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Baris 1: {{other uses\|Orang perahu (disambiguasi)}} [[~~File~~Berkas:35 Vietnamese boat people 2.JPEG\|~~thumb~~jmpl\|200px\|~~right~~ka\|Orang perahu Vietnam yang sedang menunggu untuk diselamatkan.]] '''Orang perahu Vietnam''' merujuk kepada para [[pengungsi]] yang meninggalkan [[Vietnam]] dengan menggunakan perahu dan kapal setelah [[Perang Vietnam]], khususnya pada 1978 dan 1979, namun berlanjut sampai awal 1990an. Istilah "Orang Perahu Vietnam" umumnya sering digunakan untuk merujuk kepada seluruh orang Vietnam (sekitar 2 juta) yang meninggalkan negara mereka yang menggunakan cara atau metode apapun antara 1975 dan 1995. Artikel ini menggunakan kata "orang perahu" hanya merujuk kepada orang-orang yang meninggalkan Vietnam menggunakan perahu dan pindah ke negara lain. (Lihat [[krisis pengungsi Indochina]] untuk ikhtisarnya.) Jumlah orang perahu yang meninggalkan Vietnam dan pindah ke negara lainnya berjumlah sekitar 800,000 antara 1975 dan 1995. Beberapa pengungsi gagal untuk bertahan hidup, menghadapi bahaya dan disiksa oleh bajak laut, kapalnya penuh sesak, dan badai. Tujuan pertama orang perahu tersebut adalah negara-negara [[Asia Tenggara]] yakni [[Malaysia]], [[Indonesia]], [[Thailand]], [[Filipina]], dan [[Singapura]] ditambah koloni Britania [[Hong Kong Britania\|Hong Kong]]. == Latar belakang == [[~~File~~Berkas:~~Boat~~South ~~people~~China ~~family~~Sea.~~gif~~...A refugee woman cares for three small children on the replenishment oiler USS Wabash, AOR-5.... - NARA - 558538.jpg\|~~thumb~~jmpl\|200px\|Sebuah keluarga orang perahu diselamatkan oleh sebuah kapal Angkatan Laut A.S.]] [[~~File~~Berkas:Processed Vietnamese refugees.jpg\|~~thumb~~jmpl\|200px\|Orang-orang perahu Vietnam yang diselamatkan sedang akan diberikan air.]] Perang Vietnam berakhir pada 30 April 1975 dengan [[Jatuhnya Saigon]] oleh [[PAVN\|Tentara Vietnam Utara]] dan evakuasi lebih dari 130,000 Vietnam yang memiliki kaitan dengan Amerika Serikat atau pemerintahan [[Vietnam Selatan]]. == Monumen == [[~~File~~Berkas:Hamburg.Gedenkstein.Cap Anamur.wmt.jpg\|~~thumb~~jmpl\|Plat perunggu di [[Pelabuhan Hamburg]] dengan pemberian ucapan terima kasih para pengungsi Vietnam untuk kapal-kapal [[Cap Anamur]]]] [[File:~~Vietname~~Vietnamese Boat People Memorial, Captain Burke Park, Kangaroo Point, Queensland.~~JPG~~jpg \|~~thumb~~jmpl\|Monumen Orang Perahu Vietnam, di Brisbane, QLD, didedikasikan pada 02.12.2012, dieksekusi oleh Phillip Piperides]] ~~[[File:Boat People Memorial, Westminster, California.jpg\|thumb\|Monumen Orang Perahu, Westminster, California]]~~ Beberapa monumen dan tempat peringatan didirikan untuk mengenang bahaya-bahaya dan orang-orang, yang meninggal pada perjalanan untuk kabur dari Vietnam, yang meliputi: # [[Grand-Saconnex]], Switzerland (Februari 2006).<ref>[http://www.anhduong.net/Tincongdong/Jan06/DaiTuongNiem.htm Tượng đài ở Thụy Sĩ]</ref> # Kota [[Santa Ana, California]], AS (Februari 2006).<ref>http://hoahao.org/default.asp?catid=10&nid=7738{{Pranala mati\|date=Mei 2021 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> # [[Liège]], [[Belgium]] (Juli 2006).<ref>[http://www.rfa.org/vietnamese/in_depth/2006/07/06/InaugurationVnBoatPeopleMonumentBi_DHieu/ Radio Free Asia: Tượng đài ở Bỉ]{{Pranala mati\|date=Januari 2022 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> # [[Hamburg]], Jerman (Oktober 2006).<ref>{{de icon}} [http://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Kurzmeldungen/DE/2009/09/gedenkstein.html Report (Gedenkstein der Dankbarkeit)]{{Pranala mati\|date=Maret 2021 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }} and [http://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Bilderstrecken/20090912_Festakt_Hamburg.html?nn=109628&notFirst=false#Start Images]{{Pranala mati\|date=Maret 2021 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }} of inauguration ceremony on the site of the Ministry of Interior Germany</ref><ref>[{{Cite web \|url=http://www.viengiac.de/vn/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=175&Itemid=33 \|title=Tượng đài Hamburg] \|access-date=2014-12-04 \|archive-date=2008-03-04 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080304033951/http://viengiac.de/vn/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=175&Itemid=33 \|dead-url=yes }}</ref> # [[Troisdorf]], Jerman (Mei 2007) (5 tháng 2007)<ref>[http://www.rfa.org/vietnamese/in_depth/BoatPeopleMonumentInaugurationCelebrationGermany_MThuy-20070501.html?searchterm=None Radio Free Asia: Tượng đài ở Đức]</ref><ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/vietnamese/vietnam/story/2007/05/070502_viet_monument.shtml</ref> # [[Footscray, Victoria\|Footscray]] (Jensen Park Reserve di [[Melbourne]]), Australia (Juni 2008).<ref>[http://franklin.dpc.vic.gov.au/domino/Web_Notes/newmedia.nsf/e741a3eefa539841ca256c8c0016eaac/15919ba0bf49572cca25747300057667!OpenDocument Hulls unveils Vietnamese Boat People Memorial]{{Pranala mati\|date=April 2021 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> # [[Bagneux, Hauts-de-Seine]], ~~Perancis~~Prancis (11 Mei 2008).<ref>[http://www.vnbp.org/vietnamese/memorial/monuments/france/index.htm Hình ảnh công trình đài tưởng niệm tại Bagneaux, Pháp, trong khuôn viên chùa Khánh Anh]</ref><ref>[http://www.rfa.org/vietnamese/in_depth/boat-people-once-accused-by-hanoi-as-traitor-and-now-vietnam-thousands-of-miles-away-intestine-sections-05012009155937.html Liệt kê đài tưởng niệm Thuyền nhân trên thế giới]</ref> # [[Westminster, California]] (April 2009), oleh ViVi Vo Hung Kiet.<ref>[http://www.vietbao.com/?ppid=45&pid=45&nid=142504 ''Việt Báo'': Tượng đài Thuyền nhân ở Westminster]</ref><ref>[{{Cite web \|url=http://calitoday.com/news/view_article.html?article_id=71fa7e95106aaf56228cd8a284b4e334 \|title=Thành phố Westminster và Tượng-đài Thuyền-nhân Việt-Nam] \|access-date=2014-12-04 \|archive-date=2009-05-31 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090531181529/http://www.calitoday.com/news/view_article.html?article_id=71fa7e95106aaf56228cd8a284b4e334 \|dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>[http://www.nguoi-viet.com/absolutenm/anmviewer.asp?a=94059&z=1 ''Người Việt'': Khánh-thành tượng-đài Westminster]{{Pranala mati\|date=November 2022 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> # Pelabuhan [[Landungsbruecken]] ([[Hamburg]]), Jerman (September 2009).<ref>[{{Cite web \|url=http://tvvn.org/tvvn/index.php?categoryid=68&p2_articleid=546 \|title=Tường thuật buổi lễ Khánh Thành Tượng Đài Tị Nạn Hamburg] \|access-date=2014-12-04 \|archive-date=2009-10-01 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001144404/http://tvvn.org/tvvn/index.php?categoryid=68&p2_articleid=546 \|dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>[{{Cite web \|url=http://www.lyhuong.net/viet/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1513:1513&catid=37:bandoc&Itemid=56 \|title=Ngày tri ân nhân dân Đức] \|access-date=2014-12-04 \|archive-date=2012-03-25 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325202739/http://www.lyhuong.net/viet/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1513:1513&catid=37:bandoc&Itemid=56 \|dead-url=yes }}</ref> # [[Pulau Galang]], Indonesia (dihancurkan) # [[Bidong Island]], Malaysia # Washington D.C., Amerika Serikat. # [[Genewa]], Switzerland # Kanada: Roundabout "Rond Point Saigon" # ~~Perancis~~Prancis: André Malraux intersection avenue and boulevard des Genets, komune Bussy-Saint-Georges, kota [[Marne-la-Vallée]] (12 September 2010).,<ref>[http://www.tuongdaibussy.com/ Tượng đài Bussy]{{Pranala mati\|date=April 2021 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> patung oleh pemahat Vũ Đình Lâm.<ref>[http://www.rfa.org/vietnamese/in_depth/The-opening-of-vietnamese-boat-people-monument-in-france-TuongAn-09212010223327.html "Hướng về tương lai với ''Niềm Mơ Ước của Mẹ''" Khánh thành tượng đài thuyền nhân]</ref> # [[Bankstown]], NSW, Australia (November 2011) di Saigon Place.<ref>[http://vietluanonline.com/11-11-11/KhanhthanhtuongdaithuyennhanVNoSydney.html Khánh thành tượng đài thuyền nhân Việt Nam ở Sydney]</ref> Ini adalah patung perunggu, memiliki berat lebih dari tiga ton oleh pemahat Terrence Plowright. # Tarempa di [[Anambas]], [[Indonesia]].<ref>[http://www.nguoi-viet.com/absolutenm2/templates/?a=141320&z=3 Khắc tên thuyền nhân trên đài tưởng niệm Indonesia]{{Pranala mati\|date=November 2022 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> # [[Brisbane, Queensland]], Australia (2 Desember 2012) oleh Phillip Piperides.<ref>[{{Cite web \|url=http://www.nguoi-viet.com/absolutenm2/templates/viewarticlesNVO.aspx?articleid=158835&zoneid=3#.UMQtt4XlE7A \|title=Queensland khánh thành tượng đài Thuyền nhân] \|access-date=2014-12-04 \|archive-date=2014-12-09 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141209005718/http://www.nguoi-viet.com/absolutenm2/templates/viewarticlesNVO.aspx?articleid=158835&zoneid=3#.UMQtt4XlE7A \|dead-url=yes }}</ref> # Perth, Australia Barat, Australia (1 November 2013) di Wade Street Park Reserve. monumen setinggi 5.5 meter karya pemahat Coral Lowry.<ref>[http://perthvoiceinteractive.com/2013/11/01/boat-people-say-thanks-australia/ "Boat people say ‘thanks, Australia’"]</ref> == Catatan == {{Reflist}} == Daftar pustaka == * Martin Tsamenyi ''The Vietnamese boat people and international law'', Nathan: Griffith University, 1981 * Steve Roberts ''From Every End of This Earth: 13 Families and the New Lives They Made in America'' (novel, a.o. on Vietnamese family), 2009. Baris 48 ⟶ 47: == Pranala luar == {{Commons category}} * [http://www.throughmyeyes.org.uk/server/show/nav.23334 Through My Eyes Website] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004153957/http://www.throughmyeyes.org.uk/server/show/nav.23334 \|date=2011-10-04 }} Imperial War Museum - Online Exhibition (images, video and interviews with Vietnam War refugees, including Boat People) * [http://www.civilization.ca/cmc/exhibitions/cultur/vietnam/viint00e.shtml The Canadian Museum of Civilization - Boat People No Longer] * [http://www.cbc.ca/archives/categories/society/immigration/boat-people-a-refugee-crisis/topic---boat-people-a-refugee-crisis.html Boat people - a refugee crisis]: [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation\|CBC]] Archives footage Baris 54 ⟶ 53: * [http://www.vnbp.org/ Archive of Vietnamese Boatpeople] * [http://multiculturalcanada.ca/vietnamese Oral History Interviews with 15 Canadian Vietnamese Boat People] * [~~http~~https://web.archive.org/web/20030405185711/http://edition.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2000/vietnam/story/boat.people/ Vietnam's boat people: 25 years of fears, hopes and dreams], [[CNN]] [[Kategori:Vietnam dalam tahun 1979]]