Bendungan Tiga Ngarai: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
k bot Menambah: lv:Triju aizu dambis; kosmetik perubahan |
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler Suntingan seluler lanjutan |
||
| (12 revisi perantara oleh 10 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1:
{{Infobox dam
| name = Bendungan Tiga Ngarai<br />{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|三峡大坝}}}}
| image = ThreeGorgesDam-China2009.jpg
| image_caption = Tampak bendungan pada September 2009
| image_size = 260px
| location_map = Hubei#China (equirectangular)
| location_map_size =
| location_map_caption = Lokasi di Provinsi Hubei
| coordinates = {{coord|30|49|23|N|111|00|12|E|dim:3000_region:CN-42|display=inline,title}}
| country = Tiongkok
| location = Sandouping, Distrik Yiling, [[Hubei]]
| purpose = Pengendalian banjir, pembangkit listrik, navigasi
| status = O
| construction_began = 14 Desember 1994
| opening = 2003<ref>{{cite web | archive-date=11 April 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160411083631/http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2010/ph240/ma2/ | url=http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2010/ph240/ma2/ | title=Three Gorges Dam | publisher=Stanford University | date=26 November 2010 | access-date=13 February 2016 | author=Ma, Yue | url-status=live}}</ref>
| demolished =
| cost = [[Renminbi|¥]]203 miliar (US$31.765 miliar)<ref>{{cite web | access-date=27 Mei 2018 | archive-date=28 Mei 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180528052556/https://www.power-technology.com/projects/gorges/ | url=https://www.power-technology.com/projects/gorges/ | title=Three Gorges Dam Hydro Electric Power Plant, China | website=Power Technology | url-status=live}}</ref>
| owner = [[China Yangtze Power]] (anak perusahaan [[China Three Gorges Corporation]])
| dam_type = G
| dam_length = {{cvt|2335|m|0}}
| dam_height = {{cvt|181|m|0}}
| dam_width_crest = {{cvt|40|m|0}}
| dam_width_base = {{cvt|115|m|0}}
| dam_volume = {{convert|27.2|e6m3|e6cuyd|abbr=unit}}
| dam_crosses = [[Sungai Yangtze]]
| spillway_type =
| spillway_capacity = {{cvt|116000|m3/s|cuft/s}}
| res_name = [[Daerah Waduk Tiga Ngarai|Waduk Tiga Ngarai]]
| res_elevation = {{cvt|175|m|0}}
| res_capacity_total = {{cvt|39.3|km3|acre.ft|lk=out}}
| res_capacity_active =
| res_capacity_inactive =
| res_catchment = {{cvt|1000000|km2|sqmi}}
| res_surface = {{cvt|1084|km2|sqmi|0}}<ref name="chincold">{{cite web | archive-date=5 Maret 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140305215839/http://www.chincold.org.cn/dams/rootfiles/2010/07/20/1279253974143251-1279253974145520.pdf | url=http://www.chincold.org.cn/dams/rootfiles/2010/07/20/1279253974143251-1279253974145520.pdf | title=Three Gorges Project | publisher=Chinese National Committee on Large Dams | access-date=1 Januari 2015 | url-status=live}}</ref>
| res_max_depth =
| res_max_length = {{cvt|600|km}}<ref name="resstat">{{cite book | title=Engineering Geology for Society and Territory – Volume 2: Landslide Processes | publisher=Springer | date=2014 | page=1415 | isbn=978-3-319-09057-3}}</ref>
| res_max_width = <!--Average: {{cvt|1.1|km}}<ref name=resstat />-->
| res_tidal_range =
| plant_name = Pembangkit listrik
| plant_operator =
| plant_commission = 2003–2012
| plant_decommission =
| plant_type = C
| plant_turbines = 32 × 700 [[Megawatt|MW]]<br />2 × 50 MW [[Francis-type]]
| plant_capacity = 22,500 MW
| plant_capacity_factor = 45%
| plant_annual_gen = {{cvt|101.6|TWh|lk=on}} (2018)
| plant_hydraulic_head = Rated: {{cvt|80.6|m|0}}<br />Maximum: {{cvt|113|m|0}}<ref name=chincold />
| website =
| extra =
}}
<table align="right"><tr><td>[[Berkas:200407-sandouping-sanxiadaba.jpg|jmpl|300px|Lokasi konstruksi Bendungan Tiga Ngarai, 26 Juli 2004]]</tr>
<tr><td>[[Berkas:200407-sandouping-sanxiadaba-4.med.jpg|jmpl|ka|300px|Bendungan Tiga Ngarai menerima air, 26 Juli 2004]]</tr>
<tr><td>[[Berkas:Three gorges dam locks view from vantage point.jpg|jmpl|ka|300px|Pengangkat kapal untuk lalu lintas sungai untuk melewati bendungan ini, Mei 2004]]</tr>
</table>
'''Bendungan Tiga Jurang''' atau '''Bendungan Tiga [[Ngarai]]''' atau '''Dam Tiga Jurang''' ([[Hanzi sederhana]]: 三峡大坝; [[pinyin]]: Sānxiá Dàbà) terletak di [[Sungai Yangtze]] (sungai ketiga terpanjang di dunia) di Sandouping, Yichang, provinsi [[Hubei]], [[Cina]]. Konstruksi dimulai pada [[1994]]. Bendungan ini akan menjadi [[bendungan]] [[hidroelektrik]] terbesar di dunia ketika diselesaikan pada tahun [[2009]]. Penampungan ini memulai pengisian pada [[1 Juni]] [[2003]], dan akan menempati wilayah [[Tiga Jurang]] yang indah, antara kota [[Yichang]], [[Hubei]], dan [[Fuling]], [[Chongqing]].
Seperti bendungan lain yang sedang dibangun, bendungan ini juga merupakan bendungan yang kontroversial menyangkut benar salahnya proyek ini. Pihak yang mendukung menunjuk kepada keuntungan ekonomi dari pengawasan banjir dan tenaga hidroelektrik. Pihak penentang mengkhawatirkan masa depan 1,9 juta orang yang akan dipindahkan; hilangnya lokasi arkeologikal dan budaya yang berharga; dan juga dampaknya terhadap [[lingkungan]].
== Referensi ==
# [http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn7046 ''New Scientist'' report on greenhouse gas production by hydroelectric dams.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080518175352/http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn7046 |date=2008-05-18 }}
# Topping, Audrey Ronning. Environmental controversy over the Three Gorges Dam. ''Earth Times News Service''.
# [http://www.abb.com/global/abbzh/abbzh251.nsf!OpenDatabase&db=/global/gad/gad02181.nsf&v=17EA&e=us&m=100A&c=C1256D71001E0037C1256834003AF40D article by ABB on use of HVDC-technology for distribution of power generated at the Three Gorges Dam]
== Pranala luar ==
* {{en}} [http://www.discoveryangtze.com/Yangtzediscovery/three_gorges_dam.htm Bendungan Tiga Jurang] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100220235301/http://www.discoveryangtze.com/yangtzediscovery/three_gorges_dam.htm |date=2010-02-20 }}
* {{en}} ''[http://www.irn.org/programs/threeg International Rivers Network] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011171721/http://irn.org/programs/threeg/ |date=2008-10-11 }} ''
* {{en}} ''[[BBC|BBC News Online]]'' - ''[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/3654772.stm Troops to protect dam against terrorists]''
* {{en}} ''[[BBC|BBC News Online]]'' - [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/photo_gallery/3433045.stm Galeri foto]
* {{en}} [http://www.probeinternational.org/pi/3g/index.cfm Probe International, situs web anti-bendungan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060610225425/http://probeinternational.org/pi/3g/index.cfm |date=2006-06-10 }}
* {{en}} [http://www.sp-china.com/powernetwork/national.htm Informasi mengenai jaringan energi negara] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050310031457/http://www.sp-china.com/powernetwork/national.htm |date=2005-03-10 }}
[[Kategori:Bendungan dan waduk di Tiongkok]]
| |||