James Dewey Watson: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox scientist
| name = James Watson
| image = James D Watson.jpg
| alt =
| caption = James Watson
| birth_name = James Dewey Watson
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1928|04|06}}<ref name=watsonswho>{{Who's Who | surname = WATSON | othernames = Prof. James Dewey | id = U39051 | volume = 2015 | edition = online [[Oxford University Press]]}} {{subscription required}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]], Amerika Serikat
| death_date =
| death_place =
| residence =
| citizenship =
| nationality = [[Amerika Serikat]]
| fields = [[Genetika]]
| workplaces = {{Plainlist|
* [[Universitas Indiana]]
* [[Laboratorium Cold Spring Harbor]]
* [[Laboratorium Biologi Molekular]]
* [[Universitas Harvard]]
* [[Universitas Cambridge]]
* [[Institut Kesehatan Nasional]]}}
| alma_mater = {{Plainlist|
* [[Universitas Chicago]] {{small|(B.S., 1947)}}
* [[Universitas Indiana]] {{small|(Ph.D., 1950)}}}}
| doctoral_advisor = [[Salvador Luria]]
| thesis_title = The Biological Properties of X-Ray Inactivated Bacteriophage
| thesis_url = http://search.proquest.com/docview/302021835
| thesis_year = 1951
| academic_advisors =
| doctoral_students = {{Plainlist|
* [[Mario Capecchi]]<ref name="capecchiphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Mario|last=Capecchi |title=On the Mechanism of Suppression and Polypeptide Chain Initiation |publisher=Harvard University |date=1967 |url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/302261581|authorlink=Mario Capecchi}}</ref>
* [[H. Robert Horvitz|Bob Horvitz]]<ref name=academictree>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122081921/http://academictree.org/chemistry/peopleinfo.php?pid=1948|archivedate=January 22, 2015|url=http://academictree.org/chemistry/peopleinfo.php?pid=1948|publisher=academictree.org|title=Chemistry Tree - James D Watson Details}}</ref>
* Charles Kurland<ref name=academictree/>
* [[Peter Moore (kimiawan)|Peter D. Moore]]<ref name=academictree/>
* [[Joan A. Steitz|Joan Steitz]]<ref name=steitzzzz>{{Cite journal
| pmid = 21383073
| pmc = 3051824
| year = 2011
| author1 = Steitz
| first1 = J
| title = Joan Steitz: RNA is a many-splendored thing. Interview by Caitlin Sedwick
| journal = The Journal of Cell Biology
| volume = 192
| issue = 5
| pages = 708–9
| doi = 10.1083/jcb.1925pi
}}</ref>}}
| notable_students = {{Plainlist|
* [[Ewan Birney]]<ref name="thescientist">{{cite journal |last1=Hopkin|first1=Karen |date=June 2005 |title=Bring Me Your Genomes: The Ewan Birney Story |journal=The Scientist |volume=19 |series= |issue=11 |page=60}}</ref>
* [[Ronald W. Davis]] (pascadoktoral)<ref name=academictree/>
* [[Phillip Allen Sharp]] (pascadoktoral)<ref name=academictree/>
* [[Richard J. Roberts]] (pascadoktoral)<ref name=richardrobertys>{{Cite web
| url = https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1993/roberts-bio.html
| title = Richard J. Roberts - Biographical
| website = nobelprize.org
| access-date = February 28, 2016
| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304003141/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1993/roberts-bio.html
|archivedate=March 4, 2016
| author=Anon
| year=1993
}}</ref>
* [[John Tooze]] (pascadoktoral)<ref name=embook>{{cite book |last=Ferry |first=Georgina |year=2014 |title=EMBO in perspective: a half-century in the life sciences |url=http://www.embo.org/documents/anniversary/EMBO50_book.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160824094140/http://www.embo.org/documents/anniversary/EMBO50_book.pdf|archivedate=August 24, 2016|location=Heidelberg |publisher=[[European Molecular Biology Organization]] |pages=145 |isbn= 978-3-00-046271-9|oclc= 892947326}}</ref><ref name="Ferry2014">{{cite journal|last1=Ferry|first1=Georgina|title=History: Fifty years of EMBO|journal=Nature|volume=511|issue=7508|year=2014|pages=150–151|doi=10.1038/511150a|location=London}}</ref>}}
| known_for = {{Plainlist|
* [[Struktur DNA]]
* [[Biologi molekular]]}}
| influences =
| influenced =
| awards = {{Plainlist|
* [[Penghargaan Albert Lasker untuk Penelitian Kedokteran Dasar]] <small>(1960)</small>
* [[Hadiah Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedokteran|Hadiah Nobel]] <small>(1962)</small>
* [[Penghargaan John J. Carty untuk Kemajuan Sains|Penghargaan John J. Carty]] <small>(1971)</small>
* [[Anggota Royal Society|ForMemRS]] <small>(1981)</small><ref name=formemrs/>
* [[Anggota EMBO]] {{small|(1985)}}<ref name=membo>{{cite web|author=Anon|year=1985|url=http://people.embo.org/profile/james-d-watson|website=people.embo.org|publisher=[[European Molecular Biology Organization]]|location=Heidelberg|title=James Watson EMBO profile}}</ref>
* [[Medali Copley]] <small>(1993)</small><ref name=formemrs/><ref name="Copley">{{cite web|title=Copley Medal|url=http://royalsociety.org/awards/copley-medal/|work=Royal Society website|publisher=The Royal Society|accessdate=April 19, 2013}}</ref>
* [[Medali Emas Lomonosov]] {{small|(1994)}}}}
| signature = James D Watson signature.svg
| signature_alt =
| footnotes =
| spouse = {{marriage|Elizabeth Watson (née Lewis)|1968}}
}}
'''James Dewey Watson''' (lahir di [[Chicago]], [[6 April]] [[1928]]) ialah seorang ilmuwan [[biologi molekul]] berkebangsaan [[Amerika Serikat]] yang dikenal terutama sebagai salah satu penemu struktur molekul [[DNA]]. Ia menerima [[Hadiah Nobel Kedokteran]] bersama [[Francis Harry Compton Crick|Francis Crick]] dan [[Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins|Maurice Wilkins]] pada tahun [[1962]] atas penemuan struktur molekul asam nukleat dan artinya untuk perpindahan informasi.
Watson menerima gelar [[B.A.]] dari [[Universitas Chicago]] dan terus menerima [[Ph.D.]] di [[Universitas Indiana]] pada [[1950]]. Watson bertemu [[Francis Crick]] saat mereka berdua bekerja di [[Laboratorium Cavendish]] di [[Universitas Cambridge]], [[Inggris]]. Tertarik pada struktur [[ADN]], mereka membuat model yang berhasil atas [[asam nukleat]] pada [[1953]]. Pada [[1956]] Watson pindah ke Bagian Biologi di [[Harvard]], di mana ia mempelajari [[RNA]]. Ia menjadi direktur [[Laboratorium Cold Spring Harbor]] di [[Long Island]], [[New York]] sejak [[1968]]. Ia telah membantu membuat lembaga ini menjadi pusat penelitian [[genetika]] [[molekul]]er dan [[kanker]], di antara topik lainnya. Watson menjalankan [[Human Genome Project]] di [[NIH]] dari [[1988]] hingga [[1992]].
Buku Watson yang laris manis ''[[The Double Helix]]'', diterbitkan pada [[1968]], menceritakan kembali tahun-tahun riset DNA.
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== Kontroversi ==
Pada tanggal 25 Oktober 2007 James
Tahun-tahun sebelumnya, ia juga pernah menyatakan kalau seorang ibu sebaiknya diizinkan menggugurkan kandungannya jika diketahui anak yang dikandungnya membawa [[gen]] [[homoseksualitas|homoseksual]].
Ia pernah pula mengatakan ada kemungkinan kaitan antara warna kulit dan "nafsu seksual" (''sexual prowess''), serta antara tinggi badan dan ambisi. Pernyataan kontroversial lainnya adalah bahwa kebodohan (''stupidity'') adalah penyakit genetis yang harus ditangani secara
== Catatan kaki ==
{{reflist}}
== Pranala luar ==
* {{en}} [http://www.history.nih.gov/exhibits/nirenberg/bios.htm#Watson Biografi James Watson]
{{Penghargaan Nobel dalam Fisiologi atau Kedokteran}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Watson}}
[[Kategori:Genetika]]
[[Kategori:Kelahiran 1928|Watson]]
[[Kategori:Pemenang Hadiah Nobel dalam bidang fisiologi atau kedokteran|Watson]]
[[Kategori:Ilmuwan Amerika Serikat|Watson]]
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