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{{Infobox dewa Yunani
[[Berkas:Minotaur-at-Greek-pavilion-Expo-88.jpg|thumb|right|Topeng sapi jantan di paviliun Yunani di [[Expo '88]]]]
| name = Minotauros
Dalam [[mitologi Yunani]], '''Minotaur''' ([[bahasa Yunani]]: Μινόταυρος, ''Minótauros'') adalah monster berbentuk manusia yang berkepala [[banteng]]. Wujudnya ini adalah akibat dari kutukan atas [[Minos]], Raja [[Kreta]]. Karena banteng yang harus dia berikan kepada Dewa [[Poseidon]], ia sembunyikan sehingga Poseidon menjatuhkan kutukan kepada istri Minos. Istri Minos, [[Pasifae]], dibuat jatuh cinta kepada banteng tersebut. Dengan meminta bantuan dari [[Daidalos]], Pasifae meminta dibuatkan tiruan banteng betina. Dia kemudian masuk ke dalam banteng tiruan, untuk bercinta dengan banteng tersebut. Maka Pasifae mengandung bayi dari hubungannya dengan banteng tersebut, yaitu Minotaur. Monster ini tinggal di tengah labirin yang rumit yang dirancang oleh arsitek [[Daidalos]] untuk menyimpan sang Minotaur. Setiap tahun, penduduk [[kota Athena]] harus mengirim tujuh pemuda dan tujuh gadis sebagai korban supaya tidak diserang oleh Kreta. Monster ini akhirnya dibunuh oleh [[Theseus]], pahlawan Yunani yang menyamar menjadi salah satu korban. Sebelumnya, Thesus dibantu oleh [[Ariadne]], putri Raja Kreta, yang memberinya pedang dan segulung benang. Thesus menggunakan benang itu untuk menyelusuri kembali jejaknya supaya bisa keluar dari dalam labirin yang rumit dan menggunakan pedangnya untuk membunuh Minotaur.
| other_names = Asterion
| image = DnD Minotaur.png
| image_size =
| caption = Minotaur yang digambarkan dalam permainan ''[[Dungeons and Dragons]]''.
| God of =
| Abode = [[Labyrinth]], [[Kreta]]
| Symbol =
| Consort =
| Parents = [[Pasifae]] dan [[Banteng Kreta]]
| Siblings =
| Children =
| Mount =
| Roman_equivalent =
| Hindu_equivalent =
| Etruscan_equivalent =
| Other_names = Asterion
}}
Dalam [[mitologi Yunani]], '''Minotauros''' ([[bahasa Yunani]]: Μινόταυρος, ''Minótauros'') atau '''Minotaur''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|aɪ|n|ə|t|ɔːr|,_|ˈ|m|ɪ|n|ə|t|ɔːr|}} {{respell|MY|nə|tor|,_|MIN|ə|tor}},<ref name= "collins_english">{{cite web |url= http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/minotaur |title= English Dictionary: Definition of Minotaur |publisher=Collins |access-date= 20 July 2013}}</ref>) adalah monster berbentuk manusia berkepala [[banteng]]. Wujudnya ini akibat dari kutukan [[Poseidon]] pada [[Minos]], Raja [[Kreta]]. Banteng yang seharusnya dia korbankan kepada Dewa Poseidon, malah ia sembunyikan sehingga Dewa murka. Poseidon menjatuhkan kutukan kepada istri Minos, [[Pasifae]], dengan membuatnya jatuh cinta kepada banteng tersebut. Dari hasil hubungan itu, lahirlah Minotauros.
 
== Etimologi ==
<!--In [[Greek mythology]], the '''Minotaur''' ([[Greek language|Greek]]: Μινόταυρος, ''Minótauros'') was a creature that was part man and part [[bull]]. It dwelt in the [[Labyrinth]], which was an elaborate [[maze]]-like construction built for King [[Minos]] of [[Crete]] and designed by the architect [[Daedalus]] to hold the Minotaur. The actual historical site of [[Knossos]] is usually identified as the site of the labyrinth. The Minotaur was eventually killed by [[Theseus]].
Kata minotaur berasal dari [[bahasa Yunani Kuno]] {{lang |grc|Μῑνώταυρος}}, gabungan nama (Minos) {{lang|grc|Μίνως}} dan kata benda "banteng", diterjemahkan sebagai "Banteng Minos". Di [[Kreta]], Minotaur dikenal dengan nama Asterion,<ref>Pausanias, Description of Greece 2. 31. 1</ref> nama yang sama dengan ayah angkat Minos.<ref>The Hesiodic ''[[Catalogue of Women]]'' fr. 140, says of Zeus' establishment of Europa in Crete: "…he made her live with Asterion the king of the Cretans. There she conceived and bore three sons, Minos, Sarpedon and Rhadamanthys."</ref> Di [[Bangsa Etruria|Etruscan]], Minotaur memiliki nama evrumineś.<ref>De Simone, C. "Zu einem Beitrag über etruskisch ''θevru mines''". In: «Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung» 84, 1970, pp. 221–23.</ref>
 
"Minotaur" awalnya adalah kata benda yang mengacu pada sosok mitos ini. Artinya, hanya ada satu Minotaur. Sebaliknya, penggunaan "minotaur" sebagai kata benda umum untuk merujuk pada makhluk berkepala banteng berkembang luas dalam fiksi [[Fantasi|bergenre fantasi]] abad ke-20.
"Minotaur" is Greek for "Bull of Minos". The bull was also known as '''Asterius''' or '''Asterion''', a name shared with Minos's foster father.
 
== Penciptaan dan tampilan ==
==The Greek story==
[[File:Gehörnter Gott, Enkomi.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Patung perunggu "Dewa Bertanduk" dari [[Enkomi]], Siprus]]
===Birth and appearance===
The literary myth satisfied a Hellenic interpretation of Minoan myth and ritual.
According to this, before Minos became king, he asked the Greek god [[Poseidon]] for a sign, to assure him that he, and not his brother, was to receive the throne (other accounts say that he boasted that the gods wanted him to be king). Poseidon agreed to send a white bull on condition Minos would sacrifice the bull to the god in return. Indeed, a bull of unmatched beauty came out of the sea. King Minos, after seeing it, found it so beautiful that he instead sacrificed another bull, hoping that Poseidon would not notice. Poseidon was very angry when he realized what had been done, so he caused Minos's wife, [[Pasiphaë]], to be overcome with a fit of madness in which she fell in love with the bull. Pasiphaë went to [[Daedalus]] for assistance, and Daedalus devised a way for her to satisfy her passions. He constructed a hollow wooden cow covered with cowhide for Pasiphaë to hide in and allow the bull to mount her. The result of this union was the Minotaur (the Bull of Minos), who some say bore the proper name [[Asterius]] (the Starry One). In some accounts, the white bull went on to become the [[Cretan Bull]] captured by [[Hercules]] as one of his labours.
 
Setelah naik takhta di pulau Kreta, Minos bersaing dengan saudara-saudaranya sebagai penguasa. Minos berdoa kepada dewa laut [[Poseidon]] untuk mengiriminya banteng seputih salju sebagai tanda bantuan dewa. Minos harus mengorbankan banteng untuk menghormati Poseidon, tetapi karena kecantikan banteng itu, dia memutuskan untuk mempertahankannya. Minos percaya bahwa dewa akan menerima pengorbanan pengganti. Untuk menghukum Minos, Poseidon membuat istri Minos, [[Pasifae]], jatuh cinta pada banteng itu. Pasifae meminta perajin Daedalus membuat sapi kayu berlubang, yang dia naiki untuk kawin dengan banteng. Maka lahirlah Minotaur.
The Minotaur had the body of a man and the head and tail of a bull. Pasiphaë nursed him in his infancy, but he grew and became ferocious. Minos, after getting advice from the [[Oracle|Oracle at Delphi]], had Daedalus construct a gigantic labyrinth to hold the Minotaur. It was located under Minos' palace in [[Knossos]].
 
Pasifae merawat Minotaur tetapi ia tumbuh lebih besar dan menjadi ganas. Sebagai keturunan yang tidak normal dari seorang wanita dan seekor binatang, Minotaur tidak memiliki sumber makanan alami dan dengan demikian melahap manusia untuk mendapatkan makanan. Minos, mengikuti saran dari oracle di [[Delfi|Delphi]], menyuruh Daedalus membangun Labirin raksasa untuk mengurung Minotaur. Lokasinya dekat istana Minos di [[Knossos]].<ref name="EB1911">{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Minotaur |volume= 18 |page= 555}}</ref>
===The price that brought Theseus===
Now it happened that [[Androgeus]], son of Minos, had been killed by the [[Athens|Athenians]], who were jealous of the victories he had won at the [[Panathenaic Games|Panathenaic festival]]. Others say he was killed by the Cretan bull at Marathon (his mother's former taurine lover) which [[Aegeus]], king of Athens, had commanded him to slay. To avenge the death of his son, Minos waged war and won. He then demanded that seven Athenian youths and seven maidens, drawn by lots, be sent every ninth year (some accounts say every year) to be devoured by the Minotaur. When the third sacrifice came round, [[Theseus]] volunteered to go to slay the monster. He promised to his father, Aegeus, that he would put up a white sail on his journey back home if he was successful. [[Ariadne]], in the Greek version the daughter of Minos, fell in love with Theseus and helped him get out of the labyrinth by giving him a ball of thread, allowing him to retrace his path. Theseus killed the Minotaur (with a magical sword Ariadne had given him) and led the other Athenians back out of the labyrinth.<ref>Plutarch, ''Theseus,'' 15—19; [[Diodorus Siculus]] i. I6, iv. 61; ''[[Bibliotheke]]'' iii. 1,15</ref> However Theseus forgot to change the black sails of mourning for white sails of success, so his father, overcome with grief, leapt off the clifftop from which he had kept watch for his son's return every day since Theseus had departed into the sea. Then it became known as the Aegean Sea.
 
Minotaur umumnya digambarkan dalam seni klasik dengan tubuh seorang pria berkepala dan ekor banteng. Menurut [[Wanita Trachis|''Trachiniai'']] [[Sofokles|Sophocles]], ketika roh sungai [[Acheloios|Achelous]] merayu [[Deianeira|Deianira]], salah satu samaran yang dia duga adalah seorang pria dengan kepala banteng. Dari [[Zaman Klasik|zaman klasik]] hingga [[Renaisans]], Minotaur muncul di banyak penggambaran Labirin.<ref>Several examples are shown in Kern, ''Through the Labyrinth'', Prestel, 2000.</ref> Catatan Latin [[Ovidius|Ovid]] tentang Minotaur, yang tidak menjelaskan bagian mana yang banteng dan mana yang setengah manusia, adalah yang paling banyak tersedia selama [[Abad Pertengahan]], dan beberapa versi selanjutnya menunjukkan kepala dan dada seorang pria di tubuh banteng – kebalikan dari konfigurasi klasik yang menyerupai [[Kentaur|centaur]].<ref>Examples include illustrations 204, 237, 238, and 371 in Kern. ''op. cit.''</ref> Penggambaran ini sesuai dengan terjemahan Dryden tentang deskripsi [[Publius Vergilius Maro|Virgil]] tentang Minotaur dalam Buku VI dari [[Aeneis|''Aeneid'']]: "Bagian bawah seekor binatang, seorang pria di atas / monumen cinta mereka yang tercemar."<ref>The Aeneid of Virgil, as translated by John Dryden, found at http://classics.mit.edu/Virgil/aeneid.6.vi.html</ref> Penggambaran yang baru ini bertahan hingga Renaisans dan dalam gambar diam beberapa penggambaran modern, seperti ilustrasi [[Steele Savage]] untuk buku [[Edith Hamilton]], ''[[Mythology (buku)|Mythology]]'' (1942).
Minos, angry that Theseus was able to escape, imprisoned Daedalus and his son [[Icarus (mythology)|Icarus]] in the labyrinth. They were able to escape by building wings for themselves, but Icarus died during the escape as he flew too high and the wax which held the feathers in the wing melted as it was closer to the Sun
 
== InterpretationsKematian ==
[[File:Bullls-head rhyton, stone, Knossos, 1600-1450 BC, AMH, 145160.jpg|thumb|left|150px|[[Rhyton]] berbentuk kepala banteng, [[Museum Arkeologi Heraklion]]]]
The contest between Theseus and the Minotaur was frequently represented in Greek art. A Knossian [[didrachm]] exhibits on one side the labyrinth, on the other the Minotaur surrounded by a semicircle of small balls, probably intended for stars; it is to be noted that one of the monster's names was Asterius.
 
[[Androgeus (mitologi)|Androgeus]], putra Minos, telah dibunuh oleh orang [[Kota Athena|Athena]] yang iri dengan kemenangan yang diraihnya di festival [[Panathena|Panathenaic]]. Yang lain mengatakan dia dibunuh di [[Marathon, Yunani|Marathon]] oleh Banteng Kreta, mantan kekasih taurin ibunya, yang diperintahkan oleh [[Aigeus|Aegeus]], raja Athena. Menurut cerita, Minos mengobarkan dan memenangkan perang untuk membalas kematian putranya. [[Catullus]], dalam catatannya tentang kelahiran Minotaur,<ref>[http://rudy.negenborn.net/catullus/text2/e64.htm Carmen 64].</ref> mengacu pada versi lain di mana Athena "dipaksa oleh wabah kejam untuk membayar hukuman atas pembunuhan Androgeon." Aegeus harus mencegah wabah yang disebabkan oleh kejahatannya dengan mengirimkan "pria muda serta yang terbaik dari gadis-gadis yang tidak menikah sebagai persembahan" ke Minotaur. Minos mengharuskan [[Korban kurban Minotaur|tujuh pemuda Athena dan tujuh gadis]], yang ditarik dengan undian, dikirim setiap tahun ketujuh atau kesembilan (beberapa versi mengatakan setiap tahun)<ref>[[Maurus Servius Honoratus|Servius]] on ''[[Aeneid]]'', 6. 14: ''singulis quibusque annis'' "every one year". The annual period is given by J. E. Zimmerman, ''Dictionary of Classical Mythology'', [[Harper & Row]], 1964, article "Androgeus"; and H. J. Rose, ''A Handbook of Greek Mythology'', Dutton, 1959, p. 265. Zimmerman cites Virgil, Apollodorus, and Pausanias. The nine-year period appears in Plutarch and Ovid.</ref> ke dalam Labirin untuk dimakan oleh Minotaur.
The ruins of Minos' palace at Knossos have been found, but the labyrinth has not. The enormous number of rooms, staircases and corridors in the palace has led archaeologists to believe that the palace itself was the source of the labyrinth myth. [[Homer]], describing the [[shield of Achilles]], remarked that the labyrinth was Ariadne's ceremonial dancing ground.
 
[[File:Pasiphae Minotauros Cdm Paris DeRidder1066 detail.jpg|thumb|[[Pasifae]] dan Minotaur. [[Kylix]] bergambar merah [[Attika|Attic]] ditemukan di Etruscan Vulci di Italia. Sekarang dipamerkan di [[Cabinet des Médailles]], [[Paris]]]]
Some modern mythologists regard the Minotaur as a solar personification and a Minoan adaptation of the [[Baal]]-[[Moloch]] of the [[Phoenicia]]ns. The slaying of the Minotaur by Theseus in that case indicates the breaking of Athenian tributary relations with [[Minoan civilization|Minoan Crete]].
 
Ketika pengorbanan ketiga akan dilakukan, [[Theseus]] menawarkan diri untuk membunuh monster itu. Dia berjanji kepada ayahnya Aegeus bahwa dia akan memasang layar putih dalam perjalanannya kembali ke rumah jika dia berhasil, tetapi kru akan memasang layar hitam jika dia terbunuh. Di Kreta, putri Minos, [[Ariadne]], jatuh cinta pada Theseus dan membantunya menavigasi labirin. Di sebagian besar catatan, dia memberinya seutas benang sehingga memungkinkan dia untuk menelusuri kembali jalannya. Menurut berbagai sumber Klasik dan representasi, Theseus membunuh Minotaur dengan tangan kosong, tongkat, atau pedang. Dia kemudian memimpin Athena keluar dari labirin, dan mereka berlayar dengan Ariadne jauh dari Kreta. Dalam perjalanan pulang, Theseus meninggalkan Ariadne di pulau [[Naxos]] dan melanjutkan perjalanan ke Athena. Dia lalai memasang layar putih. Raja Aegeus, dari pengintaiannya di [[Sounion|Tanjung Sounion]], melihat kapal layar hitam mendekat dan, menganggap putranya tewas hingga ia memutuskan bunuh diri dengan melemparkan dirinya ke laut yang dinamai menurut namanya. Karena hal ini, Theseus naik tahta.<ref>Plutarch, ''Theseus'', 15–19; [[Diodorus Siculus]] i. I6, iv. 61; ''[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Bibliotheke]]'' iii. 1,15</ref>
According to A. B. Cook, Minos and Minotaur are only different forms of the same personage, representing the sun-god of the Cretans, who depicted the sun as a bull. He and [[J. G. Frazer]] both explain Pasiphae's union with the bull as a sacred ceremony, at which the queen of Knossos was wedded to a bull-formed god, just as the wife of the Tyrant in Athens was wedded to [[Dionysus]]. E. Pottier, who does not dispute the historical personality of Minos, in view of the story of [[Phalaris]], considers it probable that in Crete (where a bull-cult may have existed by the side of that of the [[double axe]]) victims were tortured by being shut up in the belly of a red-hot [[brazen bull]]. The story of [[Talos]], the Cretan man of [[brass]], who heated himself red-hot and clasped strangers in his embrace as soon as they landed on the island, is probably of similar origin.
 
== Interpretasi ==
A historical explanation of the myth refers to the time when Crete was the main political and cultural potency in the Mediterranean sea. As the fledgling Athens (and probably other continental Greek cities) was under tribute to Crete, it can be assumed that such tribute included young men and women for sacrifice. This ceremony was performed by a priest disguised with a bull head or mask, thus explaining the imagery of the Minotaur. It may also be that this priest was son to Minos.
[[File:Theseus and Minotaur, Archibald Fountain.jpg|thumb|250px|Patung Theseus dan Minotaur di Archibald Fountain di Hyde Park of Sydney, [[Australia]]]]
Pertarungan antara Theseus dan Minotaur sering digambarkan dalam [[seni Yunani]]. Sebuah [[Drakhma|didrachm]] Knossian menunjukkan di satu sisi labirin Theseus dan di sisi lain Minotaur dikelilingi oleh setengah lingkaran bola kecil, mungkin dimaksudkan untuk bintang; salah satu nama monster itu adalah Asterion atau Asterius ("bintang").
 
<blockquote>[[Pasifae]] melahirkan Asterius yang disebut Minotaur. Dia memiliki wajah banteng, tetapi sisanya adalah manusia. Minos, sesuai dengan sebuah ramalan, mengurung dan menjaganya di Labirin.<ref>Apollodorus, ''Bibliotheca'' 3.1.4</ref></blockquote>
Once continental Greece was free from Crete's dominance, the myth of the Minotaur worked to distance the forming religious consciousness from Minoan beliefs.
 
Walaupun reruntuhan istana Minos di Knossos ditemukan, Labirin tidak pernah ada. Banyaknya ruangan, tangga, dan koridor di istana telah menyebabkan beberapa arkeolog berpendapat bahwa istana itu sendiri adalah sumber dari mitos Labirin, dengan lebih dari 1300 kompartemen seperti labirin,<ref>C. Michael Hogan. 2007. [http://www.themodernantiquarian.com/site/10854/knossos.html#fieldnotes ''Knossos fieldnotes'', The Modern Antiquarian], ed. Julian Cope.</ref> sebuah pendapat yang sekarang tidak terlalu dipercayai.<ref>Sir [[Arthur Evans]], the first of many archaeologists who have worked at Knossos, is often given credit for this idea, but he did not believe it; see David McCullough, ''The Unending Mystery'', Pantheon, 2004, pp. 34–36. Modern scholarship generally discounts the idea; see Kern, ''Through the Labyrinth'', Prestel, 2000, pp. 42–43, and Doob, ''The Idea of the Labyrinth'', Cornell University Press, p. 1990, p. 25.</ref> Homer, yang menggambarkan [[Perisai Akhilles|perisai Achilles]], mengatakan bahwa [[Daidalos|Daedalus]] telah membangun tempat menari seremonial untuk Ariadne, tetapi tidak mengaitkannya dengan istilah labirin.
 
Beberapa ahli mitologi abad ke-19 berpendapat bahwa Minotaur adalah [[Antropomorfisme|personifikasi]] matahari dan adaptasi Minoa dari [[Ba'al|Baal]]-[[Molokh|Moloch]] dari [[Bangsa Fenisia|Fenisia]]. Pembunuhan Minotaur oleh Theseus dalam kasus itu dapat diartikan sebagai memori Athena memutuskan hubungan anak sungai dengan [[Peradaban Minoa|Kreta Minoa]].<ref name="EB1911"/>
 
== Galeri ==
[[File:Statue of the Minotaur (Roman copy after an original by Myron) at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens on 3 April 2018.jpg|thumb|250px|Patung Minotaur di museum arkeologi Athena]]
 
[[File:Treasury of Athenians, Theseus and Minotaur, 500 BC, AM Delphi, 201404.jpg|thumb|250px|Theseus dan Minotaur, sekitar 500 SM. Museum Arkeologi Delphi]]
 
[[File:George Frederic Watts - The Minotaur - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|250px|''The Minotaur'' oleh George Frederic Watts]]
 
[[File:The Minotaur by Michael Ayrton 03.jpg|thumb|250px|''The Minotaur'' (1973) oleh Michael Ayrton di [[London]]]]
 
[[File:Minotaur by Stuart Wolfe.jpg|thumb|250px|''Minotaur'' oleh Stuart Wolfe]]
 
[[File:Theseus Minotaur Ramey Tuileries.jpg|thumb|left|''[[Theseus]] Fighting the Minotaur'', 1826, oleh [[Jean-Etienne Ramey]] di [[Taman Tuileries]], [[Paris]]]]
 
[[Image:Minotaurus.gif|thumb|right|Minotaur di Labirin, ukiran permata abad ke-16 M di Koleksi Medici di [[Palazzo Strozzi]], Florence<ref>[[Paolo Alessandro Maffei]], ''Gemmae Antiche'', 1709, Pt. IV, pl. 31; Hermann Kern, ''Through the Labyrinth'', Prestel, 2000, fig. 371, p. 202): Maffei "erroneously deemed the piece to be from [[Classical antiquity]]".</ref>]]
 
[[File:Tondo Minotaur London E4 MAN.jpg|thumb|250px|''The Minotaur'', tondo dari kylix dwibahasa Attic.]]
 
[[File:Kylix Theseus Minotauros Louvre F83.jpg|thumb|250px|Theseus and the Minotaur, kylix tondo figur hitam loteng, tahun 450–440 SM.]]
 
[[File:Theseus Castellani Louvre E850.jpg|thumb|250px|''Theseus and the Minotaur''. Detail dari amphora sosok hitam Attic, ca. 575 SM–550 SM.]]
 
[[File:Theseus_Minotauros_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_SL471.jpg|thumb|250px|Sisi A dari stamnos figur merah loteng, th. 460 SM.]]
 
[[File:Theseus Minotaur Louvre F33.jpg|thumb|250px|Sisi A dari amphora Attic figur hitam, th. 540 SM]]
 
[[File:Kylix Theseus Aison MNA Inv11365 n1.jpg|thumb|250px|Tondo Piala Aison, menunjukkan kemenangan Theseus atas Minotaur di hadapan Athena.]]
 
[[File:Theseus Minotauros Louvre CA2254.jpg|thumb|250px|Lekythos figur hitam loteng, 500–475 SM. Dari Krimea.]]
 
[[File:Theseus Minotauros Louvre G67.jpg|thumb|250px|''Theseus and the Minotaur'', th. 520–510 SM.]]
 
[[File:Theseus Minotaur Mosaic.jpg|thumb|250px|Theseus dan Minotaur]]
[[File:Minotaur.jpg|thumb|250px|Theseus dan Minotaur]]
 
[[File:183-Thesee-tuant-le-Minotaure MNA.jpg|thumb|250px|Theseus dan Minotaur]]
 
==See also==
{{commonscat|Minotaur}}
* [[List of Minotaur references in popular culture]]
* The [[Assyrian Cherub]] had a bull body and a human head.
* The Egyptian God [[Apis (Egyptian mythology)|Apis]] is often depicted as a bull, or bull-headed man.
*[[Aracoix]] is a creature that is half human, half bird -->
== Referensi ==
{{commons|Category:Minotaur}}
* [http://www.theoi.com/Ther/Minotauros.html Minotaur dalam mitos Yunani] - sumber teks dan seni Yunani
 
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