Audrey Hepburn pada layar dan panggung: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Orphan|date=Januari 2023}}
{{periksa terjemahan|en|Audrey Hepburn on screen and stage}}
[[Berkas:Audrey Hepburn in Roman Holiday (cropped).jpg|jmpl|upright=1.1|Hepburn sebagai Putri Ann dalam film ''[[Roman Holiday]]'' (1953)]]
[[Audrey Hepburn]] (4 Mei 1929 – 20 Januari 1993) adalah seorang pemeran asal Inggris yang berkarier dalam film, televisi dan panggung dari 1948 sampai 1993. Dianggap oleh beberapa orang sebagai salah satu wanita tercantik sepanjang masa,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1580936,00.html|title=Audrey Hepburn: Still the Fairest Lady|work=[[Time (majalah)|Time]]|publisher=Time Inc.|date=20 January 2007|last=Corliss|first=Richard|accessdate=10 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/3763887.stm|title=Audrey Hepburn tops beauty poll |publisher=[[BBC]]|date=31 May 2004|accessdate=10 July 2015}}</ref> ia masuk peringkat sebagai [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars|legenda layar lebar terbesar ketiga dalam sinema Amerika]] menurut [[American Film Institute]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/100years/stars.aspx|title=AFI's 50 Greatest American Screen Legends|publisher=[[American Film Institute]]|accessdate=10 July 2015}}</ref> Hepburn juga dikenal sebagai ikon gaya dan film.<ref name=style/><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2015/jul/01/audrey-hepburn-portraits-of-an-icon-review-beautiful-but-unrevealing-national-portrait-gallery|title=Audrey Hepburn: Portraits of an Icon review – beautiful, but unrevealing|work=[[The Guardian]]|publisher=[[Guardian Media Group]]|date=1 July 2015|accessdate=10 July 2015|last=Cocozza|first=Paula}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2015/jun/19/cult-audrey-hepburn-how-can-anyone-live-up-level-of-chic|title=The cult of Audrey Hepburn: how can anyone live up to that level of chic?|work=[[The Guardian]]|publisher=[[Guardian Media Group]]|date=19 June 2015|accessdate=10 July 2015|last=Wilson|first=Bee}}</ref> Debutnya sebagai pramugari dalam film Belanda tahun 1948 ''[[Dutch in Seven Lessons]]''.{{sfn|Woodward|2012|p=54}} Hepburn kemudian pentas pada panggung Inggris sebagai gadis paduan suara dalam musikal ''[[High Button Shoes]]'' (1948), dan ''Sauce Tartare'' (1949). Dua tahun kemudian, ia membuat debut [[teater Broadway|Broadway]]-nya sebagai pemeran utama dalam drama ''[[Gigi (drama)|Gigi]]''. debut [[Sinema Amerika Serikat|Hollywood]] Hepburn sebagai putri raja dalam ''[[Roman Holiday]]'' (1953) karya [[William Wyler]] dimana ia beradu peran dengan [[Gregory Peck]] dan menjadikannya bintang.<ref name=style>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/10252693/Audrey-Hepburn-a-new-kind-of-movie-star.html|title=Audrey Hepburn: a new kind of movie star|work=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|publisher=[[Telegraph Media Group]]|date=29 December 2014|accessdate=23 May 2015|last=Billson|first=Anne}}</ref>{{sfn|Woodward|2012|p=139}}<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanityfair.com/unchanged/2013/05/audrey-hepburn-life-in-rome|title=Audrey Hepburn's Fashionable Life in Rome|work=[[Vanity Fair (majalah)|Vanity Fair]]|publisher=[[Condé Nast]]|date=May 2013|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref><ref name=85th/> Atas penampilannya, ia meraih [[Academy Award untuk Aktris Terbaik]], [[BAFTA Award untuk Aktris Terbaik dalam sebuah Peran Utama|BAFTA Award untuk Aktris Inggris Terbaik]] dan [[Penghargaan Golden Globe untuk Aktris Terbaik dalam sebuah Film – Drama]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1954|title=The 26th Academy Awards|publisher=[[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]] (AMPAS)|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://awards.bafta.org/award/1954/film|title=Film in 1954|publisher=[[British Academy of Film and Television Arts]] (BAFTA)|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150708183620/http://www.goldenglobes.com/audrey-hepburn|archivedate=8 July 2015|url=http://www.goldenglobes.com/audrey-hepburn|title=Audrey Hepburn|publisher=[[Hollywood Foreign Press Association]]}}</ref> Pada 1954, ia memerankan putri chauffeur yang masuk cinta segitiga dalam film komedi romansa [[Billy Wilder]] ''[[Sabrina (film 1954)|Sabrina]]'' bersama dengan [[Humphrey Bogart]] dan [[William Holden]].{{sfn|Gitlin|2008|p=115}}<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9406E3DF1238E23BBC4B51DFBF66838F649EDE|title=Sabrina (1954) Screen: 'Sabrina' Bows at Criterion; Billy Wilder Produces and Directs Comedy|work=[[The New York Times]]|publisher=[[Arthur Hays Sulzberger]]|date=23 September 1954|accessdate=7 July 2015|last=Crowther|first=Bosley}}</ref> Pada tahun yang sama, Hepburn meraih [[Tony Award untuk Aktris Terbaik dalam sebuah Drama]] atas peran sebagai nimfa air dalam drama ''[[Ondine (drama)|Ondine]]''.{{sfn|Woodward|2012|p=393}}{{sfn|Gitlin|2008|p=116}}
Peran berikutnya adalah sebagai [[Natasha Rostova]] dalam [[War and Peace (film 1956)|adaptasi film tahun 1956]] dari ''[[War and Peace]]'' karya Leo Tolstoy. Pada 1957, Hepburn beradu peran dengan [[Gary Cooper]] dan [[Maurice Chevalier]] dalam film ''[[Love in the Afternoon (film 1957)|Love in the Afternoon]]'' karya Billy Wilder, dan dengan [[Fred Astaire]] dalam film musikal ''[[Funny Face]]''. Dua tahun kemudian, ia tampil dalam film petualangan romansa ''[[Green Mansions (film)|Green Mansions]]'', dan berperan sebagai biarawati dalam film ''[[The Nun's Story (film)|The Nun's Story]]''. Pada 1961, Hepburn memerankan garis [[perhimpunan kafé]] Holly Golightly dalam film komedi romansa ''[[Breakfast at Tiffany's (film)|Breakfast at Tiffany's]]'', dan sebagai guru yang dituduh lesbian dalam film drama garapan Wyler ''[[The Children's Hour (film)|The Children's Hour]]'' dimana ia beradu peran dengan [[Shirley MacLaine]].{{sfn|Gitlin|2008|p=116}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/15/theater/rekindling-the-mystery-of-holly-golightly.html|title=Forever a Gamine at Tiffany's|work=[[The New York Times]]|publisher=[[Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr.]]|last=Ryan|first=Pat|date=14 March 2013|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref> Dua tahun kemudian, ia beradu peran dengan [[Cary Grant]] dalam film misteri romansa ''[[Charade (film 1963)|Charade]]''. Hepburn menyusulnya dengan membintangi film komedi romansa ''[[Paris When It Sizzles]]'' dimana ia beradu peran dengan William Holden, dan sebagai gadis bunga [[Cockney]] [[Eliza Doolittle]] dalam film musikal ''[[My Fair Lady (film)|My Fair Lady]]'' (keduanya pada 1964).{{sfn|Gitlin|2008|p=116}} Pada 1967, ia memerankan seorang wanita buta yang dibawa oleh para diler narkoba ke rumahnya sendiri dalam film cerita seru suspen ''[[Wait Until Dark (film)|Wait Until Dark]]'' yang membuatnya meraih nominasi Oscar Aktris Terbaik.{{sfn|Gitlin|2008|p=116}}<ref name=dead>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/21/movies/audrey-hepburn-actress-is-dead-at-63.html|title=Audrey Hepburn, Actress, Is Dead at 63|work=[[The New York Times]]|publisher=[[Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr.]]|date=21 January 1993|accessdate=23 May 2015|last=James|first=Caryn}}</ref> Sembilan tahun kemudian, Hepburn memerankan [[Maid Marian]] dimana ia beradu peran dengan [[Sean Connery]] sebagai [[Robin Hood]] dalam film ''[[Robin and Marian]]''.
Penampilan film terakhirnya adalah penampilan kameo sebagai seorang malaikat dalam film ''[[Always (film 1989)|Always]]'' (1989) garapan [[Steven Spielberg]].<ref name=dead/> Peran layar lebar terakhir Hepburn adalah sebagai pemandu acara serial dokumenter televisi ''[[Gardens of the World with Audrey Hepburn]]'' (1993) dimana ia secara anumerta meraih [[Primetime Emmy Award]] untuk Pengabdian Individual Terbaik – Pemprograman Informasional.<ref name=85th>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/audrey-hepburn-85th-birthday-celebrated-with-google-doodle-9321458.html|title=Audrey Hepburn 85th birthday celebrated with Google Doodle|work=[[The Independent]]|publisher=Independent Print Limited|date=4 May 2014|accessdate=23 May 2015|last=Buchanan|first=Rose Troup}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominations/award-search?search_api_views_fulltext=audrey+hepburn&submit=Search&search_api_views_fulltext_1=&search_api_views_fulltext_3=&search_api_views_fulltext_2=&search_api_views_fulltext_4=&field_nominations_year=1949-01-01+00%3A00%3A00&field_nominations_year_1=2015-01-01+00%3A00%3A00&field_nomination_category=All|title=Awards Search|publisher=[[Academy of Television Arts & Sciences]]|accessdate=23 May 2015|archive-date=2015-05-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524081938/http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominations/award-search?search_api_views_fulltext=audrey+hepburn&submit=Search&search_api_views_fulltext_1=&search_api_views_fulltext_3=&search_api_views_fulltext_2=&search_api_views_fulltext_4=&field_nominations_year=1949-01-01+00%3A00%3A00&field_nominations_year_1=2015-01-01+00%3A00%3A00&field_nomination_category=All|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/tv/show/155837/Gardens-of-the-World-With-Audrey-Hepburn/details|title=Gardens of the World With Audrey Hepburn|work=[[The New York Times]]|publisher=[[Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr.]]|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref> Dalam mengakui kariernya, Hepburn meraih Penghargaan Istimewa dari [[BAFTA]], [[Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award]], [[Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award]], dan [[Special Tony Award]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bafta.org/heritage/features/100-bafta-moments-9-days-to-go|title=100 BAFTA Moments — Audrey Hepburn Receives the Special Award|publisher=[[British Academy of Film and Television Arts]] (BAFTA)|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hfpa.org/cecil-b-demille/|title=Cecil B. DeMille Timeline|publisher=[[Hollywood Foreign Press Association]]|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sagawards.org/awards/life-achievement-award-recipient/29th|title=29th Life Achievement Recipient, 1992|publisher=[[Screen Actors Guild Awards]]|accessdate=23 May 2015|archive-date=2015-04-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150424030709/http://www.sagawards.org/awards/life-achievement-award-recipient/29th|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.playbillvault.com/Person/Detail/103946/Audrey-Hepburn|title=Audrey Hepburn|publisher=Playbill Vault|accessdate=8 July 2015}}</ref>
== Filmografi lengkap ==
[[Berkas:Audrey Hepburn Roman Holiday cropped.jpg|jmpl|lurus|Hepburn dalam film ''[[Roman Holiday]]'' (1953)]]
[[Berkas:Holden-Hepburn-Sabrina.jpg|jmpl|lurus|Hepburn ''(kiri)'' beradu peran dengan [[William Holden]] ''(kanan)'' dalam film ''[[Sabrina (film 1954)|Sabrina]]'' (1954)]]
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|+ Daftar peran film
Baris 12 ⟶ 25:
!scope=row|''[[Dutch in Seven Lessons]]''
| 1948
| Pramugari
| {{lang-nl|Nederlands in Zeven Lessen}}
|style="text-align:center;"|{{sfn|Woodward|2012|p=381}}
Baris 42 ⟶ 55:
!scope=row|''[[Monte Carlo Baby]]''
| 1951
| Linda Farrell<br>Melissa Farrell {{small|(versi
|Difilmkan dalam bahasa Inggris dan
|style="text-align:center;"|{{sfn|Spoto|2007|p=43}}<br><ref>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141201205257/http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2ba164985b|archivedate=1 December 2014|url=http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2ba164985b|title=Audrey Hepburn|publisher=[[British Film Institute]]|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref><br><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9902E3D7133EE53BBC4151DFB366838F649EDE|title=Monte Carlo Baby (1953) At the Palace|work=[[The New York Times]]|publisher=[[Arthur Hays Sulzberger]]|date=29 May 1954|accessdate=23 May 2015|last=G.|first=O. A.}}</ref>
|-
Baris 173 ⟶ 186:
|style="text-align:center;"|{{sfn|Woodward|2012|pp=390–391}}
|}
== Televisi ==
[[Berkas:Audrey Hepburn Mel Ferrer Mayerling 1957.jpg|jmpl|200px|Hepburn ''(kanan)'' dan [[Mel Ferrer]] ''(kiri)'' dalam episode televisi ''[[Mayerling (film 1957)|Mayerling]]'' (1957)]]
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|+ Daftar peran televisi
|-
!scope="col"|Judul
!scope="col"|Tahun
!scope="col"|Peran
!scope="col"|Saluran
!scope="col" class="unsortable" | Catatan
!scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{abbr|Ref|Referensi}}
|-
!scope=row|''Sauce Tartare''
| 1949
| Tidak diketahui
| [[BBC]]
| [[Film televisi]]
|-
!scope=row|''Saturday Night Revue''
| 1950
| Tidak diketahui
| [[BBC One|BBC Television Service]]
| 3 episode
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbctv/1950-07-15#at-20.30|title=15 July 1950|publisher=[[BBC]]|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref><br><ref>{{cite web|url=http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbctv/1950-07-29#at-20.15|title=29 July 1950|publisher=[[BBC]]|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref><br><ref>{{cite web|url=http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbctv/1950-08-12#at-20.30|title=12 August 1950|publisher=[[BBC]]|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref>
|-
!scope=row|''[[Sunday Night Theatre]]''
| 1951
| Celia
| BBC Television Service
| Episode: "The Silent Village"
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/ee075eb830854266a21c68035d79055f|title=Hugh Williams and Joyce Redman in 'The Silent Village'|publisher=[[BBC]]|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref>
|-
!scope=row|''[[CBS Television Workshop]]''
| 1952
|{{sort|Forsythe|Virginia Forsythe}}
| [[CBS]]
| Episode: "Rainy Day at Paradise Junction"
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.paleycenter.org/collection/item/?q=cbs+television+workshop&p=1&item=T:12056|title=CBS Television Workshop, The: Rainy Day in Paradise Junction|publisher=[[Paley Center for Media]]|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref><br>{{sfn|Gitlin|2008|p=39}}
|-
!scope=row|''[[Producers' Showcase]]''
| 1957
| {{sort|Vetsera|[[Baroness Mary Vetsera|Mary Vetsera]]}}
| [[NBC]]
| Episode: "[[Mayerling (film 1957)|Mayerling]]"
|style="text-align:center;"|{{sfn|Woodward|2012|pp=201, 391}}
|-
!scope=row|''{{sort|World|A World of Love}}''
| 1970
| Diri sendiri
| CBS
| Acara khusus [[UNICEF]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{sfn|Fearn-Banks|2009|p=494}}
|-
!scope=row|''[[Love Among Thieves]]''
| 1987
| {{sort|DuLac|Caroline DuLac}}
| [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]
| Film televisi
|style="text-align:center;"|{{sfn|Woodward|2012|p=392}}<br><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/472053/Love-Among-Thieves/|title=Love Among Thieves (1987)|publisher=[[Turner Classic Movies]]|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref>
|-
!scope=row|''[[American Masters]]''
| 1988
| Diri sendiri
| [[PBS]]
| Episode: "Directed by William Wyler"<br>Dokumenter
|style="text-align:center;"|{{sfn|Woodward|2012|p=391}}
|-
!scope=row|''Gregory Peck: His Own Man''
| 1988
| Diri sendiri
| [[Cinemax]]
| Dokumenter
|style="text-align:center;"|{{sfn|Molyneaux|1995|p=247}}
|-
!scope=row|''[[Gardens of the World with Audrey Hepburn]]''
| 1993
| Diri sendiri
| PBS
| Serial dokumenter
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/gardens-of-the-world-with-audrey-hepburn/201595/|title=Gardens of the World with Audrey Hepburn|work=[[TV Guide]]|accessdate=23 May 2015}}</ref>
|}
== Panggung ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|+ Daftar peran teater
|-
!scope="col"| Judul
!scope="col"| Tahun
!scope="col"| Peran
!scope="col"|Teater
!scope=col class="unsortable" | Catatan
!scope=col class="unsortable" | {{abbr|Ref|Referensi}}
|-
!scope=row|''[[High Button Shoes]]''
| 1948–1949
| Gadis paduan suara
| [[Hippodrome, London|London Hippodrome]]
|
|style="text-align:center;"|{{sfn|Woodward|2012|pp=63–64}}
|-
!scope=row|''Sauce Tartare''
| 1949
| Gadis paduan suara
| [[Cambridge Theatre]]
|
|style="text-align:center;"|{{sfn|Gitlin|2008|p=116}}<br>{{sfn|Woodward|2012|pp=67, 69}}
|-
!scope=row|''Sauce Piquante''
| 1950
| Pemain yang tampil
| [[Cambridge Theatre]]
|
|style="text-align:center;"|{{sfn|Gitlin|2008|p=116}}
|-
!scope=row|''[[Gigi (drama)|Gigi]]''
| 1951–1952
| Gigi
| [[Fulton Theatre]]
| 24 November 1951 – 31 Mei 1952
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=1977|title=Gigi|publisher=[[Internet Broadway Database]]|accessdate=22 May 2015}}</ref>
|-
!scope=row|''[[Ondine (drama)|Ondine]]''
| 1954
| [[Ondine (mitologi)|Ondine]]
| [[Richard Rodgers Theatre|46th Street Theatre]]
| 18 Februari 1954 – 3 Juli 1954
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=2441|title=Ondine|publisher=[[Internet Broadway Database]]|accessdate=22 May 2015}}</ref>
|}
== Referensi ==
{{reflist|30em}}
== Daftar pustaka ==
{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite book |first=Kathleen |last=Fearn-Banks |title=The A to Z of African-American Television |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EZD6eR43pMcC |date=4 August 2009 |location=[[Lanham, Maryland]] |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6348-4 |oclc=699319372 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |first=Martin |last=Gitlin |title=Audrey Hepburn: A Biography |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QjRHJTpcI80C |date=30 December 2008 |location=[[Westport, Connecticut]] |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-313-35945-3 |oclc=298456360 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |first=Gerard |last=Molyneaux |title=Gregory Peck: A Bio-bibliography |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VUrUeKBmnUYC |date=1 January 1995 |location=[[Westport, Connecticut]] |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-313-28668-1 |oclc=246712846 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |first=Donald |last=Spoto |title=Enchantment: The Life of Audrey Hepburn |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WVNr8SJLZngC |date= 9 October 2007 |publisher=[[Random House]] |isbn=978-0-09-948704-3 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |first=Ian |last=Woodward |title=Audrey Hepburn: Fair Lady of the Screen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PdKmyvMFWSoC |date=31 May 2012 |location= |publisher=[[Ebury Publishing]] |isbn=978-1-4481-3293-5 |oclc= |ref=harv}}
{{Refend}}
== Pranala luar ==
* {{IMDb name|30|Audrey Hepburn}}
{{Commonscat|Audrey Hepburn by year}}
[[Kategori:Audrey Hepburn]]
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