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'''Koridor Kartarpur''' ({{lang-ur|{{nq|کرتارپور راہداری}}}}, [[bahasa Punjab|Punjab]]: ਕਰਤਾਰਪੁਰ ਲਾਂਘਾ) adalah sebuah koridor perbatasan antara Pakistan dan India, yang menghubungkan kuil [[Sikh]] [[Dera Baba Nanak|Dera Baba Nanak Sahib]] (terletak di [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], India) dan [[Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur|Gurdwara Darbar Sahib]] (di [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], Pakistan). Koridor ini dimaksudkan untuk memungkinkan umat beragama dari India bisa mengunjungi [[Gurdwara]] di [[Kartarpur, Pakistan|Kartarpur]], {{convert|4.7|km|mi|lk=on|abbr=off}} dari [[perbatasan India–Pakistan]], tanpa visa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/kartarpur-corridor-visa-free-pilgrimage-route-a-good-confidence-building-measure-but-thaw-in-india-pakistan-ties-still-a-mirage-5645601.html|title=Kartarpur Corridor: Visa-free pilgrimage route a good confidence-building measure, but thaw in India-Pakistan ties still a mirage|last=|first=|date=30 November 2018|website=[[Firstpost]]|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2 December 2018}}</ref>
Koridor Kartarpur pertama kali diusulkan pada awal tahun 1999 oleh perdana menteri [[India]] dan [[Pakistan]], masing-masing [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] dan [[Nawaz Sharif]], sebagai bagian dari diplomasi [[Bus Delhi–Lahore]].<ref name="SGPC">Rana, Yudhvir (3 July 2012). [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/SGPC-demands-government-to-take-up-Dera-Baba-Nanak-Gurdwara-Kartarpur-Sahib-corridor-issue-with-Pakistan/articleshow/14649156.cms SGPC demands government to take up Dera Baba Nanak-Gurdwara Kartarpur Sahib corridor issue with Pakistan]. ''The Times of India''.
Pada 26 November 2018, batu fondasi diletakkan di sisi India; dua hari kemudian, pada 28 November 2018, Perdana Menteri Pakistan [[Imran Khan]] melakukan hal yang sama di sisi Pakistan. Koridor ini selesai untuk peringatan hari lahir [[Guru Nanak Dev]] yang ke-550 tahun pada 12 November 2019.<ref>[https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/pakistan/imran-khan-to-open-kartarpur-corridor-to-india-on-november-9-1.67265938 "Imran Khan to open Kartarpur Corridor to India on November 9"] ''gulfnews.com'' Retrieved 20 October 2019</ref> Khan mengatakan "Pakistan yakin bahwa jalan menuju kemakmuran wilayah dan masa depan cerah dari generasi mendatang kita terletak dalam kedamaian", menambahkan bahwa "Pakistan tidak hanya membuka perbatasan tetapi juga hati mereka untuk komunitas Sikh".<ref name="auto2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.brecorder.com/2019/11/09/542766/kartarpur-corridor-inauguration-testimony-of-pakistans-commitment-to-regional-peace-pm|title=Kartarpur Corridor inauguration testimony of Pakistan’s commitment to regional peace: PM|date=9 November 2019 |newspaper=Business Recorder}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite news |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/553143-pm-imran-says-kartarpur-corridor-testimony-of-pakistans-commitment-to-regional-peace |title=PM Imran says Kartarpur Corridor testimony of Pakistan's commitment to regional peace |date=9 November 2019 |newspaper=The News International}}</ref> Perdana Menteri India [[Narendra Modi]] membandingkan keputusan untuk melanjutkan koridor tersebut oleh kedua negara dengan keruntuhan [[Tembok Berlin]], dengan mengatakan bahwa proyek tersebut dapat membantu meredakan ketegangan antara kedua negara.<ref name="TOI Pakistan">{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/pakistan-prime-minister-to-lay-foundation-stone-for-kartarpur-corridor-on-wednesday/articleshow/66840380.cms|title=Pakistan prime minister to lay foundation stone for Kartarpur corridor on Wednesday|last=|first=|date=28 November 2018|work=The Times of India|access-date=28 November 2018|others=PTI}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite news |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/pakistan-pm-imran-khan-to-lay-foundation-stone-of-kartarpur-corridor-today/story-jQxLvLWvkDERC43BGXZApO.html |title=Pakistan PM Imran Khan to lay foundation stone of Kartarpur corridor today |date=28 November 2018 |newspaper=Hindustan Times}}</ref>
Sebelumnya, para peziarah Sikh dari India harus naik bus ke Lahore untuk sampai ke Kartarpur, yang merupakan perjalanan 125 km meskipun orang-orang di sisi perbatasan India secara fisik dapat melihat [[Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur]] di sisi Pakistan. Sebuah platform pengamatan tinggi juga telah dibangun di sisi India, tempat orang menggunakan teropong untuk mendapatkan pandangan yang bagus.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/a-shrine-so-near-yet-so-far-their-prayers-travel-across-border-they-cant-4797157/|title=A shrine so near, yet so far: Their prayers travel across border, they can’t|last=Brar|first=Kamaldeep Singh|date=15 August 2017|access-date=|website=The Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Cabinet clears corridor for Kartarpur up to Pakistan border |last=Parashar |first=Sachin |date=23 November 2018 |newspaper=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/cabinet-clears-corridor-for-kartarpur-up-to-pakistan-border/articleshow/66757948.cms}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/sikh-corridor-marks-unprecedented-form-of-diplomacy/article25591874.ece |title=Kartarpur marks a fresh start |last=Haidar |first=Suhasini |date=25 November 2018 |work=The Hindu |accessdate=11 December 2018 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
== Latar belakang ==
{{Main|Kartarpur, Pakistan}}
[[Sikh gurus|Guru pertama]] [[Sikhisme]], [[Guru Nanak]], mendirikan Kartarpur pada tahun 1504 M di tepi kanan [[Sungai Ravi]] dan mendirikan komune Sikh pertama di sana. Setelah kematiannya pada tahun 1539, umat Hindu dan Muslim sama-sama mengklaimnya sebagai milik mereka dan membangun mausoleum-mausoleum untuk memperingatinya dengan sebuah tembok bersama di antara mereka. Perubahan aliran Sungai Ravi akhirnya menghanyutkan mausoleum-mausoleum tersebut. Sebuah permukiman baru dibentuk, yang merupakan [[Dera Baba Nanak]] saat ini di tepi kiri sungai Ravi.<ref name="NesbittKaur1998">{{citation |last1=Nesbitt |first1=Eleanor M. |last2=Kaur |first2=Gopinder |title=Guru Nanak |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fKq_PKUltzoC |date=May 1998 |publisher=Bayeux Arts |isbn=978-1-896209-27-2 |p=15}}</ref><ref>{{citation |last=Singh |first=Jagraj |title=A Complete Guide to Sikhism |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rFm9_Jc1ykcC&pg=PA211 |year=2009 |publisher=Unistar Books |isbn=978-81-7142-754-3 |page=211}}</ref><ref>{{citation |last=Singha |first=H. S. |title=The Encyclopedia of Sikhism |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gqIbJz7vMn0C&pg=PA59 |year=2000 |publisher=Hemkunt Press |isbn=978-81-7010-301-1 |p=59}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sgpc.net/gurus/gurunanak.asp |title=Guru Nanak Sahib |publisher=Sgpc.net |accessdate=10 February 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218023855/http://www.sgpc.net/gurus/gurunanak.asp |archivedate=18 February 2012 }}</ref>
Selama [[pemisahan India]] tahun 1947, wilayah ini dibagi antara India dan Pakistan. Berdasarkan [[Garis Radcliffe]], [[Shakargarh]] di tepi kanan Sungai Ravi, termasuk Kartarpur, diberikan kepada Pakistan, dan [[Distrik Gurdaspur]] di tepi kiri Ravi diberikan kepada India.<ref>{{harvnb|Jha, Rival Versions of History|1996|p=81}}: Mountbatten sent a query to the Secretary of State for India, Lord Listowell, asking what 'other factors' might mean. Listowell... replied that these were entirely for the Punjab Boundary Commissioners to decide. However, he said, 'other factors must include the location of Sikh shrines'. This looks very much like a directive to the Radcliffe Commission. Sir Cyril certainly paid heed to it, but not unduly at Pakistan's expense."</ref><ref>{{citation |first1=V. |last1=Yadav |first2=H. |last2=Sharma |chapter=Disaster Management in Border Sensitive Area: Case Study of Amritsar District |editor1=Huong Ha |editor2=R. Lalitha S. Fernando |editor3=Amir Mahmood |title=Strategic Disaster Risk Management in Asia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PmDACQAAQBAJ&pg=PA216 |year=2015 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-81-322-2373-3 |p=216}}</ref>
Setelah pemisahan tersebut, diyakini bahwa umat Sikh India pergi ke Kartarpur secara informal, melintasi sebuah jembatan di Sungai Ravi yang menghubungkan Dera Baba Nanak dengan Kartarpur Sahib. Jembatan ini akhirnya hancur dalam [[Perang India-Pakistan 1965]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.orfonline.org/research/punjab-can-it-be-a-bridge-to-peace-between-india-and-pakistan/ |title=Punjab: Can It Be a Bridge to Peace Between India and Pakistan? |last=Maini |first=Tridivesh Singh |website=ORF |accessdate=11 December 2018}}</ref>
▲Koridor Kartarpur pertama kali diusulkan pada awal tahun 1999 oleh perdana menteri [[India]] dan [[Pakistan]], masing-masing [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] dan [[Nawaz Sharif]], sebagai bagian dari diplomasi [[Bus Delhi–Lahore]].<ref name="SGPC">Rana, Yudhvir (3 July 2012). [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/SGPC-demands-government-to-take-up-Dera-Baba-Nanak-Gurdwara-Kartarpur-Sahib-corridor-issue-with-Pakistan/articleshow/14649156.cms SGPC demands government to take up Dera Baba Nanak-Gurdwara Kartarpur Sahib corridor issue with Pakistan]. ''The Times of India''. </ref><ref name="long road">{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-long-road-from-kartarpur-to-peace-india-pakistan-5474399/|title=The long road from Kartarpur to peace|last=Roy|first=Shubhajit|date=2 December 2018|website=The Indian Express|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
== Bibliografi ==
* {{citation |last=Jha |first=Prem Shankar |authorlink=Prem Shankar Jha |title=Kashmir, 1947: Rival Versions of History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fBORQgAACAAJ |year=1996 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-563766-3 |ref={{sfnref|Jha, Rival Versions of History|1996}}}}
* {{citation |first=John |last=McDonald |chapter=Multi-Track Diplomacy—lts Origins and Some of Its Accomplishments |editor=Zachariah Cherian Mampilly |title=Peacemaking: From Practice to Theory |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hx0p4RCdD4wC&pg=PA73 |year=2011 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-313-37576-7 |pages=73– |ref={{sfnref|McDonald, Multi-Track Diplomacy|2011}}}}
== Pranala luar ==
* Images: [https://www.geo.tv/latest/219956-in-pictures-gurdwara-darbar-sahib-in-kartarpur
* More Information: [https://kartarpur.com.pk/ kartarpur.com.pk] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225071039/https://kartarpur.com.pk/ |date=2021-02-25 }}
* Latest Updates: [https://kartarpurcorridor.com/ kartarpurcorridor.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191111031413/https://kartarpurcorridor.com/ |date=2019-11-11 }}
[[Kategori:Pelintasan perbatasan India–Pakistan]]
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