Varian Beta SARS-CoV-2: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 1:
{{plain image with caption|image=501.V2 variant countries.svg|width=350|triangle=triangle|triangle color=#c80200|caption=Negara-negara dengan kasus terkonfirmasi varian Beta per 25 Juni 2021<ref>{{cite report |title=Global Report B.1.351 |date=25 Juni 2021 |url=https://cov-lineages.org/global_report_B.1.351.html |publisher=cov-lineages.org |access-date=25 Juni 2021 |language=en}}</ref><br />
'''Legenda:'''
{{legend|#510000|1.000+ kasus terkonfirmasi}}
{{legend|#900000|250–999 kasus terkonfirmasi}}
{{legend|#c80200|100–249 kasus terkonfirmasi}}
{{legend|#ee7070|10–99 kasus terkonfirmasi}}
{{legend|#ffc0c0|2–9 kasus terkonfirmasi}}
{{legend|#ffdfe0|1 kasus terkonfirmasi}}
{{legend|#e0e0e0|Tidak ada atau tiada data}}}}
{{COVID-19 pandemic sidebar}}
'''Varian Beta SARS-CoV-2''', juga dikenal sebagai '''garis keturunan B.1.351''' atau '''501.V2''', adalah [[varian (biologi)|varian]] dari [[Koronavirus sindrom pernapasan akut berat 2|SARS-CoV-2]], virus yang menyebabkan [[Penyakit koronavirus 2019|Covid-19]]. Varian ini termasuk [[Varian SARS-CoV-2|varian yang dianggap penting]]. Ia ditemukan pertama kali di Teluk Nelson Mandela,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/kwazulu-natal/sa-reaches-grim-milestone-of-1-million-covid-19-cases-a01906de-5442-451c-932f-84d6fc381b84 |title=SA reaches grim milestone of 1 million Covid-19 cases |date=28 Desember 2020 |publisher=www.iol.co.za |access-date=29 Desember 2020 |language=en}}</ref> [[Eastern Cape|Provinsi Eastern Cape]], [[Afrika Selatan]], pada Oktober 2020<ref>{{cite news |title=Covid: South Africa passes one million infections as cases surge |date=28 Desember 2020 |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55462863 |access-date=29 Desember 2020 |language=en-GB}}</ref> dan dilaporkan oleh [[Departemen Kesehatan (Afrika Selatan)|departemen kesehatan]] negara tersebut pada 18 Desember 2020.<ref name="nytimes">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/19/world/south-africa-announces-a-new-coronavirus-variant.html |title=South Africa announces a new coronavirus variant |date=18 Desember 2020 |access-date=20 December 2020 |publisher=[[The New York Times]] |quote=N501Y...has been found in other countries, including Australia |language=en}}</ref> [[Filogeografi|Analisis filogeografi]] menunjukkan bahwa varian ini telah muncul di daerah Teluk Nelson Mandela sejak Juli atau Agustus 2020.<ref name="Tegally21">{{cite journal |last1=Tegally |first1=Houriiyah |display-authors=et.al |date=9 Maret 2021 |title=Detection of a SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern in South Africa |journal=Nature |volume=592 |pp=438–443 |doi=10.1038/s41586-021-03402-9 |doi-access=free |language=en}}</ref>
[[Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia]] (WHO) melabeli varian ini sebagai varian '''Beta''' bukan untuk menggantikan nama ilmiah, melainkan sebagai nama yang dipakai secara umum di ruang publik.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.who.int/activities/tracking-SARS-CoV-2-variants |title=Tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants |website=www.who.int |access-date=30 Juni 2021 |language=en}}</ref> WHO menganggapnya sebagai varian yang diwaspadai (''variant of concern'').<ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/Kemdikbud_RI/status/1415658435287289856 |author=Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia |date=15 Juli 2021 |title=#MerdekaBelajar di Twitter |website=Twitter |access-date=18 Juli 2021 |quote=Varian tersebut terbagi atas dua kategori, yakni varian yang diperhatikan (''variant of interest'' [VoI]) dan varian yang diwaspadai (''variant of concern'' [VoC]).}}</ref>
== Penemuan ==
Tim genomik yang dipimpin oleh KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP) di [[Universitas KwaZulu-Natal]] menemukan varian baru ini.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://theconversation.com/south-african-scientists-who-discovered-new-covid-19-variant-share-what-they-know-153313 |title=South African scientists who discovered new Covid-19 variant share what they know |website=www.theconversation.com |access-date=1 Maret 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Varian ini ditemukan dengan [[pengurutan keseluruhan genom]]. Urutan genomik garis keturunan ini dikumpulkan ke pangkalan data urutan [[GISAID]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/covid-19-risk-assessment-spread-new-sars-cov-2-variants-eueea |title=Risk Assessment: Risk related to spread of new SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in the EU/EEA |date=29 Desember 2020 |website=www.ecdc.europa.eu |access-date=23 Januari 2021 |quote=This variant was first observed in samples from October, and since then more than 300 cases with the 501.V2 variant have been confirmed by whole genome sequencing (WGS) in South Africa |language=en}}</ref>
==
=== Gejala ===
{{empty section|date=Juli 2021}}
=== Transmisi ===
Peneliti dan pihak berwenang melaporkan bahwa prevalensi varian ini lebih tinggi di antara orang muda dengan tanpa keadaan kesehatan tertentu dan sering menyebabkan penyakit serius dalam beberapa kasus dibandingkan varian lain.<ref name="post">{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/south-africa-coronavirus-second-wave/2020/12/18/d4a51aec-3ff7-11eb-b58b-1623f6267960_story.html |last1=Wroughton |first1=Lesley |last2=Bearak |first2=Max |date=18 Desember 2020 |title=South Africa coronavirus: Second wave fueled by new strain, teen 'rage festivals' |work=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=20 Desember 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |last=Mkhize |first=Dr. Zwelini |date=18 Desember 2020 |title=Update on Covid-19 (18th December 2020) |location=South Africa |agency=COVID-19 South African Online Portal |url=https://sacoronavirus.co.za/2020/12/18/update-on-covid-19-18th-december-2020/ |access-date=23 Desember 2020 |quote=Our clinicians have also warned us that things have changed and that younger, previously healthy people are now becoming very sick. |language=en}}</ref> Departemen Kesehatan Afrika Selatan juga menyatakan bahwa varian ini mungkin menjadi mendorong gelombang kedua [[Pandemi COVID-19 di Afrika Selatan|pandemi di negaranya]] karena varian ini menyebar lebih cepat daripada varian lain sebelumnya.<ref name="nytimes"/><ref name="post"/>
=== Genetika ===
{{plain image with caption|image=SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant.svg|width=1024|align=center|triangle=triangle|triangle color=#1abc31|caption=Mutasi asam amino varian Beta SARS-CoV-2 yang dipetakan pada peta genom SARS-CoV-2 dengan sorotan pada bagian bulir}}
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" align="right" style="max-width: 324px; text-align: center;"
|+ {{nowrap|Mutasi pada varian Beta}}<br />(hanya yang mengubah asam amino)<br />
! [[Gen]]
! [[Nukleotida]]
! [[Asam amino]]
|-
! rowspan="8" | [[Rangka baca terbuka|ORF1ab]]
| C1059T || T265I
|-
| G5230T || K1655N
|-
| C8660T || H2799Y
|-
| C8964T || S2900L
|-
| A10323G || K3353R
|-
| G13843T || D4527Y
|-
| C14408T<sup>1</sup> || P4715L<sup>1</sup>
|-
| C17999T || T5912I
|-
! rowspan="9" | [[Bulir (virus)|Bulir]]
| C21614T || L18F
|-
| A21801C || D80A
|-
| A22206G || D215G
|-
| G22299T || R246I
|-
| G22813T || K417N
|-
| G23012A || [[E484K]]
|-
| A23063T || N501Y
|-
| A23403G<sup>1</sup> || D614G<sup>1</sup>
|-
| G23664T || A701V
|-
! rowspan="2" | ORF3a
| G25563T || Q57H
|-
| C25904T || S171L
|-
! [[Selubung virus|E]]
| C26456T || P71L
|-
! [[Kapsid|N]]
| C28887T || T205I
|- style="font-size: smaller; text-align: left;" class="sortbottom"
| colspan="3" | Sumber: Tegally dkk. (2021),<ref name="Tegally21" /> Extended Data Fig. 5
|- style="font-size: smaller; text-align: left;" class="sortbottom"
| colspan="3" | Catatan:<br />N501Y berarti perubahan dari [[asparagina]] (N) menjadi [[tirosina]] (Y) pada posisi [[asam amino]] 501.<ref>Untuk daftar simbol asam amino α yang dipakai dalam protein sesuai arahan RNA duta, lihat ini: {{cite web |url=http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/AminoAcid/AA1n2.html |title=Nomenclature and Symbolism for Amino Acids and Peptides |year=1983 |publisher=IUPAC-IUB Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature |access-date=5 Maret 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081009023202/http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/AminoAcid/AA1n2.html |archive-date=9 Oktober 2008 |url-status=dead |language=en}}</ref><br /><sup>1</sup>Muncul dalam induk garis keturunan B.1.
|}
[[Mutasi]] pada [[Koronavirus sindrom pernapasan akut berat 2|SARS-CoV-2]] cukup sering: lebih dari empat ribu mutasi telah dideteksi hanya pada bulir proteinnya menurut [[Konsorsium Britania Raya untuk Genom COVID-19]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Wise |first=Jacqui |date=16 Desember 2020 |title=Covid-19: New coronavirus variant is identified in UK |journal=[[The BMJ]] |volume=371 |pages=m4857 |issn=1756-1833 |s2cid=229291003 |doi=10.1136/bmj.m4857 |doi-access=free |url=https://www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4857 |language=en}}</ref>
Varian ini terdiri dari 31 mutasi: 19 mutasi tak bersinonim, 2 mutasi hapus, dan 10 mutasi bersinonim,<ref name="Tegally21" /> yaitu 21 mutasi yang mengubah protein dan 10 mutasi yang tidak berdampak.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rachmawati |first1=Faidah |last2=Urifah |first2=Nurul |last3=Wijayati |first3=Ari |year=2009 |title=Biologi untuk SMA/MA Kelas XII Program IPA |location=Jakarta |publisher=Pusat Perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan Nasional}}</ref>
Ilmuwan mencatat bahwa varian ini bisa lebih mudah menempel pada sel manusia karena tiga mutasi dalam domain pengikat reseptor (RBD) pada bulir virus, yaitu N501Y,<ref name="nytimes"/><ref name="caprisa">{{cite web |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/488618010/Full-Presentation-by-SSAK-18-Dec |last=Abdool Karim |first=Salim |date=19 Desember 2020 |title=The 2nd Covid-19 wave in South Africa: Transmissibility & a 501.V2 variant |page=11 |website=[[Scribd]] |publisher=[[CAPRISA]] |access-date=24 Desember 2020 |language=en}}</ref> K417N, dan [[E484K]].<ref>{{citation |title=Statement of the WHO Working Group on COVID-19 Animal Models (WHO-COM) about the UK and South African SARS-CoV-2 new variants |date=22 Desember 2020 |publisher=World Health Organization |url=https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/blue-print/who-com-statement_new-variant_rev1.pdf?sfvrsn=b87c0ad8_3&download=true |access-date=23 Desember 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2020/12/22/the-new-mutations |last=Lowe |first=Derek |date=22 Desember 2020 |title=The New Mutations |website=In The Pipeline |publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science |access-date=23 Desember 2020 |quote=I should note here that there’s another strain in South Africa that is bringing on similar concerns. This one has eight mutations in the Spike protein, with three of them (K417N, E484K and N501Y) that may have some functional role. |language=en |archive-date=2021-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129073128/https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2020/12/22/the-new-mutations |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Dua di antaranya, [[E484K]] dan N501Y, ada dalam motif pengikat reseptor (RBM) dari domain pengikat reseptor (RBD).<ref name="Tegally21" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-south-african-variant-of-sars-cov-2-as-mentioned-by-matt-hancock-at-the-downing-street-press-briefing/ |title=Expert reaction to South African variant of SARS-CoV-2 |publisher=Science Media Centre |access-date=26 Desember 2020 |language=en}}</ref> Mutasi N501Y juga ada dalam [[Varian Alpha SARS-CoV-2|varian Alpha]] dan [[Varian Gamma SARS-CoV-2|Gamma]].
== Efikasi vaksin ==
Perubahan asam amino [[E484K]], sebuah mutasi domain pengikat reseptor (RBD), dilaporkan berhubungan dengan kaburnya dari antibodi penetral yang bisa berdampak buruk terhadap efikasi vaksin Covid-19 yang bergantung pada protein bulir.<ref>{{cite news |title=New virus mutation raises vaccine questions |date=13 Januari 2021 |location=Paris |work=[[France 24]] |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210113-new-virus-mutation-raises-vaccine-questions |access-date=13 Januari 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Callaway |first=Ewen |date=7 Januari 2021 |title=Could new COVID variants undermine vaccines? Labs scramble to find out |work=Nature |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00031-0 |access-date=17 Januari 2021 |quote=Chief among those is another receptor-binding-domain mutation, called E484K, that de Oliveira’s team has identified in the 501Y.V2 variant. |language=en}}</ref> Mutasi bulir E484K dikaitkan dengan kasus reinfeksi dengan varian Beta di Brazil yang diyakini para peneliti sebagai kasus reinfeksi pertama untuk varian ini.<ref name="ReutersBrazil">{{cite news |title=South African coronavirus variant detected in reinfection case in Brazil |date=8 Januari 2021 |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-brazil-reinfection/south-african-coronavirus-variant-detected-in-reinfection-case-in-brazil-idUSKBN29D33S |access-date=11 Januari 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Peluang perubahan dalam antigenisitas disebut sebagai "mutasi kabur" dari antibodi monoklonal yang mampu menetralkan protein bulir varian SARS-CoV-2.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Weisblum |first1=Yiska |display-authors=et.al |date=20 Oktober 2020 |title=Escape from neutralizing antibodies by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants |journal=eLife |volume=9 |pmc=7723407 |doi=10.7554/eLife.61312 |doi-access=free |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |title=Brief report: New Variant Strain of SARS-CoV-2 Identified in Travelers from Brazil |date=12 Januari 2021 |location=Jepang |publisher=NIID (National Institute of Infectious Diseases) |url=https://www.niid.go.jp/niid/images/epi/corona/covid19-33-en-210112.pdf |access-date=16 Januari 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
== Statistik ==
{| class="dapat diurutkan menurut wiki"
! colspan="3" | Kasus menurut negara (Diperbarui per 21 Juli 2021) GISAID<ref name="CovLineages1Jul" />
|-
! lingkup="kol" | Negara
! lingkup="kol" | Kasus terkonfirmasi
! lingkup="kol" | Tanggal Koleksi
|-
|Angola
|401
|22 April 2021
|-
|Argentina
| 1
|24 April 2021
|-
|Aruba
|4
|10 April 2021
|-
|Australia
|73
|28 Juni 2021
|-
|Austria
|260
|8 Juni 2021
|-
|Bahrain
| 1
|9 April 2021
|-
|Bangladesh
|56
|16 Juni 2021
|-
| Belgia
|1.075
|14 Juni 2021
|-
|Bosnia dan Herzegovina
| 1
|11 Februari 2021
|-
|Botswana
|342
|27 Juni 2021
|-
|Brasil
|6
|5 April 2021
|-
|Brunei
| 1
|20 Januari 2021
|-
|Bulgaria
|2
|9 Juni 2021
|-
|Kamboja
| 1
|31 Mei 2021
|-
|Kamerun
|9
| 1 Maret 2021
|-
|Kanada
|860
|21 Juni 2021
|-
|Cile
|4
|22 Mei 2021
|-
|Cina
|89
|4 Juni 2021
|-
|Kolombia
| 1
|13 April 2021
|-
|Kosta Rika
|12
|4 Mei 2021
|-
|Pantai Gading
|1
|6 Maret 2021
|-
|Kroasia
|41
|
|-
|Republik Ceko
|71
|10 Juni 2021
|-
|Republik Demokratik Kongo
|30
|20 April 2021
|-
|Denmark
|121
|29 Juni 2021
|-
|Djibouti
|22
|9 April 2021
|-
|Guinea Khatulistiwa
|43
|1 April 2021
|-
|Estonia
|37
|23 April 2021
|-
|Eswatini
|26
|23 Maret 2021
|-
|Finlandia
|1,123
|21 Mei 2021
|-
|Prancis
|2.149
|23 Juni 2021
|-
|Guyana Prancis
|2
|7 April 2021
|-
|Gabon
|4
|21 Februari 2021
|-
|Georgia
| 1
|23 Mei 2021
|-
|Jerman
|2.231
|19 Juni 2021
|-
|Ghana
|17
|8 April 2021
|-
|Yunani
|19
|29 April 2021
|-
|Guadeloupe
|4
|25 Mei 2021
|-
|Guam
|3
|28 April 2021
|-
|Guinea Bissau
|1
|1 Februari 2021
|-
|India
|208
|14 Juni 2021
|-
|Indonesia
|10
|2 Juni 2021
|-
|Iran
|2
|3 April 2021
|-
|Irak
| 1
|26 Februari 2021
|-
|Irlandia
|69
|19 April 2021
|-
|Israel
|240
|28 Mei 2021
|-
|Italia
|69
|1 Juni 2021
|-
|Jepang
|89
|13 Juni 2021
|-
|Yordania
|2
|18 April 2021
|-
|Kenya
|178
|31 Mei 2021
|-
|Kuwait
| 1
|21 Juni 2021
|-
|Latvia
|9
|13 Mei 2021
|-
|Lesotho
|14
|18 Januari 2021
|-
|Lituania
|11
|9 April 2021
|-
|Luksemburg
|744
|22 Mei 2021
|-
|Malawi
|312
|16 April 2021
|-
|Malaysia
|161
|10 Juni 2021
|-
|Malta
|3
|1 Juni 2021
|-
|Martinik
|2
|28 April 2021
|-
|Mauritius
|7
|12 Maret 2021
|-
|Mayotte
|32
|31 Januari 2021
|-
|Meksiko
|20
|16 Mei 2021
|-
|Mozambik
|328
|22 April 2021
|-
|Namibia
|9
|
|-
|Belanda
|693
|27 Mei 2021
|-
|Selandia Baru
|31
|25 Juni 2021
|-
|Makedonia Utara
|1
|10 Maret 2021
|-
|Norwegia
|362
|11 Juni 2021
|-
|Pakistan
|35
|5 Juni 2021
|-
|Panama
|2
|12 Januari 2021
|-
|Filipina
|1,213
|8 April 2021
|-
|Polandia
|45
|7 Juni 2021
|-
|Portugal
|99
|2 Juni 2021
|-
|Qatar
|650
|18 Mei 2021
|-
|Reuni
|400
|19 Juni 2021
|-
|Rumania
|7
|26 Mei 2021
|-
|Rusia
|23
|12 Juni 2021
|-
|Rwanda
|39
|15 Juni 2021
|-
|Arab Saudi
|3
|15 April 2021
|-
|Singapura
|100
|25 Juni 2021
|-
|Sint Maarten
|1
|24 Maret 2021
|-
|Slovakia
|31
|27 Mei 2021
|-
|Slovenia
|31
|6 April 2021
|-
|Somalia
|1
|
|-
|Afrika Selatan
|6.154
|21 Juni 2021
|-
|Korea Selatan
|19
|17 April 2021
|-
|Sudan Selatan
|3
|24 April 2021
|-
|Spanyol
|588
|18 Juni 2021
|-
|Sri Lanka
|4
|26 Maret 2021
|-
|Suriname
|5
|31 Maret 2021
|-
|Swedia
|2,322
|17 Juni 2021
|-
|Swiss
|225
|22 Juni 2021
|-
|Taiwan
|3
|26 April 2021
|-
|Thailand
|40
|25 Mei 2021
|-
|Togo
|2
|5 Februari 2021
|-
|Tunisia
| 1
|24 April 2021
|-
|Turki
|912
|24 Mei 2021
|-
|Uganda
|13
|2 April 2021
|-
|Uni Emirat Arab
|6
|27 April 2021
|-
|Britania Raya
|812
|24 Juni 2021
|-
|AS
|2.454
|28 Juni 2021
|-
|Zambia
|161
|28 April 2021
|-
|Zimbabwe
|331
|26 Februari 2021
|-
|Dunia (103 negara)
|Jumlah: '''28.380'''
|<small>Total per 21 Juli 2021</small>
|}
== Penyebaran ==
{{kembangkan bagian|date=Juli 2021}}
Pada 23 Desember 2020, Menteri Kesehatan Britania Raya, [[Matt Hancock]], mengumumkan bahwa dua orang yang berkunjung dari Afrika Selatan ke Britania Raya terinfeksi dengan varian Beta (varian 501.V2).<ref name="hancock">{{cite web |url=https://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-south-african-variant-of-sars-cov-2-as-mentioned-by-matt-hancock-at-the-downing-street-press-briefing/ |title=Expert reaction to South African variant of SARS-CoV-2, as mentioned by Matt Hancock at the Downing Street press briefing |date=23 Desember 2020 |publisher=Science Media Centre |access-date=24 Desember 2020 |quote=The South African variant ‘501.V2’ is characterised by N501Y, E484K and K417N mutations in the S protein – so it shares the N501Y mutation with the UK variant, but the other two mutations are not found in the UK variant. Similarly, the South African variant does not contain the 69-70del mutation that is found in the UK variant. |language=en}}</ref>
Pada 3 Mei 2021, varian ini telah masuk ke Indonesia.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2021/05/04/06435261/varian-virus-corona-b117-b1617-dan-b1351-telah-masuk-ke-indonesia?page=all |last=Nugraheny |first=Dian Erika |editor-last=Prabowo |editor-first=Dani |date=4 Mei 2021 |title=Varian Virus Corona B.1.17, B.1.617, dan B.1.351 Telah Masuk ke Indonesia |publisher=Kompas.com |access-date=29 Juni 2021}}</ref> {{data kasus varian SARS-CoV-2 di Indonesia|varian=Beta}}
== Lihat pula ==
{{portal|Penyakit koronavirus 2019|Kedokteran|Virus}}
* [[Varian SARS-CoV-2]]
* [[Varian Alpha SARS-CoV-2]]
* [[Varian Gamma SARS-CoV-2]]
* [[Varian Delta SARS-CoV-2]]
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
== Pranala luar ==
{{scholia}}
* {{en}} [https://www.cogconsortium.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Report-2_COG-UK_SARS-CoV-2-Mutations.pdf Laporan COG-UK tentang Mutasi Penting Bulir SARS-CoV-2 di Britania Raya]
* {{en}} [https://cov-lineages.org/global_report_B.1.351.html Garis keturunan PANGO: Laporan Varian Baru - Laporan persebaran global garis keturunan B.1.351]
* {{en}} [https://www.gisaid.org/hcov19-variants/ Pangkalan data pengurutan GISAID - Pelacakan varian Covid-19]
{{portal bar|Penyakit koronavirus 2019|Kedokteran|Virus}}
{{COVID-19}}
{{authority control}}
[[Kategori:Varian SARS-CoV-2]]
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