Chadwick Boseman: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{penjelasan singkat|Aktor dan penulis naskah Amerika Serikat}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Chadwick Boseman
| image = Chadwick Boseman by Gage Skidmore July 2017 (cropped).jpg<!--Do not change infobox image without discussion-->
| caption = Boseman
| birth_name = Chadwick Aaron Boseman
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1976|11|29}}{{efn|name=birthdate|Sources conflict on whether Boseman was born in 1976 or 1977. Obituaries list his age at death as 43, making his birth year 1976.<ref name=berry>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8NJbCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA69|quote=BOSEMAN, CHADWICK (1976– ) ... He was born in Anderson, South Carolina, and is a graduate of T.L. Hannah High School and Howard University.|last2=Berry|first2=Venise T.|last1=Berry|first1=S. Torriano|title=Historical Dictionary of African American Cinema|date=May 7, 2015|isbn=9781442247024|access-date=June 14, 2020|archive-date=September 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930065341/https://books.google.com/books?id=8NJbCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA69|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Rose|first=Tammy|title=Chadwick Boseman Signed To Five Marvel Studio Movies As The Black Panther|date=October 29, 2014|publisher=[[Inquisitr]]|url=https://www.inquisitr.com/1570632/chadwick-boseman-signed-to-five-marvel-studio-movies-as-the-black-panther/|access-date=June 14, 2020|quote=Chadwick Boseman was born on November 29, 1976.|archive-date=July 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727193830/https://www.inquisitr.com/1570632/chadwick-boseman-signed-to-five-marvel-studio-movies-as-the-black-panther/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=upi>{{cite news|url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/2017/11/29/UPI-Almanac-for-Wednesday-Nov-29-2017/2241511750535/|title=UPI Almanac for Wednesday, Nov. 29, 2017|agency=[[United Press International]]|date=November 29, 2017|quote=Chadwick Boseman in 1976 (age 41)|access-date=July 2, 2019|archive-date=July 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702220347/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/2017/11/29/UPI-Almanac-for-Wednesday-Nov-29-2017/2241511750535/|url-status=live}}</ref>}}
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| education = [[Universitas Howard]] ([[Bachelor of Fine Arts|BFA]])
| occupation = {{hlist|Actor|playwright}}
| height = <!-- Jangan menambahkan data tinggi badan tanpa rujukan -->
| years_active = 1993–2020<ref name=eells2020>{{cite web|last=Eells|first=Josh|date=2018-02-18|title=The 'Black Panther' Revolution|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-features/the-black-panther-revolution-199536/|website=Rolling Stone|access-date=September 23, 2020|archive-date=September 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923085757/https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-features/the-black-panther-revolution-199536/amp/|url-status=live|url-access=limited}}</ref>
| spouse = Taylor Simone Ledward<!-- Do not add a year of marriage without a source! -->
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'''Chadwick Aaron Boseman''' ({{lahirmati|[[Anderson, California|Anderson]], [[California]]|29|11|1976|[[Los Angeles]], California|28|8|2020}})<ref name="nyt obit" /> adalah aktor dan dramawan Amerika Serikat. Setelah menuntut ilmu penyutradaraan di [[Universitas Howard]], ia terkenal di kancah teater dengan memenangi Drama League Directing Fellowship dan akting AUDELCO, dan dinominasikan untuk Jeff Award sebagai penulis naskah lewat ''[[Deep Azure]]''. Ketika ia berpindah ke kancah perfilman, ia mendapatkan peran utama pertamanya di serial reguler ''[[Persons Unknown]]'' pada tahun 2010, dan ia pertama kali dikenal lewat perannya sebagai pemain bisbol [[Jackie Robinson]] dalam film biografi tahun 2013 ''[[42 (film)|42]]''. Ia terus memerankan tokoh-tokoh bersejarah, yakni membintangi ''[[Get on Up]]'' (2014) sebagai penyanyi [[James Brown]] dan ''[[Marshall (film)|Marshall]]'' (2017) sebagai [[Hakim Agung Amerika Serikat|Hakim Agung]] [[Thurgood Marshall]].
Ia mulai dikenal di seluruh dunia lewat perannya sebagai adiwira [[T'Challa (Marvel Cinematic Universe)|Black Panther]] dalam [[Marvel Cinematic Universe]] (MCU) sejak 2016 hingga 2019. Ia muncul di empat film MCU, termasuk [[Black Panther (film)|film tahun 2018]] yang membuatnya mendapatkan [[NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture|Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture]] [[NAACP Image Awards|NAACP Image Award]] dan a [[Screen Actors Guild Awards|Screen Actors Guild Award]] for [[Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture|Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture]].
Pada tahun 2016, Chadwick didiagnosis menderita [[kanker usus besar]]. Chadwick merahasiakan kondisinya, terus bertindak sementara juga secara ekstensif mendukung amal kanker sampai kematiannya pada tahun 2020 karena penyakit tersebut. Film terakhirnya, ''[[Ma Rainey's Black Bottom]]'', ditayangkan selepas kematiannya pada tahun yang sama mendapat ulasan positif, sehingga menjadikannya mendapat nominasi Aktor Terbaik Academy Award dan Aktor Terbaik Film Drama Penghargaan Golden Globe. Chadwick juga menerima empat nominasi di
== Kehidupan masa kecil dan pendidikan ==
Chadwick Aaron Boseman<ref name="
== Karier ==
=== 1993–2007: Theater, ''Deep Azure'', dan televisi ===
Chadwick tinggal di [[Brooklyn]], Kota New York, pada permulaan kariernya.<ref name="rollstone"/> Pada tahun 2000, ia dinobatkan sebagai Drama League Directing Fellow. Ia menyutradarai produksi termasuk ''[[The Colored Museum]]'' karya [[George C. Wolfe]]<ref name=theatermania/><ref>{{cite web|title=Drama League Directors Project Fellows|url=http://dramaleague.org/about/whoweare/alumni#Directors%2520Project%2520Fellows|access-date=December 23, 2020|website=[[The Drama League]]|archive-date=December 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201224120136/http://dramaleague.org/about/whoweare/alumni#Directors%2520Project%2520Fellows|url-status=live}}</ref> (George kemudian menyutradarai Chadwick dalam peran terakhirnya)<ref name=WolfeGQ>{{cite web|last=Phipps|first=Keith|title=George C. Wolfe on Directing 'Ma Rainey's Black Bottom' and Chadwick Boseman|url=https://www.gq.com/story/george-c-wolfe-ma-raineys-black-bottom-chadwick-boseman-viola-davis-interview|access-date=December 23, 2020|website=GQ|archive-date=December 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201224120136/https://www.gq.com/story/george-c-wolfe-ma-raineys-black-bottom-chadwick-boseman-viola-davis-interview|url-status=live}}</ref> dan pementasan ''[[Dutchman (sandiwara)|Dutchman]]'' karya [[Amiri Baraka]].<ref name=theatermania/> Ia bekerja sebagai instruktur drama di Schomburg Junior Scholars Program, bertempat di Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture di [[Harlem]]<ref name="MichiganChronicleAug2014" /> antara 2002 dan 2009.<ref>{{cite web|title=Schomburg Center and NYPL Honor the Life of Chadwick Boseman|url=https://www.nypl.org/blog/2020/08/29/chadwick-boseman|access-date=December 23, 2020|website=The New York Public Library|archive-date=December 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201224120136/https://www.nypl.org/blog/2020/08/29/chadwick-boseman|url-status=live}}</ref> Dia menjadi terkenal sebagai penulis naskah dan aktor panggung pada tahun 2002, tampil dalam beberapa sandiwara dan memenangkan penghargaan AUDELCO pada tahun 2002 atas perannya dalam ''Urban Transitions'' karya [[Ron Milner]].<ref name=theatermania/> As a member of the National Shakespeare Company of New York, he played [[Romeo (character)|Romeo]] in ''[[Romeo and Juliet]]'' and [[Malcolm (Macbeth)|Malcolm]] in ''[[Macbeth]]''.<ref name=2002pittnews/> He directed and wrote plays<ref name=KWilliams>{{Cite news|last=Williams|first=Kam|date=April 8, 2013|title=A chat with Chad -'42' star Chadwick Boseman|language=en-US|work=Philadelphia Sun|url=https://www.philasun.com/entertainment/a-chat-with-chad-42-star-chadwick-boseman/ |access-date=September 6, 2020 |archive-date=September 10, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150910025543/http://www.philasun.com/entertainment/a-chat-with-chad-42-star-chadwick-boseman/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Bio>{{Cite web|title=Chadwick Boseman|url=https://www.biography.com/actor/chadwick-boseman |access-date=September 6, 2020|website=Biography|language=en-us |archive-date=August 31, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831231934/https://www.biography.com/actor/chadwick-boseman |url-status=live}}</ref> as part of the [[Hip-hop theater]] movement; his works included ''Rhyme Deferred'' (co-written with Howard classmate [[Kamilah Forbes]]), in which he also performed, and ''Hieroglyphic Graffiti''.<ref name=theatermania/><ref name=Michigan>{{Cite web|title=Deep Azure|url=https://www.press.umich.edu/special/hiphop/deep_azure |access-date=September 2, 2020|website=University of Michigan Press|language=en |archive-date=September 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200902094708/https://www.press.umich.edu/special/hiphop/deep_azure |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Coyle/><ref>{{Cite news|last=Wiegand|first=Chris|date=September 2, 2020|title='You are all the Black Panther': the electric theatre of Chadwick Boseman|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2020/sep/02/chadwick-boseman-theatre-black-panther |access-date=September 2, 2020|issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=September 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200902235353/https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2020/sep/02/chadwick-boseman-theatre-black-panther |url-status=live}}</ref> ''Rhyme Deferred'' was commissioned for a national tour, as well as featuring in ''The Fire This Time'' anthology of works, while ''Hieroglyphic Graffiti'' was produced at a variety of locations, including the [[National Black Theatre Festival]] in 2001.<ref name=theatermania/> Combining modern African-American culture and Egyptian deities, it is set in Washington, D.C. and was picked up by the New York Hip-Hop Theatre Festival and [[Tennessee State University]]'s [[summer stock theatre]] program in 2002.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mythic Proportions|url=https://www.nashvillescene.com/arts-culture/article/13007481/mythic-proportions|access-date=December 23, 2020|website=Nashville Scene}}</ref> It was also the [[Kuntu Repertory Theatre]]'s 2002–03 season launch production. At the 2002 Hip-Hop Theatre Festival, Boseman also gave a one-man show called "Red Clay and Carved Concrete".<ref name=2002pittnews>{{cite web|title=Kuntu Repertory Theatre Launches 2002-2003 Season With "Hieroglyphic Graffiti"|website=University of Pittsburgh News|url=http://www.news.pitt.edu/news/kuntu-repertory-theatre-launches-2002-2003-season-hieroglyphic-graffiti|access-date=December 23, 2020|archive-date=January 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200109195720/http://www.news.pitt.edu/news/kuntu-repertory-theatre-launches-2002-2003-season-hieroglyphic-graffiti|url-status=live}}</ref>
In 2003, Boseman was cast in his first television role, an episode of ''[[Third Watch]]'',<ref name="Hindustan Times">{{cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/videos/entertainment/black-panther-actor-chadwick-boseman-dies-of-colon-cancer-at-43video/video-1bqOhvCm504CfyEaORG4EO.html|title=Black Panther actor Chadwick Boseman dies of colon cancer at 43|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|publisher=[[HT Media Ltd]]|location=[[New Delhi]]|date=August 29, 2020|access-date=August 30, 2020|archive-date=August 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200829212708/https://www.hindustantimes.com/videos/entertainment/black-panther-actor-chadwick-boseman-dies-of-colon-cancer-at-43video/video-1bqOhvCm504CfyEaORG4EO.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and began playing [[List of All My Children characters#Reggie Montgomery|Reggie Montgomery]] in the daytime soap opera ''[[All My Children]]''.<ref name="Mason">{{cite web|last=Mason|first=Charlie|title=Beloved Soap Actor-Turned-Movie Star Dead at 43 After Years-Long Cancer Battle|url=https://soaps.sheknows.com/soaps/news/576619/chadwick-boseman-dead-all-my-children-reggie/|website=[[Soaps.com]]|publisher=[[SheKnows Media]] |access-date=August 30, 2020|location=United States|date=August 29, 2020 |archive-date=August 31, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831012120/https://soaps.sheknows.com/soaps/news/576619/chadwick-boseman-dead-all-my-children-reggie/ |url-status=live}}</ref> He was fired from ''All My Children'' after voicing concerns to producers about racist stereotypes in the script; the role was subsequently re-cast, with Boseman's future ''[[Black Panther (film)|Black Panther]]'' co-star [[Michael B. Jordan]] taking the part.<ref name="TheWrap"/><ref name=THRGreene/> Boseman had wanted to work around the stereotypes of the character, feeling that being in a soap opera would give him more room for improvisation as the writers often do not initially plan a full story;<ref name=EWAllMyChildren>{{cite web|title=Chadwick Boseman and Michael B. Jordan discuss playing the same role on 'All My Children'|url=https://ew.com/tv/2019/01/04/all-my-children-chadwick-boseman-michael-b-jordan/|access-date=December 23, 2020|website=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|archive-date=December 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201224120152/https://ew.com/tv/2019/01/04/all-my-children-chadwick-boseman-michael-b-jordan/|url-status=live}}</ref> his (then-future) agent said that when Boseman was given the second script and learned that his character's parents were a drug addict and an absent father, Boseman confronted the creators.<ref name=THRGreene/> He reflected on the experience in his 2018 commencement address to Howard University, saying that it "seemed to be wrapped up in assumptions about us as black folks [and he] would have to make something out of nothing."<ref name=EWAllMyChildren/> His other early television work included episodes of the series ''[[Law & Order]]'', ''[[Cold Case]]'', ''[[CSI: NY]]'', and ''[[ER (TV series)|ER]]''.<ref name="MichiganChronicleAug2014" />
His best-known play, ''[[Deep Azure]]'', was commissioned in 2004 by the Congo Square Theatre Company in [[Chicago]]. It was nominated for a 2006 [[Jeff Award]] for Best New Work.<ref name=theatermania/><ref name=Michigan/> Boseman said at the time that ''Deep Azure'' was "a fusion and progression of [his] previous plays", which he did not feel fit wholly in the Hip Hop theater genre.<ref name=theatermania/> The play – about [[Police brutality in the United States|police brutality]], a daring subject in 2004, and largely delivered in rhyme – was workshopped at the [[Apollo Theater]] in New York.<ref name=jones2/><ref name=jones1>{{cite web|last=Jones|first=Chris|title=Chadwick Boseman's play was on Chicago's Congo Square Theatre years ago|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/theater/chris-jones/ct-ent-chadwick-boseman-chicago-plays-jones-0904-20200901-huqwvhc3andvfnsopln2bvohre-story.html|access-date=December 23, 2020|website=Chicago Tribune|archive-date=December 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201224120204/https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/theater/chris-jones/ct-ent-chadwick-boseman-chicago-plays-jones-0904-20200901-huqwvhc3andvfnsopln2bvohre-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Critic [[Chris Jones (drama critic)|Chris Jones]] highly praised the work.<ref name=jones2>{{cite web|last=Jones|first=Chris|title=Fascinating 'Deep Azure' is verbal feast|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2005-09-22-0509220274-story.html|access-date=December 23, 2020|website=Chicago Tribune|date=September 22, 2005|archive-date=December 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201224120204/https://www.chicagotribune.com/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2008, Boseman turned ''Deep Azure'' into a screenplay. Michael Greene, who would become his agent, picked it up and contacted Boseman when [[Tessa Thompson]] and [[Omari Hardwick]] expressed an interest in playing the lead roles, prompting Boseman's move to [[Los Angeles]].<ref name=THRGreene>{{cite web|title=Chadwick Boseman's Agent: He Chose Roles "Always Bringing About Light"|website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/chadwick-bosemans-agent-he-chose-roles-always-bringing-about-light|access-date=December 23, 2020|archive-date=December 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201224120203/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/chadwick-bosemans-agent-he-chose-roles-always-bringing-about-light|url-status=live}}</ref> He also directed, wrote, and produced the short film ''Blood Over a Broken Pawn'' in 2007, which was honored at the 2008 [[Hollywood Black Film Festival]].<ref name=Michigan/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hollywoodblackff.festivalgenius.com/2008/films/bloodoverabrokenpawn_hollywoodblackff2008|year=2008|title=Blood Over A Broken Pawn|website=Hollywood Black Film Festival|access-date=September 15, 2020|archive-date=October 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025142008/http://hollywoodblackff.festivalgenius.com/2008/films/bloodoverabrokenpawn_hollywoodblackff2008|url-status=live}}</ref>
== Wafat ==
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== Referensi ==
{{reflist|30em|refs=<ref name="MLBDec2011">{{cite web|url=http://m.mlb.com/news/article/26140318/|title=Jackie Robinson movie to star Ford, Boseman|last=Fordin|first=Spencer|publisher=mlb.com|date=December 9, 2011|accessdate=April 19, 2013|archive-date=2016-05-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529012519/http://m.mlb.com/news/article/26140318/|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="DeadlineFeb2013">{{cite web|url=http://deadline.com/2013/02/kill-hole-march-release-date-chadwick-boseman-430766/|title=Indie Vendetta Pic With Parallels To Christopher Dorner Saga Gets Release Date|last=Yamato|first=Jenn|publisher=[[Deadline.com]]|date=February 14, 2013|accessdate=April 29, 2015}}</ref><ref name="TimeFeb2013">{{cite web|url=http://style.time.com/2013/02/21/going-places-with-chadwick-boseman/|title=Going Places With Chadwick Boseman|last=Gregory|first=Sean|work=[[Time (majalah)|Time]]|date=February 21, 2013|accessdate=April 29, 2015}}</ref><ref name="FlauntApril2013">{{cite web|url=http://flaunt.com/people/chadwick-boseman/|title=Chadwick Boseman: The Distinguished Rise of Cinema’s Next Champion|last=Herndon|first=Jessica|work=[[Flaunt]]|date=April 8, 2013|accessdate=April 29, 2015|archive-date=2018-02-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218090256/http://www.flaunt.com/content/people/chadwick-boseman|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="WashingtonPostApril2013">{{cite web |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/goingoutguide/jackie-robinson-film-42-opens-starring-howard-graduate-chadwick-boseman/2013/04/11/dbdc8664-9e02-11e2-a941-a19bce7af755_story.html |title=Jackie Robinson film ‘42’ opens, starring Howard graduate Chadwick Boseman |last=Jenkins |first=Mark |work=[[The Washington Post]] |date=April 11, 2013 |accessdate=April 29, 2015 |archivedate=
== Pranala luar ==
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[[Kategori:Pemeran film Amerika Serikat]]
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