Neo-Vedanta: Perbedaan antara revisi

Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif

← Revisi sebelumnya

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan

VisualTeks wiki

Revisi per 23 November 2018 22.36 sunting DayakSibiriak (bicara \| kontrib) Peninjau otomatis 6.742 suntingan →‎Pranala luar ← Revisi sebelumnya		Revisi terkini sejak 3 Desember 2022 05.51 sunting balikkan Ariyanto (bicara \| kontrib) Pengurus 67.081 suntingan k Bersih-bersih (via JWB)
(6 revisi perantara oleh 3 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 6: * '''[[Brahmoisme]]''': gerakan keagamaan yang berasal dari [[Benggala]] pada awal abad ke-19. Gerakan ini didirikan oleh [[Ram Mohan Roy]]. Dia menggagas pentingnya pemanfaatan nalar untuk mereformasi praktik sosial dan religius agama Hindu, dengan pengaruh dari [[monoteisme\|agama monoteistis]] dan ilmu pengetahuan modern.<ref name="test">''Chambers Dictionary Of World History''. Editor BP Lenman. Chambers. 2000.</ref> Brahmoisme menolak dogma, takhayul, otoritas kitab suci, dan penggambaran Tuhan.<ref>[http://brahmosamaj.org/ brahmosamaj.org - BRAHMO SAMAJ<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> * '''[[Prarthana Samaj]]''': gerakan reformasi sosial dan keagamaan yang dimulai di [[Bombay]], didirikan oleh Dr. Atmaram Pandurang pada tahun 1867 dengan tujuan agar masyarakat meyakini satu Tuhan dan hanya menyembah satu Tuhan. Gerakan ini dimulai sebagai reformasi sosial dan keagamaan sebagaimana [[Brahmo Samaj]]. Perintis Prarthana Samaj di Mumbai adalah Paramahamsa Sabha, perkumpulan rahasia untuk memajukan gagasan-gagasan liberal yang didirikan oleh Ram Balkrishna Jaykar.<ref>{{cite web \| url=http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/hindu/devot/prarth.html \| title=Prarthana Samaj \| publisher=PHILTAR \| place=St. Martin's College \| access-date=2018-06-08 \| archive-date=2010-01-25 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100125150225/http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/hindu/devot/prarth.html \| dead-url=yes }}</ref> * '''[[Arya Samaj]]''': gerakan reformasi Hindu yang diprakarsai oleh [[Swami Dayananda]], dan didirikan pada tanggal {{nowrap\|7 April 1875}}.{{sfn\|Hastings\|2003\|p=57}} Gerakan ini bermaksud mengamalkan ''[[Weda]]'' sebagaimana mestinya, dan mengesampingkan kitab-kitab yang ditulis setelah ''Weda''. Gerakan ini bersifat [[monoteisme\|monoteistis]] karena tidak mengakui dewa-dewi tertentu,<ref>{{cite web \| url=http://aryasamaj.com/global/?page_id=151 \| title=Principles of Arya Samaj \| publisher=Arya Samaj.com \| access-date=2018-06-08 \| archive-date=2014-01-01 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101003813/http://aryasamaj.com/global/?page_id=151 \| dead-url=yes }}</ref> serta menolak pemujaan Tuhan dengan sarana patung atau lukisan.{{sfn\|Naidoo\|1982\|p=158}}{{sfn\|Lata\|1990\|p=x}} * '''[[Misi Ramakrishna]]''': gerakan filantropis dan sukarela yang diprakarsai oleh murid [[Ramakrishna]], [[Swami Vivekananda]], pada tanggal {{nowrap\|1 Mei 1897}}. Gerakan ini berfokus pada masalah kemanusiaan seperti pemeliharaan kesehatan, bencana alam, kesejahteraan masyarakat desa, pendidikan, dan lain-lain. Misi gerakan ini berdasarkan konsep ''[[Karma Yoga\|Karmayoga]]''.{{sfn\|Agarwal\|1998\|p=243}} Dalil-dalil yang digunakan adalah filsafat [[Wedanta]].<ref name="belurmath">{{cite web\| url=http://www.belurmath.org/ \|title=Belur Math (situs resmi)}}</ref> * '''[[Masyarakat Internasional Kesadaran Krishna]]''' (''The International Society for Krishna Consciousness'' ~~– ISKCON~~–ISKCON): gerakan keagamaan berdasarkan tradisi [[Gaudiya Waisnawa]]. Gerakan ini juga dikenal dengan nama "Gerakan Hare Krishna", didirikan pada tahun [[1966]] di [[New York City]] oleh [[Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada\|A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada]]. Ajarannya berpegang pada ''[[Bhagawadgita]]'' dan ''[[Bhagawatapurana\|Srimad Bhagawatam]]''. Gerakan ini didirikan untuk menyebarkan ''[[Bhakti Yoga\|Bhaktiyoga]]'' dan memuja Tuhan dengan wujud [[Kresna]]. == Lihat pula == Baris 30: === Sumber yang diterbitkan === {{refbegin}} * {{Citation \| last =Burch \| first =George Bosworth \| year =1964 \| title =Seven-Valued Logic in Jain Philosophy \| journal =International Philosophical Quarterly \| volume =IV \| issue =1 \| pages =68–93 \| location =Bronx, NY \| url =http://secure.pdcnet.org/ipq \| issn =0019-0365 \| accessdate =2014-04-23 \| archive-date =2011-12-10 \| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20111210001152/http://secure.pdcnet.org/ipq \| dead-url =yes }} * {{Citation \|last =Burley \| first =Mikel \| year =2007 \| title =Classical Samkhya and Yoga: An Indian Metaphysics of Experience \| publisher =Taylor & Francis}} * {{Citation \| last =Cornille \| first =Catherine \| year =1992 \| title =The Guru in Indian Catholicism: Ambiguity Or Opportunity of Inculturation \| publisher =Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing}} * {{Citation \| last =Comans \| first =Michael \| year =1993 \| title =The Question of the Importance of Samadhi in Modern and Classical Advaita Vedanta. In: Philosophy East and West Vol. 43, No. 1 (Jan. 1993), pp. 19-38. \| url =http://www.realization.org/page/doc2/doc200.html }} * {{Citation \| last =Comans \| first =Michael \| year =2000 \| title =The Method of Early Advaita Vedānta: A Study of Gauḍapāda, Śaṅkara, Sureśvara, and Padmapāda \| place =Delhi \| publisher =Motilal Banarsidass}} * {{Citation \| last =Daniel \| first =P.S. \| year =2000 \| title =Hindu Response to Religious Pluralism \| publisher =Kant Publications \| isbn =8186218106 \| url =http://www.easternbookcorporation.com/moreinfo.php?txt_searchstring=3165 \| accessdate =2014-04-23 \| archive-date =2013-12-07 \| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20131207064923/http://www.easternbookcorporation.com/moreinfo.php?txt_searchstring=3165 \| dead-url =yes }} * {{Citation \| last =Dense \| first =Christian D. Von \| year =1999 \| title =Philosophers and Religious Leaders \| publisher =Greenwood Publishing Group}} * {{Citation \| last =Dundas \| first =Paul \| editor =(ed.) Tara Sethia \| year =2004 \| title =Ahimsā, Anekānta, and Jaininsm \| publisher =Motilal Banarsidass Publ \|location =Delhi \| isbn =81-208-2036-3 }} Baris 47: * {{Citation \| last =Halbfass \| first =Wilhelm \| year =1995 \| title =Philology and Confrontation: Paul Hacker on Traditional and Modern Vedānta \| publisher =SUNY Press}} * {{Citation \| last =Harris \| first =Mark W. \| year =2009 \| title =The A to Z of Unitarian Universalism \| publisher =Scarecrow Press}} * {{Citation \| last =Hori \| first =Victor Sogen \| year =1999 \| title =Translating the Zen Phrase Book. In: Nanzan Bulletin 23 (1999) \| url =http://www.thezensite.com/ZenEssays/HistoricalZen/translating_zen_phrasebook.pdf }} * {{Citation \| last =Johnson \| first =K. Paul \| year =1994 \| title =The masters revealed: Madam Blavatsky and the myth of the Great White Lodge \| publisher =SUNY Press \| isbn =0-7914-2063-9}} * {{Citation \| last =King \| first =Richard \| year =2002 \| title =Orientalism and Religion: Post-Colonial Theory, India and "The Mystic East" \| publisher =Routledge}} * {{Citation \| last =Kipf \| first =David \| year =1979 \| title =The Brahmo Samaj and the shaping of the modern Indian mind \| publisher =Atlantic Publishers & Distri}} * {{Citation \| last =Koller \| first =John \| editor =(ed.) Tara Sethia \| year=2004 \| title =Ahimsā, Anekānta, and Jaininsm \| publisher =Motilal Banarsidass Publ \| location=Delhi \| isbn=81-208-2036-3}} * {{Citation \| last =Larson \| first =gerald James \| year =2012 \| title =The Issue of Not ''Being Different'' Enough: Some Reflections on Rajiv Malhotra’s ''Being Different'' \| journal =International Journal of Hindu Studies, Volume 16, Issue 3, December 2012, pp 311-322 \| url =http://geraldjameslarson.com/pdf/Being_Different_Journal_Hindu_Studies.pdf }} * {{Citation \| last =Lavoie \| first =Jeffrey D. \| year =2012 \| title =The Theosophical Society: The History of a Spiritualist Movement \| publisher =Universal-Publishers}} * {{Citation \| last =Lorenzen \| first =David N. \| year =2006 \| title =Who Invented Hinduism: Essays on Religion in History \| publisher =Yoda Press \| url =http://books.google.nl/books?id=SO-YmMWpcVEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=origins+of+hinduism&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=gpxFUoyFNcfZ0QWDoIDICQ&ved=0CHMQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=origins%20of%20hinduism&f=false \| accessdate =2014-04-23 \| archive-date =2013-10-30 \| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20131030121249/http://books.google.nl/books?id=SO-YmMWpcVEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=origins+of+hinduism&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=gpxFUoyFNcfZ0QWDoIDICQ&ved=0CHMQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=origins%20of%20hinduism&f=false \| dead-url =yes }} * {{Citation \| last =Malhotra \| first =Rajiv \| year =2013 \| title =Author’s Response: The Question of Dharmic Coherence \| journal =International Journal of Hindu Studies 16, 3: 369–408}} * {{Citation \| last =McMahan \| first =David L. \| author-link = \| year =2008 \| title =The Making of Buddhist Modernism \| place = \| publisher =Oxford University Press \| ISBN =9780195183276}} Baris 60: * {{Citation \| last =Michaels \| first =Axel \| year =2004 \| title =Hinduism. Past and present \| place =Princeton, New Jersey \| publisher =Princeton University Press}} * {{Citation \| last =Michaelson \| first =Jay \| year =2009 \| title =Everything Is God: The Radical Path of Nondual Judaism \| publisher =Shambhala}} * {{Citation \| last = Mukerji \| first =Mādhava Bithika \| year =1983 \| title =Neo-Vedanta and Modernity \| publisher =Ashutosh Prakashan Sansthan \| url =http://www.anandamayi.org/books/Bithika2.htm }} * {{Citation \| last =Nicholson \| first =Andrew J. \| year =2010 \| title =Unifying Hinduism: Philosophy and Identity in Indian Intellectual History \| publisher =Columbia University Press}} * {{Citation \| last =Panicker \| first =P.L. John \| year =2006 \| title =Gandhi on Pluralism and Communalism \| publisher =ISPCK \| url =http://books.google.nl/books?id=4s2kBMLeXoEC&dq=Gandhi+on+Pluralism+and+Communalism&hl=nl&source=gbs_navlinks_s }} * {{Citation \| last =Paranjape \| first =Makarand R. \| year =2009 \| title =Another Canon: Indian Texts and Traditions in English \| publisher =Anthem Press}} * {{Citation \| last =Poonja \| first =Sri H. W. L. \| year =2000 \| title =The Truth Is \| publisher =Weiser Books}} Baris 68: * {{Citation \| last =Renard \| first =Philip \| year =2010 \| title =Non-Dualisme. De directe bevrijdingsweg \| place =Cothen \| publisher =Uitgeverij Juwelenschip}} * {{Citation \| last =Rinehart \| first =Robin \| year =2004 \| title =Contemporary Hinduism: ritual, culture, and practice \| publisher =ABC-CLIO}} * {{Citation \| last =Sharf \| first =Robert H. \| author-link = \| year =1993 \| title =The Zen of Japanese Nationalism \| place = \| publisher = \| ISBN = \| journal =History of Religions, Vol. 33, No. 1. (Aug., 1993), pp. 1-43. \| url =http://www.thezensite.com/ZenEssays/HistoricalZen/Zen_of_Japanese_Nationalism.html }} * {{Citation \| last =Sharf \| first =Robert H. \| author-link = \| year =1995-A \| title =Whose Zen? Zen Nationalism Revisited \| place = \| publisher = \| ISBN = \| url =http://www.thezensite.com/ZenEssays/CriticalZen/whose%20zen_sharf.pdf }} * {{Citation \| last =Sharf \| first =Robert H. \| year =1998 \| title =Experience. In: Mark C. Taylor (editor), "Critical Terms for Religious Studies" \| publisher =University of Chicago Press \| url =http://books.google.nl/books?id=zhc7UkW8eHcC&dq=Hindu+nationalism+Radhakrishnan&source=gbs_navlinks_s }} * {{Citation \| last =Sharf \| first =Robert H. \| year =2000 \| title =The Rhetoric of Experience and the Study of Religion. In: Journal of Consciousness Studies, 7, No. 11-12, 2000, pp. 267-87 \| url =http://buddhiststudies.berkeley.edu/people/faculty/sharf/documents/Sharf1998,%20Religious%20Experience.pdf \| accessdate =2014-04-23 \| archive-date =2013-05-13 \| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20130513104227/http://buddhiststudies.berkeley.edu/people/faculty/sharf/documents/Sharf1998,%20Religious%20Experience.pdf \| dead-url =yes }} * {{Citation \| last =Sharma \| first =G.R. \| year =2003 \| title =Trends In Contemporary Indian Philosophy Of Education A Critical Evaluation \| publisher =Atlantic Publishers & Dist}} * {{Citation \| last =Sharma \| first =Arvind \| year =2005 \| title =''Jivanmukti'' in Neo-Hinduism: The Case of Ramana Maharshi \| journal =Asian Philosophy, Vol.15, No.3, November 2005, pp. 207-220}} * {{Citation \| last =Sinari \| first =Ramakant \| year =2000 \| title =Advaita and Contemporary Indian Philosophy. In: Chattopadhyana (gen.ed.), "History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization. Volume II Part 2: Advaita Vedanta" \| place =Delhi \| publisher =Centre for Studies in Civilizations}} * {{Citation \| last =Sooklal \| first =Anil \| year =1993 \| title =The Neo-Vedanta Philosophy of Swami Vivekananda \| journal =Nidan, 5, 1993 \| url =http://reference.sabinet.co.za/webx/access/journal_archive/10165320/86.pdf }} * {{Citation \| last =Vaitheespara \| first =Ravi \| year =2010 \| title =Forging a Tamil caste: Maraimalai Adigal (1876-1950) and the discourcse of caste and ritual in colonial Tamilnadu. In: Bergunder e.a. (editors), "Ritual, Caste, and Religion in Colonial South India" \| publisher =Otto Harrassowitz Verlag \| url =http://books.google.nl/books?id=wbISha_aGocC&printsec=frontcover&hl=nl#v=onepage&q&f=false }} * {{Citation \| last =Venkataramiah \| first =Munagala \| year =1936 \| title =Talks with Sri Ramana Maharshi\| place =Tiruvannamalai \| publisher =Sri Ramanasramam}} * {{Citation \| last =Versluis \| first =Arthur \| year =1993 \| title =American Transcendentalism and Asian Religions \| publisher =Oxford University Press}} Baris 91: == Pranala luar == * [http://www.reocities.com/neovedanta/list.html International Forum for NeoVedantins] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313114058/http://www.reocities.com/neovedanta/list.html \|date=2013-03-13 }} '''History''' * [http://www.anandamayi.org/books/Bithika2.htm Bithika Mukerji , ''Neo-Vedanta and Modernity''] * [http://kelamuni.blogspot.nl/2006/09/neo-vedanta-of-swami-vivekananda-part_11.html Kelamuni, ''The Neo-Vedanta of Swami Vivekananda: Part One''] * [http://kelamuni.blogspot.nl/2008/02/neo-vedanta-of-swami-vivekananda-part.html Kelamuni, ''The Neo-Vedanta of Swami Vivekananda: Part Two''] '''Criticism''' * [http://bharatabharati.wordpress.com/2012/02/15/neo-vedanta-the-problem-with-hindu-universalism-frank-gaetano-morales/ Frank Morales, ''Neo-Vedanta: The problem with Hindu Universalism''] * [http://www.dharmacentral.com/forum/content.php?126-Critique-of-Neo-Hinduism DharmaCentral.com, ''A Devastating Critique of Neo-Hinduism ''] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100930022113/http://www.dharmacentral.com/forum/content.php?126-Critique-of-Neo-Hinduism \|date=2010-09-30 }} {{Gerakan reformasi Hindu}} {{Portalbar\|Hindu\|India}}