Charles Ponzi: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Carlo Pietro Giovanni Guglielmo Tebaldo Ponzi''', (3 Maret 1882 – 18 Januari 1949), lebih dikenal dengan nama '''Charles Ponzi''', adalah seorang ahli perniagaan [[Orang Italia|Italia]] yang juga aktif sebagai seorang [[penipu]] di [[Amerika Serikat]] dan [[Kanada]]. Beberapa nama lainnya adalah ''Charles Ponci'', ''Carlo'' dan ''Charles P. Bianchi''.<ref>{{cite web |author=iPad iPhone Android TIME TV Populist The Page |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,930255,00.html |title=Business & Finance: Ponzi Payment |publisher=TIME |date=5 Januari 1931 |accessdate=16 Julai 2013 |language=Inggeris |trans-title=Bisnes & Kewangan: Pembayaran Ponzi |archive-date=2013-08-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812022159/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,930255,00.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Pada awal tahun 1920-an, ia sudah memulai aktivitasnya dengan menawarkan keuntungan sebesar 50% dalam waktu 45 hari atau 100% dalam waktu 90 hari dengan cara membeli [[kupon jawaban pos]] yang telah didiskon di negara lain dan lalu menjualnya dengan harga normal di Amerika Serikat.<ref name=time>{{Citation |first= |last= |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Ponzi Payment |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,930255,00.html |quote=In 1920 thousands of gullibles had a more ornate picture of him. He was then the shrewd, straight-eyed miracle man of Boston's [[Hanover Street (Boston, Massachusetts)|Hanover Street]]. He promised his clients a 50% profit in 45 days. ... The essence of his scheme was to buy postal reply coupons in countries with depreciated exchange, redeem them at face value for U. S. |work=[[Time (magazine)|TIME magazine]] |date=January 5, 1931 |accessdate=December 21, 2008 |archive-date=2013-08-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812022159/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,930255,00.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref name=take>{{Citation |title=Take My Money! |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,794507,00.html |quote=In Italy, Ponzi got on the good side of Mussolini's Fascists, was sent to Rio de Janeiro as business manager for Italy's LATI airlines. The war ended his job; after that he eked out a meager existence as a translator. Committed to a Rio charity ward, blind in one eye and partly paralyzed, he said not long ago: "I guess the only news about me that most people want to hear is my death." |isbn=0-256-08657-5 |work=[[Time (majalah)|majalah TIME]] |date=31 Januari 1949 |accessdate=21 Disember 2008 |archive-date=2013-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721092322/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,794507,00.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Orang-orang pun terbujuk dengan rayuannya dan mulai berinvestasi. Kenyataannya, Ponzi telah membayar para penanam modal awal dengan investasi yang diberikan oleh penanam-penanam modal berikutnya. Walaupun penipuan semacam inisejenis sudah ada sebelum masa hidup Ponzi, tindakan semacam ini kini dikenal dengan sebutan "[[skema Ponzi]]". Penipuan yang ia lakukan berlangsung selama lebih dari satu tahun sebelum akhirnya mengalami kegagalan dan mengakibatkan kerugian sebesar $20 juta dollar bagi para "penanam modalnya".

* {{Citation |title=The Rise of Mr. Ponzi (Autobiography) (Public domain) |url=http://pnzi.com |last=Ponzi |first=Charles |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1936 |publisher= |location= |isbn=978-2-9538012-1-7 |page= |pages= }}

* {{Citation |title=Ponzi: The Incredible True Story of the King of Financial Cons (Library of Larceny) (Paperback) |last=Dunn |first=Donald |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2004 |publisher=Broadway |location=New York |isbn=0-7679-1499-6 |page= |pages= |url=}}

* {{Citation |last=Zuckoff |first=Mitchell |title=Ponzi's Scheme: The True Story of a Financial Legend |publisher=Random House |location=New York |year=2005 |isbn=1-4000-6039-7 }}

* {{Citation |last=Sobel |first=Robert |title=The Great Bull Market: Wall Street in the 1920's |publisher=Norton |location=New York |year=1968 |isbn=0-393-09817-6 }}

* {{Citation | last=Kalbfleisch | first=John | title =Ponzi scheme: the Montreal link. | publisher=The Gazette | location=Montréal | year=2009}}

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