Aras lebanon: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
JohnThorne (bicara | kontrib) →Sejarah, simbolisme dan penggunaan: Perbaikan kode |
k Perbaikan untuk PW:CW (Fokus: Minor/komestika; 1, 48, 64) + genfixes |
||
| (18 revisi perantara oleh 10 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1:
{{Taxobox
| name = ''
| status = VU | status_system = IUCN3.1
| image = Libanonzeder.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = Aras
| regnum = [[
| divisio = [[Pinophyta]]
| classis = [[Pinophyta|Pinopsida]]
Baris 14:
| binomial = ''Cedrus libani''
| binomial_authority = [[A.Rich.]]
}}
'''
▲'''''Cedrus libani''''' (atau '''Aras Libanon''') adalah spesies [[cedrus|cedar]] yang berasal dari kawasan [[Mediterania]].<ref name=farjon>Farjon, A. (1990). ''Pinaceae. Drawings and Descriptions of the Genera''. Koeltz Scientific Books ISBN 3-87429-298-3.</ref><ref name=med>[[Werner Greuter|Greuter, W.]], Burdet, H. M., & Long, G. (eds.), (1984). Med-Checklist – A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum-mediterranean countries. [http://ww2.bgbm.org/mcl/PTaxonDetail.asp?NameId=781&PTRefFk=1273 ''Cedrus libani'']</ref><ref>{{IUCN2006|assessors=Conifer Specialist Group|year=1998|id=42305|title=Cedrus libani|downloaded=12 May 2006}}</ref>
<!-- The Cedars Nature Reserves in Lebanon were candidates in the New 7 Wonders of Nature competition but were eliminated at the end of the first stage while the [[Jeita Grotto]] was chosen as the Lebanese national candidate.<ref>[http://www.new7wonders.com/nature/en/ New7wonders.com]</ref> -->
Ada dua tipe ''Cedrus libani'' berbeda yang dianggap sebagai [[subspesies]] atau [[varietas]]:
* '''Aras
* '''Aras
== Pemerian ==
[[
''Cedrus libani'' adalah pohon [[Pinophyta|''coniferous'']] [[evergreen]], yang tumbuh sampai setinggi {{convert|40|m|ft|abbr=on}}; batangnya mempunyai garis tengah sampai {{convert|2.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. Pucuk pohon berbentuk kerucut ketika masih muda, kemudian melebar menyamping sejalan dengan bertambahnya usia dengan cabang-cabang yang tumbuh merata.
Tunas-tunasnya
-->
== Taksonomi ==
''Cedrus libani'' pertama kali diklasifikasikan oleh ahli botani
== Ekologi ==
Di Suriah,
== Sejarah, simbolisme dan penggunaan ==
[[
[[
Aras
Imam-imam Ibrani diperintahkan dalam [[Taurat]] [[Musa]] untuk menggunakan kulit kayu aras
<!--
Over the centuries, extensive [[deforestation]] has occurred, with only small remnants of the original forests surviving. Deforestation has been particularly severe in Lebanon and on Cyprus; on Cyprus, only small trees up to {{convert|25|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall survive, though [[Pliny the Elder]] recorded cedars {{convert|40|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall there.<ref name=willan>Willan, R. G. N. (1990). The Cyprus Cedar. ''Int. Dendrol. Soc. Yearbk''. 1990: 115-118.</ref> Extensive [[forestry|reforestation]] of cedar is carried out in the Mediterranean region, particularly [[Turkey]], where over 50 million young cedars are being planted annually.<ref>Anon. ''History of Turkish Forestry''. Turkish Ministry of Forestry.</ref> The Lebanese populations are also now expanding through a combination of replanting and protection of natural regeneration from browsing by [[goat]]s, hunting, forest fires, and woodworms.<ref name=khuri>Khuri, S., & Talhouk, S. N. (1999). Cedar of Lebanon. Pages 108-111 in Farjon, A., & Page, C. N. ''Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan: Conifers''. IUCN/SSC Conifer Specialist Group. ISBN 2-8317-0465-0.</ref> <br style="clear:both;">
Baris 46 ⟶ 45:
Historically, there were various attempts at conserving the Lebanon Cedars. The first was made by the Roman Emperor [[Hadrian]], who issued a decree protecting parts of the Cedars of Lebanon in AD 118. In the Middle Ages, the [[Mamluk]] [[Caliphate|Caliphs]] also made an attempt at conserving the Cedars and regulating their use, followed by the [[Maronite Church|Maronite]] Patriarch [[Yusuf Hbaych]], who placed them under his protection in 1832. In 1876, Queen Victoria financed a wall to protect the [[Cedars of God]] (near [[Bsharri]]) from the ravages of goat herding.
-->
=== Nilai penting nasional dan regional ===
[[
Aras
<!--
As a result of long exploitation, few old trees remain in Lebanon, but there is now an active program to conserve and regenerate the forests. The Lebanese approach has emphasized natural regeneration rather than planting, and this by creating the right conditions. The Lebanese state has created several Cedar Reserves or nature reserves that contain cedars, including the Chouf Cedar Reserves, the Jaj Cedar Reserve, the Tannourine Reserve, the Ammouaa and Karm Shbat Reserves in the [[Akkar]] district, forest Horsh Ehden near the village of Ehden and the Forest of the [[Cedars of God]] near [[Bsharri]].<ref>Talhouk, S. N. & Zurayk, S. 2003. Conifer conservation in Lebanon. ''Acta Hort.'' 615: 411-414.</ref><ref>Semaan, M. & Haber, R. 2003. In situ conservation on ''Cedrus libani'' in Lebanon. ''Acta Hort.'' 615: 415-417.</ref><ref>[http://www.shoufcedar.org/ Cedars of Lebanon Nature Reserve]</ref> Extensive replanting is taking place in Turkey, where approximately {{convert|300|km2|acre}} of cedar are planted annually.<ref name=khuri />
Baris 56 ⟶ 55:
Alarmingly, very mature specimens drop branches - perhaps weighing two or three tons - without warning and not necessarily in bad weather. As a result, you may see one where risk to life is more likely, i.e. overhanging pavements or road junctions with restraining 'harnesses' on branches run back up to the central trunk.
-->
Tumbuhan ini telah mendapatkan penghargaan
== Lihat pula ==
Baris 64 ⟶ 63:
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
== Pranala luar ==
{{Commons category}}
{{Library resources about |by=no |onlinebooks=yes |others=yes |about=yes |label=Cedrus libani
|viaf= |lccn= |lcheading= |wikititle= }}
*[http://www.euforgen.org/species/cedrus-libani/ ''Cedrus libani''] – informasi, unit konservasi genetik dan sumber daya terkait. [[European Forest Genetic Resources Programme]] (EUFORGEN)
{{Taxonbar|from=Q61105}}
[[Kategori:Cedrus|libani]]
Baris 72 ⟶ 79:
[[Kategori:Flora Maroko]]
[[Kategori:Flora Turki]]
[[Kategori:
[[Kategori:Mitologi Mesopotamia]]
[[Kategori:Epos Gilgamesh]]
| |||