantino|Infantino, Carmine]]| penciller=| inker=| story= Last February, The Batman lost a father. | title= Famous First Edition| issue= F-6| date= Maret 1975| publisher= [[DC Comics]]| page= inside front cover| panel= }}</ref> – 18 Januari 1974),<ref name=fingerfamily>{{cite web |url=http://www.fingerfamily.com/html/bio-finger-bill-12367.html |title=Bill Finger |first=Dwight |last=Finger |publisher=FINGAR and FINGER Family Genealogy |accessdate=March 1, 2013 |archivedate=3 Maret 2013 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EpivlfTC?url=http://www.fingerfamily.com/html/bio-finger-bill-12367.html |deadurl=no |quote=Some researchers have put his birth in New York, but the 1920 U.S. Census along with other evidence shows he was born in Denver, Colorado. |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref name=fredfinger>{{cite book| last=Nobleman | first=Marc Tyler |title= Bill the Boy Wonder: The Secret Co-Creator of Batman | url=https://archive.org/details/billboywondersec0000nobl | publisher=Charlesbridge Publishing | year= 2012 | page = 32 (unnumbered) | isbn = 978-1580892896}}</ref> adalah [[strip komik|komik strip]] Amerika dan penulis buku komik yang paling dikenal sebagai pencipta, dengan [[Bob Kane]], dari karakter [[DC Comics]] [[Batman]], dan ikut dalam pengembangan seri. Meskipun Finger tidak menerima penghargaan untuk karyanya dalam pengembangan Batman, Kane mengakui kontribusi Finger bertahun-tahun setelah kematian Finger.<ref name=thr-sept2015>{{cite news|title=DC Entertainment To Give Classic Batman Writer Credit in 'Gotham' and 'Batman v Superman' (Exclusive)|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/dc-entertainment-give-classic-batman-824572|work=The Hollywood Reporter|accessdate=21 September 2015 | archivedate=22 Oktober 2015| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151022181821/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/dc-entertainment-give-classic-batman-824572 | deadurl=no|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
Finger juga menulis banyak kisah Green Lantern asli tahun 1940-an yang menampilkan Green Lantern asli [[Alan Scott|(Alat Scott)]], dan berkontribusi pada pengembangan banyak seri buku komik lainnya.
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Dia secara anumerta dilantik ke dalam industri buku komik [[Jack Kirby Hall of Fame]] pada tahun 1994 dan Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame pada tahun 1999. [[Penghargaan Bill Finger]], didirikan oleh [[Jerry Robinson]] dan disajikan setiap tahun di [[San Diego Comic-Con]] untuk menghormati keunggulan dalam penulisan buku komik, dinamai untuknya.
== Awal
Bill Finger lahir di [[Denver, Colorado]],<ref name=fingerfamily /> dari keluarga [[Yahudi Amerika|Yahudi]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.njjewishnews.com/njjn.com/072408/ | first = Rabbi Simcha | last = Weinstein | date = July 24, 2008 | title = A Jewish 'Joker' | work = [[New Jersey Jewish News]]|location= Whippany, New Jersey| accessdate=2010-12-29 | archivedate = 18 Mei 2012 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120518174649/http://www.njjewishnews.com/njjn.com/072408/ltJewishJoker.html}}</ref> Ayahnya, Louis Finger (lahir 1890, [[Austria]]), beremigrasi ke AS pada tahun 1907.<ref name=fingerfamily /> Ibunya Tessie (lahir tahun 1893, New York City) juga melahirkan saudara perempuan Bill Finger, Emily dan Gilda.<ref name=fingerfamily /> Keluarga itu pindah ke [[The Bronx]], [[New York City]], di mana selama [[Depresi Besar|Depresi Hebat]] Louis Finger terpaksa menutup toko penjahitnya.<ref>Nobleman, ''Bill the Boy Wonder'', p. 2 (tak terhitung).</ref> Finger lulus dari [[DeWitt Clinton High School]] di The Bronx pada tahun 1933.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://noblemania.blogspot.cm/2012/08/bill-fingers-alma-mater-newsletter.html |first=Marc Tyler |last=Nobleman |date=19 Agustus 2012 |title=Bill Finger's alma mater newsletter |publisher=Noblemania |accessdate=2 Maret 2013 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EoLyvzKG?url=http://noblemania.blogspot.com/2012/08/bill-fingers-alma-mater-newsletter.html |archivedate=2 Maret 2013 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy-all }} Archive requires scrolldown.</ref><ref name=NNS>{{cite news|last1=Cruz|first1=David|title=Batman Co-Creator to Get Street Renaming|url=http://www.norwoodnews.org/id=24846&story=batman-co-creator-get-street-renaming/|accessdate=22 Desember 2017|work=Norwood News|date=7 Desember 2017}}{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
== Penghargaan ==
Finger dilantik secara anumerta ke dalam Jack Kirby Hall of Fame pada tahun 1994 dan [[Eisner Award|Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame]] pada tahun 1999.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.comic-con.org/awards/hall-fame-awards?page=2|title= Will Eisner Hall of Fame|year= 2014|publisher= [[Eisner Award|The Will Eisner Comic Industry Awards]]|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20140110104309/http://www.comic-con.org/awards/hall-fame-awards?page=2|archivedate= 10 Januari 2014|deadurl= no|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Pada tahun 1985, DC Comics menyebut Finger sebagai salah satu penerima penghargaan dalam publikasi peringatan 50 tahun perusahaan ''Fifty Who Made DC Great''.<ref>{{Cite comic| writer = Marx, Barry| cowriters = [[Joey Cavalieri|Cavalieri, Joey]] and Hill, Thomas| artist = Petruccio, Steven | editor = Marx, Barry| story = Bill Finger The Darknight Detective Emerges| title = Fifty Who Made DC Great| date = 1985| publisher = DC Comics| page = 11| panel = | id = }}</ref> Untuk menghormatinya, [[San Diego Comic-Con|Comic-Con International]] mendirikan Bill Finger Award for Excellence in Comic Book Writing, yang diberikan setiap tahun kepada "dua penerima — satu hidup dan satu almarhum — yang telah menghasilkan banyak karya di bidang komik.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.comic-con.org/awards/bill-finger-award-node | title = The Bill Finger Award for Excellence in Comic Book Writing | publisher = [[San Diego Comic-Con]] | accessdate = 2 Maret 2013 | year = 2013 | archivedate = 16 Januari 2013 | deadurl = no|df=mdy-all| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130116014411/http://comic-con.org/awards/bill-finger-award-node}}</ref> Finger secara anumerta menerima [[Penghargaan Inkpot]] pada 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.comic-con.org/awards/inkpot|title= Inkpot Award|date= 2016|publisher= San Diego Comic-Con|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20170129155249/http://www.comic-con.org/awards/inkpot|archivedate= 29 Januari 2017|deadurl= no|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
Pada 8 Desember 2017, sudut tenggara East 192nd Street dan Grand Concourse di Bronx dinamai "Bill Finger Way". Sudut dipilih karena kedekatannya dengan Poe Park, dimana Finger dan Kane biasa bertemu untuk membahas karakter Batman mereka.<ref name=NYTS>{{cite news|last1=Gustines|first1=George Gene|title=Out of the Batcave and Into the Bronx|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/13/nyregion/out-of-the-batcave-and-into-the-bronx.html?_r=0|accessdate=22 Desember 2017|work=New York Times|date=17 Desember 2017|page=MB1}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Mayorga|first1=Aaron|title=Brain Behind Batman Gets Street Renaming|url=http://www.norwoodnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Norwood-News-Vol.-30-No.-25.pdf|accessdate=22 Desember 2017|work=Norwood News|date=21 Desember 2017 |page=3}}</ref>
== Kehidupan pribadi ==
Finger menikah dua kali. Dia dan istri pertamanya Portia<ref>{{cite web |url=http://noblemania.blogspot.com/2013/02/after-npr-portia-fingers-friend-emerges.html |first=Marc Tyler |last=Nobleman |date=1 Februari 2013 |title=After NPR, Portia Finger’s friend emerges, part 1 |publisher=Noblemania |accessdate=1 Maret 2013 |archivedate=2 Maret 2013 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EoI9Apbx?url=http://noblemania.blogspot.com/2013/02/after-npr-portia-fingers-friend-emerges.html |deadurl=no |df=mdy-all }} [http://noblemania.blogspot.com/2013/02/after-npr-portia-fingers-friend-emerges_2.htmlPart 2], 2 February 2013.
Teman Finger, Charles Sinclair menemukannya meninggal di rumahnya di kondominium Allen House di 340 East 51st Street di Manhattan. Penyebab kematian adalah [[aterosklerosis|oklusi aterosklerosis koroner]]. Finger telah mengalami tiga serangan jantung: pada tahun 1963, 1970 dan 1973. Meskipun sudah lama dipercaya{{by whom|date=Desember 2017}} bahwa Finger dimakamkan di kuburan ladang pembuat tembikar, tubuhnya diklaim oleh putranya Fred, yang menghargai keinginannya untuk menjadi dikremasi,<ref>{{cite web| last=Schmidt |first=Dr. Donald H.| title= Report of Death: William Finger| publisher=Office of Chief Medical Examiner of the City of New York| date=June 18, 1974}} and {{cite web| title=Certificate of Death 156-74-101584: William M. Finger| publisher= Division of Records, Department of Health, City of New York}} via {{cite web|url=http://noblemania.blogspot.com/2012/07/bill-fingers-medical-examiner-report.html|first=Marc Tyler |last=Nobleman | title= Bill Finger’s Medical Examiner Report and Death Certificate|publisher=Noblemania|date=July 23, 2012|accessdate= 25 Januari 2017|archivedate= 17 Juni 2015| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20150617020946/http://noblemania.blogspot.com/2012/07/bill-fingers-medical-examiner-report.html|deadurl=no|df=mdy-all}}</ref> dan sebarkan abunya dalam bentuk kelelawar di pantai di Oregon.<ref name=":0">{{cite AV media | people= Don Argott, Sheena M. Joyce (directors)|title=Batman & Bill|year=2017| medium=motion picture|publisher=Hulu}}</ref>
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Fred Finger meninggal pada 13 Januari 1992,<ref name=":0" /> tetapi memiliki seorang putri, Athena, yang lahir dua tahun setelah kematian Bill Finger. Dia dan putranya adalah satu-satunya ahli waris yang dikenal Finger,<ref name=":0" /> dan karena itu ia berhasil menantang Warner Bros untuk memuji Finger sebagai co-creator Batman.<ref name="authorsnotep5-6">Nobleman, ''Bill the Boy Wonder'', "Author's Note" pp. 5-6.</ref>
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
== Bacaan lebih lanjut ==
* {{cite book | authorlink= Gerard Jones | last = Jones | first = Gerard | title = Men of Tomorrow: Geeks, Gangsters, and the Birth of the Comic Book | url= https://archive.org/details/menoftomorrowgee0000jone | publisher = [[Basic Books]] | year = 2004 | isbn= 0-465-03657-0}}
== Pranala luar ==
{{wikiquote}}
* {{comicbookdb|type=creator|id= 111|title= Bill Finger}}
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