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[[Berkas:Jews for Jesus New York by David Shankbone.JPG|
'''Jews for Jesus''' (terjemahan: "Orang Yahudi untuk Yesus") adalah sebuah organisasi [[Kristen]] evangelikal konservatif yang berfokus untuk membawa [[orang Yahudi]] untuk masuk [[Kristen]].<ref name=RELTOL>"Pernyataan doktrinal mereka secara mendasar tidak dapat dibedakan dari kelompok Evangelikal dan Kristen konservatif lainnya."</ref><ref>* "Selama waktu saya bersama misi ini, aku mendapati 'Jews for Jesus' sebagai sebuah pelayanan Kristen (atau dapat juga disebut, Mesianik) dengan semangat untuk memberitakan kabar baik mengenai Yesus dan dedikasi yang segenap hati untuk menyampaikan pesan Mesias dengan cara-cara yang penuh kasih, terus terang dan kreatif sebaik mungkin." Pastor Lev Leigh. Hope Baptist Church. Richmond, CA ([http://www.JewsForJesus.org/about/forjewsforjesus/alumni/leigh Letters From JFJ Alumni])
* "... Jews for Jesus dan kelompok-kelompok Kristen lainnya yang berpegang pada keunikan Kristus." ([http://jfjonline.org/pub/other/press_releases/020819_catholic.htm Jews for Jesus Leader Contradicts American Catholic Bishops.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041109171551/http://jfjonline.org/pub/other/press_releases/020819_catholic.htm |date=2004-11-09 }} Jews for Jesus, Press Release. 19 Agustus 2002)▼
* "Clothed in colorful shirts with large writing identifying their Christian group, Jews for Jesus has been keeping up with the 24-hour-running city, handing out tens of thousands of literature and promoting their evangelistic campaign – Behold Your God – through media outlets." (''Christian Post''. [http://www.christianpost.com/article/20060706/jews-for-jesus-keeps-up-with-the-city-that-never-sleeps/])</ref><ref>
▲* "... Jews for Jesus dan kelompok-kelompok Kristen lainnya yang berpegang pada keunikan Kristus." ([http://jfjonline.org/pub/other/press_releases/020819_catholic.htm Jews for Jesus Leader Contradicts American Catholic Bishops.] Jews for Jesus, Press Release. 19 Agustus 2002)
Those who say that Jews who believe in Jesus are errant Jews or misguided Jews are entitled to their opinions. But they are not entitled to negate our Jewishness. We are Jews by birth and that cannot change."[http://www.forjewsforjesus.org/qanda/index.html#jew_christian Jews for Jesus Q&A: Can you explain how one can be a Jew and a Christian at the same time? That seems like a contradiction in terms] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206041257/http://www.forjewsforjesus.org/qanda/index.html#jew_christian |date=2012-02-06 }}</ref> dan para anggotanya menganggap diri sebagai orang Yahudi – baik sesuai definisi [[Halakha|hukum Yahudi (Halakha)]], atau menurut pandangan "Jews for Jesus".
▲</ref><ref>[http://www.jewsforjudaism.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=319:is-qjews-for-jesusq-jewish-or-christian&catid=27:missionary-groups--tactics-and-responses&Itemid=228 Is "Jews for Jesus" Jewish or Christian?]</ref> Jews for Jesus mendefinisikan orang Yahudi dalam hubungan orangtua dan sejak lahir, tanpa membedakan agama<ref>"Kami percaya bahwa Keyahudian (Jewishness) adalah hak lahir, yang diwariskan dari orangtua kami. Umat kami bukan dari satu budaya; kami mempunyai ekspresi budaya yang beragam (Ashkenazi/Sephardi, Georgia/Rusia, Etiopia, Persia, dst.). Umat kami bukan dari satu agama. Yudaisme bisa jadi merupakan agama tradisional banyak orang Yahudi, tetapi orang Yahudi masih dianggap Yahudi meskipun menganut [[ateisme]] atau agama lain.
▲Those who say that Jews who believe in Jesus are errant Jews or misguided Jews are entitled to their opinions. But they are not entitled to negate our Jewishness. We are Jews by birth and that cannot change."[http://www.forjewsforjesus.org/qanda/index.html#jew_christian Jews for Jesus Q&A: Can you explain how one can be a Jew and a Christian at the same time? That seems like a contradiction in terms]</ref> dan para anggotanya menganggap diri sebagai orang Yahudi – baik sesuai definisi [[Halakha|hukum Yahudi (Halakha)]], atau menurut pandangan "Jews for Jesus".
Identifikasi "Jews for Jesus" sebagai organisasi Yahudi ditentang oleh denominasi-denominasi agamawi Yahudi<ref>"Secara virtual terdapat kemufakatan bulat pada seluruh denominasi ([[Yudaisme]]) bahwa Jews for Jesus bukanlah bersifat Yahudi." (Kaplan, Dana Evan. ''The Cambridge Companion to American Judaism'', Cambridge University Press, August 15, 2005, pp. 139–140).</ref><ref name=CCAJ9>"For most American Jews, it is acceptable to blend some degree of foreign spiritual elements with Judaism. The one exception is Christianity, which is perceived to be incompatible with any form of Jewishness. Jews for Jesus and other Messianic Jewish groups are thus seen as antithetical to Judaism and are completely rejected by the majority of Jews". (Kaplan, Dana Evan. ''The Cambridge Companion to American Judaism'', Cambridge University Press, August 15, 2005, p. 9).
</ref> dan kelompok sekuler Yahudi<ref>* "To make the record clear, Jews for Jesus is a Christian missionary organization – period." [http://www.jewsforjudaism.org/web/j4jlibrary/jewsforjesus.html Jews for Jesus: Jewish or Christian? You Decide] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211163847/http://www.jewsforjudaism.org/web/j4jlibrary/jewsforjesus.html |date=2008-12-11 }}, [[Jews for Judaism]] website, retrieved September 11, 2006.▼
▲* "To make the record clear, Jews for Jesus is a Christian missionary organization – period." [http://www.jewsforjudaism.org/web/j4jlibrary/jewsforjesus.html Jews for Jesus: Jewish or Christian? You Decide], [[Jews for Judaism]] website, retrieved September 11, 2006.
* "Messianic Jewish organizations, such as Jews for Jesus, often refer to their faith as fulfilled Judaism, in that they believe Jesus fulfilled the Messianic prophecies. Although Messianic Judaism claims to be Jewish, and many adherents observe Jewish holidays, most Jews regard Messianic Judaism as deceptive at best, fraudulent at worst. They charge that Messianic Judaism is actually Christianity presenting itself as Judaism." (Balmer, Randall. ''Encyclopedia of Evangelicalism'', Baylor University Press, November 2004, p. 448).
* "I do not seek, of course, covertly (as sometimes Jews for Jesus do) or overtly, to convert myself, or any other Jew to Christianity..." (Boyarin, Daniel. ''Border Lines: The Partition of Judaeo-Christianity'', University of Pennsylvania Press, July 2004, p. xii).
Baris 19 ⟶ 16:
|url=http://www.messiahtruth.com/response.html
|title=Messiah Truth. Messianic Judaism: A Christian Missionary Movement
}}</ref><ref name=Schiffman>
* Benjamin Hubbard; John Hatfield, James Santucci (1997). ''America's Religions. An Educator's Guide to Beliefs and Practices.'' Teacher Ideas Press, a Division of Libraries Unlimited, p.100. ISBN 1-56308-469-4.
* Balmer, Randall. ''Encyclopedia of Evangelicalism,'' Baylor University Press, November 2004, p. 448
Baris 25 ⟶ 22:
* "Thirdly, there is Jews for Jesus or, more generally, Messianic Judaism. This is a movement of people often of Jewish background who have come to believe Jesus is the expected Jewish messiah... They often have congregations independent of other churches and specifically target Jews for conversion to their form of Christianity." ([[Richard Harries, Baron Harries of Pentregarth|Harries, Richard]]. ''After the Evil: Christianity and Judaism in the Shadow of the Holocaust'', Oxford University Press, August 2003, p. 119.)
* "...Jews for Jesus (Jews converted to 'born again' Christianity who are seeking to make more such converts...". ([[Martin E. Marty|Marty, Martin E.]] ''When Faiths Collide'', Blackwell Publishing, January 2005, p. 35).
* "Jews for Jesus, the leading organization dedicated to converting Jews to Christianity, has long been a concern because of its aggressive proselytizing with a deceptive message: that Jews who accept Jesus as the son of God and their savior remain Jewish." [http://www.adl.org/special_reports/jews4jesus/jews4jesus.asp Jews for Jesus: Targeting Jews for Conversion with Subterfuge and Deception] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013190224/http://www.adl.org/special_reports/jews4jesus/jews4jesus.asp |date=2012-10-13 }}, [[Anti-Defamation League]], August 27, 2004, retrieved September 11, 2006.
* "Jews for Jesus is a sect of a very different nature. This group... has a sole motivational goal of converting Jews to Christianity." Fogel, Keith and Marian E. ''Conversos of the Americas'', Xlibris Corporation, April 2004, p. 169).
* "Jews for Jesus is an evangelical Christian organization ..." [http://exjewsforjesus.org/j4jquestions/#who Who are the Jews for Jesus?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726043455/http://exjewsforjesus.org/j4jquestions/#who |date=2011-07-26 }} (exjewsforjesus.org)
* "... its doctrine is strictly Christian in the fundamentalist/evangelical understanding of Christian faith" [http://exjewsforjesus.org/j4jquestions/#christian%20or%20jewish Is Jews for Jesus a Christian organization, or is it a Jewish organization?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726043455/http://exjewsforjesus.org/j4jquestions/#christian%20or%20jewish |date=2011-07-26 }} (exjewsforjesus.org)</ref>
Didirikan pada tahun 1973, Jews for Jesus memperkejakan lebih dari 200 orang,<ref name="ministrywatch.com">
== Sejarah ==
<!--[[File:Jews For Jesus logo.png|thumb|left|100px|Wordmark (Logo)]]-->
Organisasi ini didirikan oleh [[Moishe Rosen]], seorang pendeta [[Gereja Baptis]] yang lahir dari keluarga Yahudi dan masuk Kristen paeda usia 17 tahun,<ref>[http://torahatlanta.com/NEW%20WEBSITE/Articles/The%20Real%20Jews%20for%20Jesus.html The Real Jews for Jesus. The Leaders] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718082637/http://torahatlanta.com/NEW%20WEBSITE/Articles/The%20Real%20Jews%20for%20Jesus.html |date=2011-07-18 }} by Jason Levinson (Torah Atlanta)</ref> dan [[Jhan Moskowitz]], seorang pendeta [[Christian and Missionary Alliance]] minister serta putra seorang yang selama dari [[Holocaust]].<ref name=ADL_M>[http://www.adl.org/special_reports/jews4jesus/methods.asp Jews for Jesus: Targeting Jews for Conversion with Subterfuge and Deception. Methods] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090208211810/http://www.adl.org/special_reports/jews4jesus/methods.asp |date=2009-02-08 }} ([[Anti-Defamation League]])</ref> Rosen pernah menjadi kepala cabang San Francisco dari American Board of Missions to the Jews (sebuah organisasi yang sekarang dikenal sebagai [[Chosen People Ministries]]). Pada tahun 1973, Rosen memisahkan diri dari organisasi tersebut,<ref name="Balmer2002">{{cite book|author=Randall Herbert Balmer|title=Encyclopedia of evangelicalism|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=syUupeVJOz4C&pg=PA127|accessdate=21 August 2011|year=2002|publisher=Westminster John Knox Press|isbn=978-0-664-22409-7|pages=127–|quote=Chosen People Ministries Shortly after Leopold Cohn arrived in New York City from Hungary in 1892, he forsook his Jewish heritage and converted to Christianity. He founded the Williamsburg Mission in 1894 and started a newsletter, ''Chosen People'', in an attempt to apprise Christians of evangelistic initiatives among the Jews. In 1924, Cohn gave the Williamsburg Mission a new name, the American Board of Missions to the Jews; the administration of the organization devolved in 1937 to Joseph H. Cohn, a graduate of Moody Bible Institute, after the death of his father, the mission's founder. The San Francisco arm of the American Board of Missions to the Jews, headed by Moishe Rosen, broke off from the national organization in 1973 to form Jews for Jesus. The original mission changed its name yet again in 1986, to Chosen People Ministries. The organization, now based in Charlotte, North Carolina, produces a daily radio program, ''Through Jewish Eyes'', occasional television specials, and various evangelistic materials.}}</ref> dan pada bulan September tahun itu, mendirikan Jews for Jesus sebagai Hineni Ministries dengan kantor pusat di daerah San Francisco. Dalam beberapa tahun setelahnya, organisasi ini membuka cabang-cabang di kota-kota lain. Dari bulan September 1979 - June 1980, menutup cabang-cabangnya untuk melatih para misionaris.<ref>[http://jewsforjesus.org/about/timeline Jews for Jesus Timeline]</ref> Kemudian kembali membuka lebih banyak cabang-cabang, kebanyakan di kota-kota di [[Amerika Serikat]], pada tahun 1980-an, serta di luar Amerika pada tahun 1990-an. Rosen tetap menjabat sebagai executive director sampai bulan Mei 1996 ketika ia digantikan oleh [[David Brickner]],<ref name=RELTOL/> juga seorang pendeta gereja Baptis.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://brickner.jewsforjesus.org/about.htm |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2014-01-30 |archive-date=2011-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726203423/http://brickner.jewsforjesus.org/about.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Moishe Rosen meninggal pada bulan Mei 2010. Organisasi ini mempertahankan kantor pusatnya di dalam maupun di dekat kota [[San Francisco]], [[California]] sejak berdirinya.<ref name="JforJtimeline">{{cite web |url=http://www.jewsforjesus.org/about/timeline/ |title=Jews for Jesus Timeline |accessdate=21 August 2011}}</ref>
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==Aims and organization==
Baris 151 ⟶ 148:
| first = Alan
| title = The Vanishing American Jew: In Search of Jewish Identity for the Next Century
| url = https://archive.org/details/vanishingamerica00ders
| page = [https://archive.org/details/vanishingamerica00ders/page/324 324]
| publisher = Little, Brown; 1st ed.
| year= 1997
Baris 187 ⟶ 185:
|coauthors=John Hatfield, James Santucci
|title=America's Religions. An Educator's Guide to Beliefs and Practices
|url=https://archive.org/details/americasreligion0000hubb
|year=1997
|page=[https://archive.org/details/americasreligion0000hubb/page/100 100]
|publisher=Teacher Ideas Press, a Division of Libraries Unlimited
|isbn=1-56308-469-4
Baris 243 ⟶ 242:
* ''Messianic Judaism: A rabbi's journey through religious change in America'' by Carol Harris-Shapiro (Beacon Press, 1999) ISBN 978-0-8070-1040-2
* ''Evangelizing the Chosen People: Missions to the Jews in America, 1880–2000'' by Yaakov Ariel (The University of North Carolina Press, 1999) ISBN 0-8078-2566-2
* ''Hawking God. A Young Jewish Woman's Ordeal in Jews for Jesus'' by Ellen Kamentsky (Sapphire Press, 1993) [http://www.skepticfiles.org/fw/defector.htm An excerpt] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030213613/https://www.skepticfiles.org/fw/defector.htm |date=2019-10-30 }}
* Jews for Jesus: An Anthropological Study by Juliene G. Lipson (AMS Press, 1990) ISBN 0-404-62605-X
* ''Smashing the Idols: A Jewish Inquiry into the Cult Phenomenon'' by Gary D. Eisenberg (Jason Aronson, 1988) ISBN 0-87668-974-8
Baris 249 ⟶ 248:
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.jewsforjesus.org/ Situs resmi Jews for Jesus]
* [http://jewishmissions.com/ Jewish Missions - San Francisco] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313062755/http://jewishmissions.com/ |date=2012-03-13 }} Situs web misionaris Jews for Jesus di San Francisco
* [http://usedforjesus.com/ Ex-Jews for Jesus] situs web bekas anggota Jews for Jesus
* [http://www.aish.com/jewishissues/jewishsociety/Why_Jews_Dont_Believe_In_Jesus.asp Why Jews Don't Believe In Jesus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060316040138/http://www.aish.com/jewishissues/jewishsociety/Why_Jews_Dont_Believe_In_Jesus.asp |date=2006-03-16 }} (Mengapa orang Yahudi tidak percaya kepada Yesus)
* [http://www.faqs.org/faqs/judaism/FAQ/09-Antisemitism/section-18.html Who is financing "Jews for Jesus"?] (Siapa yang membiayai "Jews for Jesus" pada faqs.org)
* {{PDFlink|[http://blog.searchenginewatch.com/blog/pdf/jj_google_suit.pdf Complaint in lawsuit against Google over Blogspot subdomain]|1.46 MB}}
* [http://www.bocaratonnews.com/index.php?src=news&category=LOCAL%20NEWS&prid=6689 County Jewish organizations protest evangelical attempt] by Steven Reiskind (Boca Raton News) 5 November 2003
* [http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?apage=1&cid=1150885948447&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull Jews for Jesus campaign targets NY Jews] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110816170554/http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?apage=1&cid=1150885948447&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull |date=2011-08-16 }} oleh Gal Beckerman (10 Juli 2006) [[Jerusalem Post]]
* [
* [http://www.hebraicrootsnetwork.com The Hebrew Roots Network]
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