Unjuk rasa petani India 2020–2021: Perbedaan antara revisi

Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif

← Revisi sebelumnya

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan

VisualTeks wiki

Revisi per 7 Januari 2021 01.19 sunting Urang Kamang (bicara \| kontrib) Peninjau, Pengembali revisi 41.545 suntingan Terjemah enwiki Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler ← Revisi sebelumnya		Revisi terkini sejak 11 Februari 2023 15.22 sunting balikkan Arya-Bot (bicara \| kontrib) Bot, Pengecualian blokir IP 261.428 suntingan k pembersihan kosmetika dasar, added orphan tag Tag: AWB
(9 revisi perantara oleh 6 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1: {{Orphan\|date=Februari 2023}} ~~{{Akan dikerjakan\|Blue Sonic}}~~ {{Infobox civil conflict \| partof = Baris 51 ⟶ 52: 1338 situs menara telekomunikasi rusak (per 27 Des)<ref name=":5" />}} '''Unjuk rasa petani India ~~2020~~2020–2021''' adalah ~~protes~~unjuk rasa berkelanjutan terhadap [[Undang-undang pertanian India 2020\|tiga ~~tindakan~~undang-undang pertanian]] yang disahkan oleh [[Parlemen India]] pada September 2020. Tindakan tersebut telah digambarkan sebagai "undang-undang anti-petani" oleh banyak serikat petani,<ref>{{cite news \|first1=Vaibhav \|last1=Palnitkar \|date=21 September 2020 \|url=https://www.thequint.com/news/india/farmers-protesting-the-3-new-ordinances \|title=Here's Why Farmers Are Protesting the 3 New Agriculture Ordinances \|work=[[The Quint]] \|access-date=28 October 2020 \|archive-date=31 October 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031113722/https://www.thequint.com/news/india/farmers-protesting-the-3-new-ordinances \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|last1=Gettleman\|first1=Jeffrey\|last2=Singh\|first2=Karan Deep\|last3=Kumar\|first3=Hari\|date=30 November 2020\|title=Angry Farmers Choke India's Capital in Giant Demonstrations\|language=en-US\|work=The New York Times\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/30/world/asia/india-farmers-protest.html\|access-date=1 December 2020\|issn=0362-4331\|archive-date=1 December 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201005737/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/30/world/asia/india-farmers-protest.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> dan politisi dari oposisi juga mengatakan hal itu akan membuat petani berada dalam "belas kasihan perusahaan".<ref>{{Cite news\|date=15 June 2020\|title=Ordinance to put farmers at mercy of corporates\|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/ordinance-to-put-farmers-at-mercy-of-corporates-99720\|access-date=2 December 2020\|work=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)]]\|language=en\|archive-date=11 December 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211211443/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/ordinance-to-put-farmers-at-mercy-of-corporates-99720\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|date=22 September 2020 \|title=Now, farmers will be back to serfdom, at the mercy of big corporates: Manish Tewari \|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/national-politics/now-farmers-will-be-back-to-serfdom-at-the-mercy-of-big-corporates-manish-tewari-891010.html \|access-date=2 December 2020 \|first1=Sagar \|last1=Kulkarni \|work=[[Deccan Herald]] \|language=en \|archive-date=6 October 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201006071235/https://www.deccanherald.com/national/national-politics/now-farmers-will-be-back-to-serfdom-at-the-mercy-of-big-corporates-manish-tewari-891010.html \|url-status=live }}</ref> Namun, pemerintah bersikeras bahwa mereka akan mempermudah petani untuk menjual produknya langsung ke pembeli besar, dan menyatakan bahwa unjuk rasa tersebut didasarkan pada informasi yang salah.<ref>{{Cite news \|date=28 September 2020 \|title=Farmers across India protest against farm bills. In photos \|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/farmers-across-india-protest-against-farm-bills-in-photos/story-cQBssQF5wg7Cc5AhgJPxQM.html \|access-date=7 October 2020 \|editor1-first=Prashasti \|editor1-last=Singh \|work=[[Hindustan Times]] \|language=en \|archive-date=5 October 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005065413/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/farmers-across-india-protest-against-farm-bills-in-photos/story-cQBssQF5wg7Cc5AhgJPxQM.html \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="HindustanTimes28Sep20_">{{Cite news\|date=28 September 2020\|title=PM Modi reaches out to farmers amid anger\|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/modi-reaches-out-to-farmers-amid-anger/story-1MHpfr7HzKsR58EBVb00NP.html\|access-date=7 October 2020\|work=[[Hindustan Times]]\|language=en\|archive-date=8 October 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008085754/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/modi-reaches-out-to-farmers-amid-anger/story-1MHpfr7HzKsR58EBVb00NP.html\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="TimesOfIndia28Sep20_">{{Cite news\|last=Mathur\|first=Swati\|date=28 September 2020\|title=Farm bills 2020: President Kovind gives assent to controversial farm bills, laws come into force immediately\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/amid-intensifying-protests-president-kovind-gives-assent-to-controversial-farm-bills-laws-come-into-force-immediately/articleshow/78352115.cms\|access-date=7 October 2020\|work=[[The Times of India]]\|language=en\|archive-date=3 October 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201003163830/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/amid-intensifying-protests-president-kovind-gives-assent-to-controversial-farm-bills-laws-come-into-force-immediately/articleshow/78352115.cms\|url-status=live}}</ref> Segera setelah tindakan tersebut diperkenalkan, serikat pekerja mulai mengadakan ~~protes~~unjuk rasa lokal, sebagian besar di [[Punjab]]. Setelah dua bulan ~~protes~~unjuk rasa, serikat petani —terutama dari Punjab, [[Rajasthan]] dan [[Haryana]]— memulai sebuah gerakan bernama ''Dilhi Chalo'' ({{~~Translation~~lang-id\|Ayo ke Delhi}}), di mana puluhan ribu serikat petani berbaris menuju ibu kota negara. Pemerintah India memerintahkan polisi dan penegak hukum di berbagai negara bagian untuk menyerang serikat petani dengan menggunakan meriam air, pentungan, dan gas air mata untuk mencegah serikat petani memasuki [[Haryana]] terlebih dahulu dan kemudian [[Delhi]]. Pada tanggal 26 November pemogokan umum nasional yang melibatkan sekitar 250 juta orang terjadi untuk mendukung serikat petani.<ref name="DeccanHerald_25crore"/> Pada tanggal 30 November, ''[[India Today]]'' memperkirakan bahwa antara 200.000 dan 300.000 petani berkumpul di berbagai titik perbatasan dalam perjalanan ke Delhi.<ref name="IndiaToday_2to3lakh_Delhi_siege" /> Lebih dari 50 serikat petani telah memprotes, sedangkan Pemerintah India mengklaim beberapa serikat telah keluar untuk mendukung undang-undang pertanian.<ref>{{Cite web\|date=1 December 2020\|title=Farmer unions agree to sit for talks with the government today\|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/farmer-unions-agree-to-sit-for-talks-with-the-government-today-11606810557943.html\|access-date=3 December 2020\|website=mint\|language=en\|archive-date=1 December 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201090641/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/farmer-unions-agree-to-sit-for-talks-with-the-government-today-11606810557943.html\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web\|date=17 December 2020\|title='I come from farming family,' Tomar writes open letter to farmers; PM Modi urges to read\|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/tomar-writes-open-letter-to-farmers-says-misunderstanding-created-regarding-reforms/story-rMono1UvhISTvdVNmM1HSM.html\|access-date=18 December 2020\|website=Hindustan Times\|language=en\|archive-date=17 December 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217173144/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/tomar-writes-open-letter-to-farmers-says-misunderstanding-created-regarding-reforms/story-rMono1UvhISTvdVNmM1HSM.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> Serikat transportasi yang mewakili lebih dari 14 juta pengemudi truk telah mendukung serikat petani, mengancam untuk menghentikan pergerakan pasokan di negara bagian tertentu.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web\|date=2 December 2020\|title=Farmers' protest: Transporters threaten to halt operations in North India from Dec 8\|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/farmers-protest-transporters-threaten-to-halt-operations-in-north-india-from-dec-8-178997\|access-date=3 December 2020\|website=Tribuneindia News Service\|language=en\|archive-date=3 December 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203121859/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/farmers-protest-transporters-threaten-to-halt-operations-in-north-india-from-dec-8-178997\|url-status=live}}</ref> Setelah pemerintah tidak menerima tuntutan serikat petani selama pembicaraan pada 4 Desember, serikat petani berencana untuk meningkatkan aksi tersebut ke pemogokan di seluruh India pada 8 Desember 2020. Pemerintah menawarkan beberapa amandemen dalam undang-undang, tetapi serikat meminta untuk mencabut undang-undang.<ref name="AJE_protests_to_intensify" /> Sejak 12 Desember, serikat petani mengambil alih alun-alun tol di [[Haryana]] dan mengizinkan pergerakan kendaraan secara bebas.<ref>{{Cite web\|date=12 December 2020\|title=Farmers lay siege to toll plazas in Haryana, allow free movement of vehicles\|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/farmers-overpower-staff-at-toll-plazas-on-chandigarh-delhi-highway-allow-free-movement-of-vehicles/story-hxe6t1eqdUYD142XATlpPM.html\|access-date=13 December 2020\|website=Hindustan Times\|language=en\|archive-date=12 December 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212045841/https://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/farmers-overpower-staff-at-toll-plazas-on-chandigarh-delhi-highway-allow-free-movement-of-vehicles/story-hxe6t1eqdUYD142XATlpPM.html\|url-status=live}}</ref> Pada pertengahan Desember, [[Mahkamah Agung India]] telah menerima sejumlah petisi terkait penghapusan blokade yang dibuat oleh pengunjuk rasa di sekitar Delhi. Mahkamah Agung juga bermaksud untuk melanjutkan negosiasi dengan berbagai badan serikat petani yang memprotes.<ref name=":SC6">{{Cite web\|date=16 December 2020\|title=Farm protests: Supreme Court intends to set up committee for negotiations, posts matter for Thursday\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/farm-protests-sc-to-set-up-committee-for-negotiations-posts-matter-for-thursday/articleshow/79755452.cms\|access-date=17 December 2020\|website=The Times of India\|language=en\|archive-date=16 December 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216232944/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/farm-protests-sc-to-set-up-committee-for-negotiations-posts-matter-for-thursday/articleshow/79755452.cms\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web\|last=Vaidyanathan\|first=A\|date=16 December 2020\|editor-last=Sanyal\|editor-first=Anindita\|title=Centre-Farmers' Committee, Suggests Supreme Court, Or "Talks Will Fail"\|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/farm-laws-row-supreme-court-says-government-negotiations-wont-work-proposes-panel-that-includes-centre-farmers-2339353\|access-date=17 December 2020\|website=NDTV\|archive-date=17 December 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217002139/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/farm-laws-row-supreme-court-says-government-negotiations-wont-work-proposes-panel-that-includes-centre-farmers-2339353\|url-status=live}}</ref> Mahkamah Agung juga meminta pemerintah untuk menunda undang-undang, yang mereka tolak.<ref>{{Cite web\|last1=Dec 18\|first1=Dhananjay Mahapatra / TNN / Updated\|last2=2020\|last3=Ist\|first3=08:50\|title=Delhi farmers protest news: Consider putting on hold new farm laws, says Supreme Court to govt {{!}} India News – Times of India\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/consider-putting-on-hold-new-farm-laws-sc-to-govt/articleshow/79786670.cms\|access-date=19 December 2020\|website=The Times of India\|language=en\|archive-date=18 December 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218194622/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/consider-putting-on-hold-new-farm-laws-sc-to-govt/articleshow/79786670.cms\|url-status=live}}</ref> Pada 4 Januari 2021 Mahkamah Agung mendaftarkan permohonan pertama yang diajukan untuk mendukung para petani yang melakukan ~~protes~~unjuk rasa.<ref name=":14" /> Pada tanggal 30 Desember, Pemerintah India menyetujui dua tuntutan petani; mengeluarkan petani dari undang-undang polusi baru dan mencabut amandemen Undang-undang Listrik baru dan tuntutan lainnya akan dibahas oleh kedua belah pihak pada 4 Januari.<ref>{{cite news \|title=Govt agrees on power subsidy, stubble curbs; talks on MSP, repeal to continue \|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/farmers-protest-government-msp-7127009/ \|work=The Indian Express \|date=31 December 2020 \|language=en \|access-date=31 December 2020 \|archive-date=31 December 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201231025537/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/farmers-protest-government-msp-7127009/ \|url-status=live }}</ref> Sampai 4 Januari 2021, tujuh putaran pembicaraan telah berlangsung antara pusat dan petani (diwakili oleh serikat petani).<ref name=":03" /> Baris 61 ⟶ 62: == Referensi == <references/> [[Kategori:Unjuk rasa pada tahun 2020]]