Jangan membunuh: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

{{Serial Sepuluh Perintah Allah}}

 

Keharusan untuk tidak membunuh ini adalah dalam konteks pembunuhan ''di luar hukum'' yang mengakibatkan&nbsp;"utang darah".<ref>{{en}} [https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0003_0_03145.html Bloodguilt, Jewish Virtual Library], Genesis 4:10, Genesis 9:6, Genesis 42:22, Exodus 22:2-2, Leviticus 17:4, Leviticus 20, Numbers 20, Deuteronomy 19, Deuteronomy 32:43, Joshua 2:19, Judges 9:24, 1 Samuel 25, 2 Samuel 1, 2 Samuel 21, 1 Kings 2, 1 Kings 21:19, 2 Kings 24:4, Psalm 9:12, Psalm 51:14, Psalm 106:38, Proverbs 6:17, Isaiah 1:15, Isaiah 26:21, Jeremiah 22:17, Lamentations 4:13, Ezekiel 9:9, Ezekiel 36:18, Hosea 4:2, Joel 3:19, Habakkuk 2:8, Matthew 23:30-35, Matthew 27:4, Luke 11:50-51, Romans 3:15, Revelation 6:10, Revelation 18:24</ref> [[Alkitab Ibrani]]&nbsp;memuat banyak peraturan yang melarang pembunuhan di luar hukum, tetapi juga memuat keharusan imperatif pembunuhan secara sah dalam konteks [[perang]], [[hukuman mati]], [[pembunuhan demi kehormatan]], dan&nbsp;[[pertahanan diri|pembelaan diri]].

Menurut&nbsp;[[Kitab Bilangan]], membunuh orang di luar konteks perang dengan senjata, atau perkelahian tanpa senjata, dianggap sebagai&nbsp;''retzakh'',<ref>{{Ayat Alkitab|Bilangan|35:16-21|}}</ref>&nbsp;tetapi jika pembunuhan itu tidak disengaja, tersangka tidak boleh meninggalkan kota, supaya tidak dianggap bersalah atas pembunuhan disengaja.<ref>{{Ayat Alkitab|Bilangan|35:22-26|}}</ref> [[Alkitab]] tidak pernah menggunakan kata&nbsp;''retzakh''&nbsp;dalam kaitan dengan perang.<ref>{{Ayat Alkitab|Yosua|10:19|}}</ref><ref>{{Ayat Alkitab|Yosua|10:28-32|}}</ref>

 

 

Dalam suatu analisis yang lebih modern, Wilma Ann Bailey juga mendapati adanya suatu penggunaan yang lebih luas dari kata ''retzakh''.<ref>{{en}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=HGuW6v85qiMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=thou+shalt+not+kill&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiMlrbXhZ_MAhWBWT4KHbcOCcgQ6AEILjAE#v=onepage&q=thou%20shalt%20not%20kill&f=false Bailey, Wilma Ann. ''"You Shall Not Kill" Or "You Shall Not Murder"?'', Liturgical Press, 2005] ISBN 9780814652145</ref>

It is forbidden to murder, as it says "You shall not murder" (Exodus 20:13, Deuteronomy 5:17).<br> A murderer must be put to death, as it says "He shall be avenged" (Exodus 21:20, see Leviticus 24:17,21); it is forbidden to accept compensation from him instead, as it says "You shall not take redemption for the life of a murderer...; and there shall be no atonement for the blood that was spilled... except the blood of him that spilled it" (Numbers 35:31-33). It is forbidden to execute a murderer before he has stood trial, as it says "And the murderer shall not die until he stands before the congregation for judgment" (Numbers 35:12). However, we are commanded to prevent an attempted murder by killing the would-be murderer if necessary, and it is forbidden to refrain from doing so, as it says "And you shall cut off her hand; you shall not be merciful" (Deuteronomy 25:12); and similarly for attempted fornication, as it says "[If the man seizes her and lies with her...] just as a man rises up against his friend and murders him, so is this thing"(Deuteronomy 22:26). It is forbidden to refrain from saving life when it is in one's power to do so, as it says "You shall not stand on your friend's blood"(Leviticus 19:16).|Rabbi Dr. Azriel Rosenfeld<ref>http://www.torah.org/learning/halacha-overview/chapter68.html</ref>}}

 

 

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== Sumber kutipan ==

* {{en}} {{cite book |last=Annas |first=George |authorlink=George Annas |last2=Grodin |first2=Michael |author2-link=Michael Grodin |title=The Nazi doctors and the Nuremberg Code |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=1995 |isbn=978-0-19-510106-5}}

* {{en}} {{cite book|title=Catholic Christianity|url=https://archive.org/details/catholicchristia00kree|last=Kreeft|first=Peter|authorlink=Peter Kreeft|year=2001|publisher=Ignatius Press|isbn=0-89870-798-6}}

* {{en}} {{cite book|title=Sex and Reason|last=Posner|first= Richard|year=1994|publisher=[[Harvard University Press]]|isbn=978-0-674-80280-3}}

* {{en}} {{cite book |title=Catholicism in the Third Millennium |first=Thomas P. |last=Rausch |editor=Catherine E. Clifford |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o4jG7X95mMQC |authorlink=Thomas Rausch |year=2003 |edition=2nd |location=Collegeville |publisher=Liturgical Prress |isbn=9780814658994}}

 

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