Alfabet fonetik NATO: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
InternetArchiveBot (bicara | kontrib)
Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8
Rafka Aditia (bicara | kontrib)
Membalikkan revisi 22990019 oleh 182.1.177.86 (bicara)
Tag: Pembatalan halaman dengan galat kutipan
 
(24 revisi perantara oleh 10 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1:
{{distinguish|Alfabet Fonetik Internasional}}
[[Berkas:FAA Phonetic and Morse Chart2.svg|jmpl|350px|ka|Alfabet radiotelefoni FAA dan tabel [[kode Morse]]]]{{listen|filename=NATO_Phonetic_Alphabet_reading.ogg|title=ICAO phonetic alphabet|description=rekaman suara: alfabet fonetik ICAO}}
 
Baris 19 ⟶ 20:
== Pengucapan kode ==
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |Simbol!! rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;" | Kode
!'''Pengucapan''' ([[Alfabet Fonetik Internasional|AFI]])<ref>DIN 5009:2022-06, Anhang B: Buchstabiertafel der ICAO („Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet“)</ref>
! colspan="7" |'''Versi pengucapan yang berlawanan'''
|-
! Konvensi IPA ICAO 2008<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.icao.int/Meetings/anconf12/Document%20Archive/AN10_V2_cons%5B1%5D.pdf|title=Annex 10 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation: Aeronauticatl Telecommunications; Volume II Communication Procedures including those with PANS status|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-11-01}}</ref>
! Ejaan ulang ICAO 2008<ref name=":3" />
! Ejaan ulang ITU-R 2007 (WRC-07)<ref name="ITU" />
!Ejaan ulang IMO{{Citation needed|date=November 2017}}
! Ejaan ulang FAA<ref name="FAA-ATC" /><ref name="FAA-AIM" />
! SIA<ref name="SIO">Service de l'Information Aéronautique, [https://www.sia.aviation-civile.gouv.fr/dossier/texteregle/RADIOTEL_V2.pdf ''Radiotéléphonie''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102163739/https://www.sia.aviation-civile.gouv.fr/dossier/texteregle/RADIOTEL_V2.pdf|date=2 November 2014}}, 2nd edition, 2006</ref><br>(France aeronautical)
! Ejaan ulang NATO & AD A.S.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.army.com/info/alphabet|title=Military phonetic alphabet by US Army|date=2014-03-14|publisher=Army.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140802155839/http://army.com/info/alphabet|archivedate=2 August 2014|deadurl=no|accessdate=2014-08-11|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
! align="center" | [[A]]
| '''Alfa'''<!--Apparent misspelling only. The correct spelling is Alfa, not Alpha. Chosen by ICAO to facilitate English pronunciation for non-English speakers.-->
| {{IPA|ˈælfaˈalfa}}
|<u>AL</u> FAH
|<u>AL</u> FAH
|<u>AL</u> FAH
|'''AL'''FAH atau <br>AL-FAH
| <u>al</u> fah
|AL fah
|-
! align="center" | [[B]]
|'''Bravo'''
| {{IPA|ˈbraːˈvoˈbravo}}
|<u>BRAH</u> VOH
|<u>BRAH</u> VOH
|<u>BRAH</u> VOH<br><small>(1955: <u>BRAH</u> <u>VOH</u>)</small>
|'''BRAH'''VOH atau <br>BRAH-VO
| <u>bra</u> <u>vo</u>
|BRAH voh
|-
! align="center" | [[C]]
|'''Charlie'''
| {{IPA|ˈtʃɑːliˈtʃali}}&nbsp;''oratau'' <br>{{IPA|ˈʃɑːliˈʃali}}
|<u>CHAR</u> LEE atau <u>SHAR</u> LEE
|<u>CHAR</u> LEE atau <u>SHAR</u> LEE
|<u>CHAR</u> LEE
|'''CHAR'''LEE atau <br>CHAR-LEE
| <u>tchah</u> li, <br><u>char</u> li
|CHAR lee
|-
! align="center" | [[D]]
|'''Delta'''
| {{IPA|ˈdeltɑˈdɛlta}}
|<u>DELL</u> TAH
|<u>DELL</u> TAH
|<u>DELL</u> TAH
|'''DELL'''TAH atau <br>DELL-TAH
| <u>del</u> tah
|DEL tah
|-
! align="center" | [[E]]
|'''Echo'''
| {{IPA|ˈekoˈɛko}}
|<u>ECK</u> OH
|<u>ECK</u> OH
|<u>ECK</u> OH
|'''ECK'''OH atau <br>ECK-OH
| <u>èk</u> o
|EKK oh
|-
! align="center" | [[F]]
|'''Foxtrot'''
| {{IPA|ˈfɔkstrɔtˈfɔks.trɔt}}
|<u>FOKS</u> TROT
|<u>FOKS</u> TROT
|<u>FOKS</u> TROT
|'''FOKS'''TROT atau <br>FOKS-TROT
| <u>fox</u> trott
|FOKS trot
|-
! align="center" | [[G]]
|'''Golf'''
| {{IPA|ɡʌlfˈɡɔlf}}
|GOLF
|GOLF
|GOLF
|GOLF
| <u>golf</u>
|Golf
|-
! align="center" | [[H]]
|'''Hotel'''
| {{IPA|hoːˈtelhoˈtɛl}}
|HOH <u>TELL</u>
|HOH <u>TELL</u>
|HOH <u>TELL</u>
|HOH'''TELL''' atau <br>HOH-TELL
| ho <u>tèll</u>
|HO tell
|-
! align="center" | [[I]]
|<!--Do not change; it's India, not indigo-->'''India'''
| {{IPA|ˈindi.ɑˈɪndia}}
|<u>IN</u> DEE AH
|<u>IN</u> DEE AH
|<u>IN</u> DEE AH
|'''IN'''DEE AH atau <br>IN-DEE-AH
| <u>in</u> di ah
|IN dee ah
|-
! align="center" | [[J]]
| '''Juliett'''<!--Apparent misspelling only. Chosen by ICAO to facilitate English pronunciation for non-English speakers.-->
| {{IPA|ˈdʒuːli.ˈetˈdʒuliˈɛt}}
|<u>JEW</u> LEE <u>ETT</u>
|<u>JEW</u> LEE <u>ETT</u>
|<u>JEW</u> LEE <u>ETT</u>
|'''JEW'''LEE ETT atau <br>JEW-LEE-ETT
| <u>djou</u> li ètt
|JEW lee ett
|-
! align="center" | [[K]]
|'''Kilo'''
| {{IPA|ˈkiːloˈkilo}}
|<u>KEY</u> LOH
|<u>KEY</u> LOH
|<u>KEY</u> LOH
|'''KEY'''LOH atau <br>KEY-LOH
| <u>ki</u> lo
|KEY loh
|-
! align="center" | [[L]]
|'''Lima'''
| {{IPA|ˈliːmɑˈlima}}
|<u>LEE</u> MAH
|<u>LEE</u> MAH
|<u>LEE</u> MAH
|'''LEE'''MAH atau <br>LEE-MAH
| <u>li</u> mah
|LEE mah
|-
! align="center" | [[M]]
|'''Mike'''
| {{IPA|mɑikˈmai̯k}}
|MIKE
|MIKE
|MIKE
|MIKE
| <u>ma</u>ïk
|Mike
|-
! align="center" | [[N]]
|'''November'''
| {{IPA|noˈvembənoˈvɛmba}}
|NO <u>VEM</u> BER
|NO <u>VEM</u> BER
|NO <u>VEM</u> BER
|NO'''VEM'''BER atau <br>NO-VEM-BER
| no <u>vèmm</u> ber
|NOH vem ber
|-
! align="center" | [[O]]
|'''Oscar'''
| {{IPA|ˈɔskɑˈɔska}}
|<u>OSS</u> CAH
|<u>OSS</u> CAH
|<u>OSS</u> CAH
|'''OSS'''-SCAR atau <br>OSS-CAR
| <u>oss</u> kar
|OSS car
|-
! align="center" | [[P]]
|'''Papa'''
| {{IPA|pəˈpɑpaˈpa}}
|PAH <u>PAH</u>
|PAH <u>PAH</u>
|PAH <u>PAH</u>
|PAH'''PAH''' atau <br>PAH-PAH
| pah <u>pah</u>
|PAH pah
|-
! align="center" | [[Q]]
|'''Quebec'''
| {{IPA|keˈbekkeˈbɛk}}
|KEH <u>BECK</u>
|KEH <u>BECK</u>
|KEH <u>BECK</u>
|KEH'''BECK''' atau <br>KWUH-BECK
| ké <u>bèk</u>
|keh BECK
|-
! align="center" | [[R]]
|'''Romeo'''
| {{IPA|ˈroːmi.oˈromio}}
|<u>ROW</u> ME OH
|<u>ROW</u> ME OH
|<u>ROW</u> ME OH
|'''ROW'''ME OH atau <br>ROW-ME-OH
| <u>ro</u> mi o
|ROW me oh
|-
! align="center" | [[S]]
| '''Sierra'''
| {{IPA|siˈerɑsiˈɛrɑ}}
|SEE <u>AIR</u> RAH
|SEE <u>AIR</u> RAH
|SEE <u>AIR</u> RAH
|SEE'''AIR'''AH atau <br>SEE-AIR-AH
| si <u>èr</u> rah
|see AIR ah
|-
! align="center" | [[T]]
|'''Tango'''
| {{IPA|ˈtænɡoˈtaŋɡo}}
|<u>TANG</u> OH
|<u>TANG</u> GO
|<u>TANG</u> GO
|'''TANG'''GO atau <br>TANG-GO
| <u>tang</u> go
|TANG go
|-
! align="center" | [[U]]
|'''Uniform'''
| {{IPA|ˈjuːnifɔːmˈjunifɔm}}&nbsp;''oratau'' <br>{{IPA|ˈuːnifɔrmˈunifɔm}}
|<u>YOU</u> NEE FORM atau <u>OO</u> NEE FORM
|{{nowrap|<u>YOU</u> NEE FORM</u>}} atau <br><u>OO</u> NEE FORM
|{{nowrap|<u>YOU</u> NEE FORM</u>}} atau <br><u>OO</u> NEE FORM
|'''YOU'''NEE FORM atau <br>{{nowrap|YOU-NEE-FORM}} atau <br>OO-NEE-FORM
| <u>you</u> ni form, <br><u>ou</u> ni form
|{{nowrap|YOU nee form}}
|-
! align="center" | [[V]]
|'''Victor'''
| {{IPA|ˈviktɑˈvɪkta}}
|<u>VIK</u> TAH
|<u>VIK</u> TAH
|<u>VIK</u> TAH
|'''VIK'''TAH atau <br>VIK-TAR
| <u>vik</u> tar
|VIK ter
|-
! align="center" | [[W]]
|'''Whiskey'''
| {{IPA|ˈwiskiˈwɪski}}
|<u>WISS</u> KEY
|<u>WISS</u> KEY
|<u>WISS</u> KEY
|'''WISS'''KEY atau <br>WISS-KEY
| <u>ouiss</u> ki
|WISS key
|-
! align="center" | [[X]]
|'''X-rayXray''' <br><span style="font-size:87%;"> atau '''Xrayx-ray''' </span>
| {{IPA|ˈeksˈreiˈɛksrei̯}}
|<u>ECKS</u> <u>RAY</u>
|<u>ECKS</u> <u>RAY</u>
|<u>ECKS</u> <u>RAY</u>
|'''ECK'''SRAY {{sic}} atau <br>ECKS-RAY
| <u>èkss</u> <u>ré</u>
|EKS ray
|-
! align="center" | [[Y]]
|'''Yankee'''
| {{IPA|ˈjænkiˈjaŋki}}
|<u>YANG</u> KEY
|<u>YANG</u> KEY
|<u>YANG</u> KEY
|'''YAN'''GKEY {{sic}} atau <br>YANG-KEY
| <u>yang</u> ki
|YANG kee
|-
! align="center" | [[Z]]
|'''Zulu'''
| {{IPA|ˈzuːluːˈzulu}}
|<u>ZOO</u> LOO
|<u>ZOO</u> LOO
|<u>ZOO</u> LOO
|'''ZOO'''LOO atau <br>ZOO-LOO
| <u>zou</u> lou
|ZOO luu
|-
![[0 (number)|0]]
|Zero
| {{IPA|ˈziro}}
|
|ZE-RO
|NAH-DAH-ZAY-ROH
|NADAZERO
|Zero
|<u>zi</u> <u>ro</u>
|ZE-RO
|-
![[1 (number)|1]]
|One
| {{IPA|ˈwan}}
|
|WUN
|OO-NAH-WUN
|UNAONE
|One
|<u>ouann</u>
|<span style="font-size:87%;">WUN; Won (USMC)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tecom.marines.mil/Portals/120/Docs/Student%20Materials/CREST%20Manual/RP0506.pdf|title=RP 0506 – Field Communication|date=|format=PDF|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924113817/http://www.tecom.marines.mil/Portals/120/Docs/Student%20Materials/CREST%20Manual/RP0506.pdf|archivedate=24 September 2015|deadurl=no|accessdate=2014-08-11|df=dmy-all}}</ref></span>
|-
![[2 (number)|2]]
|Two
| {{IPA|ˈtu}}
|
|TOO
|BEES-SOH-TOO
|BISSOTWO
|Two
|<u>tou</u>
|TOO
|-
![[3 (number)|3]]
|Three
| {{IPA|ˈtri}}
|
|TREE
|TAY-RAH-TREE
|TERRATHREE
|Three
|<u>tri</u>
|TREE
|-
![[4 (number)|4]]
|Four
| {{IPA|ˈfoa}}
|
|FOW-er
|KAR-TAY-FOWER
|KARTEFOUR
|Four
|<u>fo</u> eur
|FOW-ER
|-
![[5 (number)|5]]
|Five
| {{IPA|ˈfai̯f}}
|
|FIFE
|PAN-TAH-FIVE
|PANTAFIVE
|Five
|<u>fa</u> <u>ïf</u><!--clearly a spacing error: no need for the diaeresis if there were two syllables-->
|FIFE
|-
![[6 (number)|6]]
|Six
| {{IPA|ˈsɪks}}
|
|SIX
|SOK-SEE-SIX
|SOXISIX
|Six
|<u>siks</u>
|SIX
|-
![[7 (number)|7]]
|Seven
| {{IPA|ˈsɛvən}}
|
|SEV-en
|SAY-TAY-SEVEN
|SETTESEVEN
|Seven
|<u>sèv</u> n
|SEV-EN
|-
![[8 (number)|8]]
|Eight
| {{IPA|ˈei̯t}}
|
|AIT
|OK-TOH-AIT
|OKTOEIGHT
|Eight
|<u>eït</u>
|AIT
|-
![[9 (number)|9]]
|Nine
| {{IPA|ˈnai̯na}}
|
|NIN-er
|NO-VAY-NINER
|NOVENINE
|Niner
|<u>naï</u> neu
|NIN-ER
|-
! ([[pemisah desimal]])
![[decimal point|.]] (decimal point)
|Decimal point
| {{IPA|ˈdeˈsiˈmal}}
|
|DAY-SEE-MAL
|
|
|POINT
|<u>dè</u> <u>si</u> <u>mal</u>
|DAY-SEE-MAL <span style="font-size:87%;">(ITU)</span>
|-
!00
![[hundred|100]]
|Hundred
| {{IPA|ˈhandrɛd}}
|
|HUN-dred
|
|
|
|<u>hun</u>-dred
|
|-
!000
![[thousand|1000]]
|Thousand
| {{IPA|ˈtau̯ˈzand}}
|
|TOU-SAND
|
|
|
|<u>taou</u> <u>zend</u>
|TOU-SAND
|-
! align="center" | [[Tanda hubung|-]] (hyphen)
|Hyphen
|'''Dash'''
| {{IPA|ˈhai̯fən}}
|
|
|
|imo
|faa
|
|
|-
![[full stop|.]] (full[[tanda stoptitik]])
|Stop
|Period
| {{IPA|ˈstɔp}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|STOP <span style="font-size:87%;">(ITU)</span>
|}
 
Baris 449 ⟶ 196:
* General Radiocommunication Regulations and Additional Radiocommunication Regulations (Kairo, 1938)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.itu.int/en/history/Pages/TelegraphAndTelephoneConferences.aspx?conf=4.29|title=General Radiocommunication Regulations and Additional Radiocommunication Regulations (Cairo, 1938)|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|accessdate=2017-10-30}}</ref>
* Radio Regulations and Additional Radio Regulations (Atlantic City, 1947),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://handle.itu.int/11.1004/020.1000/4.62.43.en.100|title=Radio Regulations and Additional Radio Regulations (Atlantic City, 1947)|accessdate=26 April 2015}}</ref> where "it was decided that the International Civil Aviation Organization and other international aeronautical organizations would assume the responsibility for procedures and regulations related to aeronautical communication. However, ITU would continue to maintain general procedures regarding distress signals."
* 1959 Administrative Radio Conference (Jenewa, 1959)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-s/oth/02/02/S02020000014502PDFE.pdf|title=Administrative Radio Conference (Geneva, 1959)|accessdate=26 April 2015|archive-date=2014-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215192629/http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-s/oth/02/02/S02020000014502PDFE.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
* [[ITU-R|International Telecommunications Union, Radio]]
* Final Acts of WARC-79 (Jenewa, 1979).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-s/oth/02/01/S02010000394002PDFE.PDF|title=Final Acts of WARC-79 (Geneva, 1979)|accessdate=26 April 2015|archive-date=2014-11-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141108170745/http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-s/oth/02/01/S02010000394002PDFE.PDF|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Here the alphabet was formally named "Phonetic Alphabet and Figure Code".
* International Code of Signals for Visual, Sound, and Radio Communications, United States Edition, 1969 (direvisi 2003)<ref>{{citation|title=International Code of Signals for Visual, Sound, and Radio Communications, United States Edition, 1969 (Revised 2003)|url=http://www.seasources.net/PDF/PUB102.pdf|year=1969|ref=CITEREFICS1969}} <!-- Another possible link for pub102:
{{cite web
Baris 473 ⟶ 220:
!ICAO Second Session of the Communications Division 1946 (sama seperti [[Allied Military Phonetic Spelling Alphabet|Joint Army/Navy]])<ref name=":32" />
!ICAO 1947 (sama seperti 1943 US-UK)
<ref name=":0" />
<ref name=":9">{{Cite book|title=CCBP 3-2: Combined Radiotelephone (R/T) Procedure|last=Myers, Capt., U.S.N.|first=G. B.|last2=Charles, Cdr., R.N.V.R.|first2=B. P.|date=1945-02-14|publisher=Combined Communications Board|year=1945|isbn=|location=Washington 25, D. C.|pages=1, 2}}</ref>
 
<ref name=":9">{{Cite book|title=CCBP 3-2: Combined Radiotelephone (R/T) Procedure|last=Myers, Capt., U.S.N.|first=G. B.|last2=Charles, Cdr., R.N.V.R.|first2=B. P.|date=1945-02-14|publisher=Combined Communications Board|year=1945|isbn=|location=Washington 25, D. C.|pages=1, 2}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=http://www.n7cfo.com/tgph/Dwnlds/sigcorps/FM24-12.pdf|title=FM 24-12,:Army Extract of Combined Operating Signals (CCBP 2-2)|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref><ref name=":0" />
!Alfabet ICAO 1947 (diadopsi dari ARRL)<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://marshallfoundation.org/library/wp-content/uploads/sites/16/2014/09/Friedman_Collection_Guide_September_2014.pdf|title=Item 48 in the Friedman Collection: Letter from Everett Conder to William F. Friedman, February 11, 1952.|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106201729/http://www.marshallfoundation.org/library/wp-content/uploads/sites/16/2014/09/Friedman_Collection_Guide_September_2014.pdf|archive-date=2021-11-06|dead-url=yes|access-date=}}</ref>
!ICAO Amerika Latin/Karibia 1947<ref name=":32" />
!Proposal IATA ke ICAO 1947<ref name=":32" />
Baris 1.306 ⟶ 1.053:
Untuk fonetik 1938 dan 1947, setiap pengucapan angka didahului dan diikuti oleh pengucapan "as a number" sebanyak dua kali.
 
ITU mengadopsi alfabet eja fonetik [[International Maritime Organization]] pada tahun 1959.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-s/oth/02/01/S020100004B4804PDFE.PDF|title=Documents of the World Administrative Radio Conference to deal with matters relating to the maritime mobile service (WARC Mar) (Geneva, 1967)|accessdate=26 April 2015|archive-date=2015-07-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710081939/http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-s/oth/02/01/S020100004B4804PDFE.PDF|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Tahun 1969, ITU menyatakan alasannya "untuk diterapkan pada komunikasi laut saja".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-s/oth/02/0A/S020A0000765302PDFE.PDF|title=Report on the Activities of The International Telecommunication Union in 1967|accessdate=26 April 2015|archive-date=2015-07-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710081915/http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-s/oth/02/0A/S020A0000765302PDFE.PDF|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
 
Pengucapan tidak ditetapkan sebelum 1959. Untuk fonetik 1959–sekarang, suku kata bergaris bawah di setiap kata-huruf harus dipertegas dan setiap suku kata kode angka (1969–sekarang) juga harus dipertegas.
Baris 1.320 ⟶ 1.067:
!ICAO Second Session of the Communications Division 1946 (sama seperti [[Allied Military Phonetic Spelling Alphabet|Joint Army/Navy]])<ref name=":32" />
!ICAO 1947 (sama seperti 1943 US-UK)
<ref name=":90" />
 
<ref name=":59" /><ref name=":05" />
!Alfabet ICAO 1947 (diadopsi dari ARRL)<ref name=":2" />
!ICAO Amerika Latin/Karibia 1947<ref name=":32" />