Punggok: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
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| name = Punggok
| image = Boobook Owl (Ninox boobook) (22383289369).jpg
| image_caption = [[Punggok kokodok]], ''Ninox
| status =
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref =
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
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| genus_authority = [[Brian Houghton Hodgson|Hodgson]], 1837
}}
'''Punggok''' atau '''pungguk'''<ref>KBBI Daring:
== Spesies dan anak-jenis ==
[[
Marga ''Ninox'' banyak [[spesies|berspesiasi]] di pulau-pulau yang relatif kecil.
Anggota-anggota marga ''Ninox'' beserta agihannya, adalah sbb.<ref name=ioc-owls>{{aut|Gill F., D. Donsker & P. Rasmussen}} (Eds). (2020).
* [[Punggok merah]], ''Ninox rufa'' (Gould, 1846)
** ''N. r. rufa'' (Gould, 1846), menyebar di [[Australia]] barat laut
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** ''N. c. assimilis'' Salvadori & D'Albertis, 1875. [[Merauke]], [[Papua Nugini]], pulau-pulau Manam, Karkar dan Daru
** ''N. c. peninsularis'' Salvadori, 1876. Australia utara
** ''N. c. rufostrigata'' (Gray, GR, 1861).
* [[Punggok wengi]], '' Ninox rudolfi'' Meyer, AB, 1882.
* [[Punggok kokodok]], ''Ninox boobook'' (Latham, 1801)
** ''N. b. boobook'' (Latham, 1801).
** ''N. b. moae'' Mayr, 1943. Pulau-pulau Moa, Leti dan Romang; sebelah timur [[Pulau Timor|P. Timor]]
** ''N. b. cinnamomina'' Hartert, 1906.
** ''N. b. remigialis'' Stresemann, 1930. [[Kepulauan Kai]] (Cat.: ''N. b. remigialis'' mungkin merupakan anak jenis punggok gonggong ''N. connivens'' (Gwee et al. 2018))
** ''N. b. pusilla'' Mayr & Rand, 1935. Papua bagian selatan
** ''N. b. ocellata'' (Bonaparte, 1850). [[Sawu]], dan Australia (kecuali pantai timur)
** ''N. b. halmaturina'' Mathews, 1912. P. Kanguru (Australia selatan)
** ''N. b. lurida'' De Vis, 1887.
* [[Punggok rote]], ''Ninox rotiensis'' Johnstone, RE & Darnell, JC, 1997. [[Rote]] <!--Split from Australian [Southern] Boobook N. boobook based on genetics and vocals (Gwee et al. 2017)-->
* [[Punggok timor]], ''Ninox fusca'' (Vieillot, 1817). [[Timor]] <!--Split from Australian [Southern] Boobook N. boobook based on genetics and vocals (Gwee et al. 2017)-->
* [[Punggok alor]], ''Ninox plesseni'' Stresemann, 1929. [[Alor]] <!--Split from Australian [Southern] Boobook N. boobook based on genetics and vocals (Gwee et al. 2017)-->
* [[Punggok selandia-baru]], '' Ninox novaeseelandiae'' (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
** ''N. n. novaeseelandiae'' (Gmelin, JF, 1788).
** ''N. n. leucopsis'' (Gould, 1838). [[Tasmania]]
** ''N. n. undulata'' (Latham, 1801), [[punggok norfolk]].
** ''N. n. albaria'' Ramsay, EP, 1888, [[punggok Lord Howe]]. [[Pulau Lord Howe]] (punah, 1950an)
* [[Punggok cokelat]], '' Ninox scutulata'' (Raffles, 1822)
** ''N. s. scutulata'' (Raffles, 1822). [[Semenanjung Malaya]], [[Kepulauan Riau]], [[
** ''N. s. lugubris'' (Tickell, 1833). [[India]] tengah, utara dan timur laut;
** ''N. s. burmanica'' Hume, 1876. India timur laut hingga ke [[Cina]] selatan, [[Indocina]] dan [[Thailand]]
** ''N. s. hirsuta'' (Temminck, 1824). India selatan, [[Srilangka]]
** ''N. s. isolata'' Baker, ECS, 1926. [[Car Nikobar]]
** ''N. s. rexpimenti'' Abdulali, 1979.
** ''N. s. javanensis'' Stresemann, 1928.
** ''N. s. borneensis'' (Bonaparte, 1850).
** ''N. s. palawanensis'' Ripley & Rabor, 1962.
* [[Punggok utara]], ''Ninox japonica'' (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) <!-- including florensis and totogo is split from N. scutulata (King 2002) -->
** ''N. j. florensis'' (Wallace, 1864).
** ''N. j. japonica'' (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844).
** ''N. j. totogo'' Momiyama, 1931.
* [[Punggok filipina]], ''Ninox randi'' Deignan, 1951.
* [[Punggok suram]], ''Ninox obscura'' Hume, 1872.
* [[Punggok andaman]], ''Ninox affinis'' Beavan, 1867.
* [[Punggok luzon]], ''Ninox philippensis'' Bonaparte, 1855 <!-- Revisions of the Philippine Hawk-Owl species complex follow Rasmussen et al. 2012 -->
** ''N. p. philippensis'' Bonaparte, 1855.
** ''N. p. ticaoensis'' duPont, 1972.
** ''N. p. centralis'' Mayr, 1945.
* [[Punggok mindanao]], ''Ninox spilocephala'' Tweeddale, 1879.
* [[Punggok mindoro]], ''Ninox mindorensis'' Ogilvie-Grant, 1896.
* [[Punggok romblon]], ''Ninox spilonotus'' Bourns & Worcester, 1894.
** ''N. s. spilonotus'' Bourns & Worcester, 1894. Sibuyan
** ''N. s. fisheri'' Rasmussen et al., 2012. Kep. Tablas
* [[Punggok cebu]], ''Ninox rumseyi'' Rasmussen et al., 2012.
* [[Punggok kamiguin]], ''Ninox leventisi'' Rasmussen et al., 2012.
* [[Punggok sulu]], ''Ninox reyi'' Oustalet, 1880.
* [[Punggok oker]], '' Ninox ochracea'' (Schlegel, 1866).
* [[Punggok minahasa]], ''Ninox ios'' Rasmussen, 1999.
* [[Punggok maluku]], ''Ninox squamipila'' (Bonaparte, 1850).
* [[Punggok buru]], ''Ninox hantu'' (Wallace, 1863).
* [[Punggok halmahera]], ''Ninox hypogramma'' (Gray, GR, 1861).
* [[Punggok tanimbar]], ''Ninox forbesi'' Sclater, PL, 1883.
* [[Punggok christmas]], ''Ninox natalis'' Lister, 1889.
* [[Punggok rimba]], ''Ninox theomacha'' (Bonaparte, 1855)
** ''N. t. theomacha'' (Bonaparte, 1855).
** ''N. t. goldii'' Gurney Sr, 1883.
** ''N. t. rosseliana'' Tristram, 1889.
* [[Punggok Manus]], ''Ninox meeki'' Rothschild & Hartert, 1914.
* [[Punggok tutul]], ''Ninox punctulata'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832).
* [[Punggok New Ireland]], ''Ninox variegata'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832).
** ''N. v. variegata'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832).
** ''N. v. superior'' Hartert, 1925.
* [[Punggok New Britain]], ''Ninox odiosa'' Sclater, PL, 1877.
* [[Punggok solomon]], ''Ninox jacquinoti'' (Bonaparte, 1850).
** ''N. j. jacquinoti'' (Bonaparte, 1850).
** ''N. j. eichhorni'' (Hartert, 1929). Buka, Bougainville dan Choiseul
** ''N. j. mono'' Mayr, 1935.
** ''N. j. floridae'' Mayr, 1935.
** ''N. j. granti'' Sharpe, 1888.
** ''N. j. malaitae'' Mayr, 1931.
** ''N. j. roseoaxillaris'' (Hartert, 1929). Bauro dan Kep. San Cristóbal
* [[Punggok sumba]], ''Ninox sumbaensis'' Olsen, Wink, Sauer-Gürth & Trost, 2002.
== Pengecualian ==
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== Bacaan lanjut ==
* {{cite journal | last=Gwee | first= CC.Y. | last2=Christidis | first2= L. | last3=Eaton| first3= J.A. | last4=Norman | first4=J.A.| last5=Trainor| first5= C.R.| last6=Verbelen | first6= P. | last7=Rheindt | first7= F.E. | year= 2017 | title=Bioacoustic and multi-locus DNA data of ''Ninox'' owls support high incidence of extinction and recolonisation on small, low-lying islands across Wallacea | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=109 | pages=246–58 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2016.12.024 | pmid= 28017857 }}
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