Pekerja anak: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

'''Pekerja anak''' adalah sebuah istilah untuk mempekerjakan anak kecil. Istilah ''pekerja anak'' dapat memiliki konotasi [[eksploitasi|pengeksploitasian]] anak kecil atas tenaga mereka, dengan gaji yang kecil atau pertimbangan bagi perkembangan kepribadian mereka, keamanannya, kesehatan, dan prospek masa depan.

 

 

Meskipun ada beberapa anak yang mengatakan dia ingin bekerja (karena bayarannya yang menarik atau karena anak tersebut tidak suka sekolah), hal tersebut tetap merupakan hal yang tidak diinginkan karena tidak menjamin masa depan anak tersebut. Namun beberapa kelompok hak pemuda merasa bahwa pelarangan kerja di bawah umur tertentu melanggar hak manusia.

 

 

 

International concern has recently been raised in regard to an implied moral complicity of the buying public with child exploitation, through the purchase of products assembled or otherwise manufactured with child labor. However, some express concerns that boycotting products manufactured through child labor may force these children to turn to more dangerous professions due to necessity, such as prostitution or [[agriculture]]. For example, a [[UNICEF]] study found that that 5,000 to 7,000 [[Nepal]]ese children turned to prostitution after the U.S. banned that country's [[carpet]] exports in the [[1990s]]. Also, after the [[Child Labor Deterrence Act]] was introduced in the US as estimated 50,000 children were dimissed from their garment industry jobs in [[Bangladesh]], leaving many to resort to jobs such as "stone-crushing, street hustling, and prostitution," --"all of them more hazardous and exploitatitive than garment production" according to a UNICEF study. [http://www.unicef.org/sowc97/]

Individuals, corporations, nations, and other entities can often be active in a deliberate, systematic, use of children for their labor, while others will ignore such abuse.

 

 

In the west, during the [[Industrial Revolution]], use of child labour was commonplace, often in factories. In [[England]] and [[Scotland]] in 1788, about two-thirds of person working in the new water-powered textile factories were children ([http://www.galbithink.org/child.htm]). Child factory workers who were best able to cope with factory work become adult factory workers, and the composition of the factory labor force shifted toward adults before significant legislative intervention. Subsequently a series of [[Factory Act]]s were passed to gradually restrict the hours that children were allowed to work, and to improve safety. The United States also has extensive [[Child labor in the United States|child labor laws]]. In the 1990s every country in the world, expect for [[Somalia]] and the United States, became a signatory to the [[Convention on the Rights of the Child]], or CRC. The CRC provides the strongest, most consistent international legal language prohibiting illegal child labor.

 

== Topik berhubungan ==

* [[International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour]], IPEC

* [[Sweatshop]]

* [[Tentara anak]]

* [[Prostitusi anak]]

* [[IREWOC]] - Institute for Research on Working Children

* [[Youth activism]]

'''International Conventions and other Instruments:'''

 

'''Jenis program yang memfokuskan kepada pekerja anak'''

 

'''Program negara-tertentu:'''

 

== Pranala luar ==

* [http://samvak.tripod.com/childlabor.html Ethical and economic considerations in child labor]

* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4070746.stm Lightening the load of child miners - BBC]

* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3795503.stm Child labour challenge toughens - BBC]

* [http://www.cato.org/dailys/10-08-02.html Child Labor or Prostitution?]

* [http://www.galbithink.org/child.htm Child labor and the division of labor in the early English cotton mills]

 

 

[[Kategori:Anak-anak]]