Menara Price: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox
| | location = 510 Dewey Avenue<br />[[Bartlesville, Oklahoma|Bartlesville]], [[Oklahoma]], [[Amerika Serikat|A.S.]]
| start_date = 1952
| completion_date = 1956
| architect = [[Frank Lloyd Wright]]
| floor_area = {{convert|42000|sqft|m2|-2}}
| building_type = Multifungsi
| antenna_spire = {{convert|221|ft|m|0|abbr=on}}
| elevator_count = 4
| nrhp = {{Infobox NRHP
| embed = yes
| name =Menara Price
| nrhp_type = nhl
| image = PriceTower.jpg
| caption = Frank Lloyd Wright, Price Tower
| location= [[Bartlesville, Oklahoma]]
| lat_degrees = 36
| lat_minutes = 44
| lat_seconds = 52.21
| lat_direction = N
| long_degrees = 95
| long_minutes = 58
| long_seconds = 34.23
| long_direction = W
| locmapin = Oklahoma
| area =
| built =1956
| architect= [[Frank Lloyd Wright]]
| designated_nrhp_type = 29 Maret 2007<ref name="nhlsum">{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=149063655&ResourceType=Building|title=Price Tower|accessdate=28-06-2008|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service|archive-date=2012-10-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010025902/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=149063655&ResourceType=Building|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
| added = 13 September 1974
| governing_body = Swasta
| refnum=74001670<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2008a}}</ref>
}}
}}
'''Menara Price''' adalah menara 19 lantai setinggi 221 kaki (67 m) di [[Bartlesville, Oklahoma|Bartlesville]], [[Oklahoma]] yang didesain oleh [[Frank Lloyd Wright]]. Menara ini merupakan satu-satunya gedung [[pencakar langit]] yang dapat direalisasikan oleh Wright.
Kontraktor menara ini adalah [[Harold C. Price]] dari H. C. Price Company, sebuah perusahaan kimia dan pipa minyak lokal. Menara ini dibuka untuk umum pada Februari 1956.
==
Menara Price dibangun oleh Harold C. Price untuk digunakan sebagai kantor pusat perusahaannya. Pemilihan [[Frank Lloyd Wright]] sebagai arsitek dilakukan atas arahan Bruce Goff, yang saat itu menjabat sebagai Dekan Arsitektur [[Universitas Oklahoma]], tempat kuliah dua putra Price (Harold Jr. dan Joe). Wright dan Goff kemudian menjadi [[arsitek]] tetap bagi keluarga Price. Wright merancang rumah di Arizona untuk Harold C. Price dan rumah di Bartlesville untuk keluarga Harold Jr. Goff, yang juga merupakan penghuni Menara Price, menjadi arsitek favorit Joe Price.
Wright menjuluki Menara Price sebagai "''the tree that escaped the crowded forest''" (''pohon yang lari dari hutan lebat''), tidak hanya karena konstruksinya, tetapi juga karena asal mula rancangannya. Menara Price dibangun di atas padang rumput [[Oklahoma]]. Menara Price disangga oleh "batang" pusat dari empat poros [[lift]] yang ditanam dengan pondasi sentral yang dalam, seperti pohon dengan akar tunggangnya. Kesembilanbelas lantai bangunan bertumpu pada inti pusat ini, menyerupai cabang-cabang sebuah pohon. Dinding luar tergantung dari lantai dan tertutupi "daun-daun" berlapis tipis [[tembaga]]. Wright telah memperjuangkan ide rancangan ini sebelum pembangunan Menara Price, dimulai pada tahun 1920-an pada rancangannya untuk kompleks apartemen empat menara St. Marks-in-the-Bowerie di pusat kota [[New York]]. Efek dari [[Depresi Besar]], proyek itu ditangguhkan dan kemudian desain diterapkan oleh Wright untuk Price Company pada tahun 1952. Oleh karena itu, dapat dikatakan bahwa Wright mencabut "pohon"nya keluar dari "hutan lebat" pencakar-pencakar langit [[Manhattan]] dan menempatkannya di [[padang rumput]] Oklahoma tempat "pohon" itu terus berdiri tanpa disesaki oleh gedung-gedung tinggi di sekitarnya.
Bahan-bahan untuk Menara Price juga inovatif untuk gedung pencakar langit pertengahan abad kedua puluh, antara lain: dinding beton yang dicor, lantai beton berwarna, jendela dan pintu aluminium, serta panel berlapis tipis tembaga yang timbul. Elemen geometris yang umum digunakan adalah segitiga sama sisi, dan semua perlengkapan pencahayaan dan kisi-kisi ventilasi didasarkan pada bentuk itu. Sementara dinding miring dan perabotan terpasang didasarkan pada fraksi atau kelipatan modul segitiga. Di lobi terdapat dua inskripsi karya [[Walter Whitman|Walt Whitman]]. Satu berasal dari bait penutup [[Salut au Monde]] dan yang kedua dari [[Song of the Broad-Axe]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.exploringart.net/uploads/FrankLloydWright/price-tower-04.jpg |title=price tower 04 |website=Exploring Art |accessdate=10-10-2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071214115713/http://www.exploringart.net/uploads/FrankLloydWright/price-tower-04.jpg |archivedate=2007-12-14 }}</ref>
Wright merancang proyek St. Mark untuk apartemen, tapi Menara Price-nya menjadi sebuah bangunan multifungsi untuk perkantoran, pertokoan, dan apartemen. H. C. Price Company adalah tenan utamanya dan lantai lainnya yang tersisa menjadi sumber penghasilan. Penyewanya terdiri atas pengacara, akuntan, dokter, dokter gigi, agen asuransi, dan arsitek Bruce Goff, yang menyewa satu apartemen sebagai kantor di menara itu.
== Referensi ==
{{reflist|2}}
== Bibliografi ==
'''Articles'''
* Alexander, John T. “Wright on the Oklahoma Prairie.” ''The Kansas City Times'' (18 Feb. 1958).
* Alofsin, Anthony. “Broadacre City: The Reception of a Modernist Vision, 1932-1988.” ''Center'' 5 (1989): 8-43.
* Apostolo, Roberto. “La Price Tower di Frank Lloyd Wright.” ''Frames, Portes, and Finestre'' (Aug.-Sep. 1992): 54-61.
* “Bartlesville Tower Rises, Oddest Building in State.” ''Tulsa World '' (21 Feb. 1955).
* Curtis, Wayne, [http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200807/price-tower "Little Skyscraper on the Prairie"], ''[[The Atlantic]]'' (July/August 2008).
* Cuscaden, R.R. “Frank Lloyd Wright’s Drawings, Preserved.” ''Prairie School Review '' 1 (1964): 18.
* DeLong, David G. “A Tower Expressive of Unique Interiors.” ''AIA Journal '' 71 (Jul. 1982): 78-83.
* Dillon David. “The Inn at Price Tower.” ''Architectural Record '' (Jul. 2003): 118-125.
* “Een Amerikaans architectenbureau.” ''Bouw'' [Rotterdam] 11 (4 Aug. 1956): 670-673.
* “18-Story Tower Cantilever Structure of Concrete and Glass: Dramatic Frank Lloyd Wright Design.” ''Building Materials Digest '' 14 (Dec. 1954): 425.
* “Frank Lloyd Wright: After 36 Years His Tower is Completed.” ''Architectural Forum '' 104 (Feb. 1956): 106-113.
* “Frank Lloyd Wright’s Concrete and Copper Skyscraper on the Prairie for H.C. Price Co.” ''Architectural Forum '' 98 (May 1953): 98-105.
* “Frank Lloyd Wright; la ‘Price Tower’.” ''Casabella Continutà '' 211 (Jun.-Jul. 1956): 8-21.
* “Frank Lloyd Wright’s Price Tower Wins AIA [[Twenty-five Year Award]].” ''Architectural Record '' 171 (Apr. 1983): 83.
* Gordon, Joanne. “The Skyscraper that Shocks Oklahoma Town.” ''Kansas City Star '' (11 Mar. 1956).
* “Gratte-ciel à Bartlesville, cite de 25,000 habitants, U.S.A.” ''Architecture d’aujourd’hui '' 27 (Oct. 1956): 23.
* “H.C. Price Company.” ''The Tie-In Quarterly '' (Mar. 1953): 1-3, 28.
* “H.C. Price Company Had Humble Beginning.” ''The Bartlesville Examiner '' (9 Feb. 1956).
* “The H.C. Price Tower.” ''Architectural Record '' 119 (Feb. 1956): 153-160.
* Hosokawa, Bill. “Price’s Tower of Independence.” ''The Denver Post '' (Mar. 1956).
* Kellogg, Craig. “Matter of Design: Full Time Job.” ''Interior Design '' (Jul. 2003): 174-175.
* Klein, John. “Inside and Out, The Wright Stuff.” ''Tulsa World '' (5 Jun. 1990).
* “The Lighting in Frank Lloyd Wright’s Ultra Modern Tower.” ''Lighting'' (Dec. 1956): 26-27.
* Lucas, Suzette. ''Frank Lloyd Wright Quarterly'' Vol. 12 no. 1 (Winter 2001): 28.
* Nash, Eric P. “Travel Advisory: Rooms with a View, By Frank Lloyd Wright.” ''New York Times '' (16 Mar. 2003).
* “Prairie Skyscraper.” ''Time'' 61 (25 May 1953): 43.
* “Price Tower Completion Story.” ''The Tie-In Quarterly '' 13 (Winter 1956): 2-5.
* “The Price Tower is Wright’s.” ''Southern Living '' (Dec. 1990).
* “Price Tower Will Be Built in Bartlesville.” ''Construction News Monthly '' (10 Jun. 1953): 117-118.
* [[Aline Saarinen|Saarinen, Aline]]. “Preserving Wright’s Architecture.” ''New York Times '' (19 April 1959): X-17.
* Schmertz, Mildred F. “Inn at Price Tower: An Oklahoma Hotel Finds a Home in Frank Lloyd Wright’s 1950s High-Rise.” ''Architectural Digest'' (June 2003): 72, 74, 76, 77.
* Thomas, Mark. “F.L.W. Again.” ''Architectural Design '' (Dec. 1953): 347-349.
* “Tower to Provide Office, Living Space.” ''Engineering News-Record '' (4 Jun. 1953): 23.
* “Watch on Wright’s Landmarks.” ''Architectural R''ecord 126 (Sep. 1959): 9.
* Williams, Rainey Heard. “Interior is Divided Into Quadrants.” ''Christian Science Monitor '' (30 Mar. 1956).
* “Wright Completes Skyscraper.” ''Progressive Architecture '' 37 (Feb. 1956): 87-90.
* Wright, Frank Lloyd. “Frank Lloyd Wright.” ''Architectural Forum '' 58 (Jan. 1938): special issue, 1-102.
* Wright, Frank Lloyd. “Frank Lloyd Wright.” ''Architectural Forum '' 88 (Jan. 1948): 54, 65-156.
'''Books'''
* Alofsin, Anthony, ed. ''Prairie Skyscraper: Frank Lloyd Wright’s Price Tower''. New York: Rizzoli, 2005.
* Blake, Peter. ''The Master Bui''lders. New York: W.W. Norton, 1960. 403-406.
* Drexler, Arthur, ed. ''The Drawings of Frank Lloyd Wright''. New York: Horizon Press for the Museum of Modern Art, 1962.
* Eaton, Timothy A, ed. ''Frank Lloyd Wright: The Seat of Genius, Chairs 1895-1955''. West Palm Beach: Eaton Fine Art, Inc, 1997.
* Futagawa, Yukio, and Martin Pawley, eds. ''Frank Lloyd Wright Public Buildings''. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1970.
* Futagawa, Yukio, and Bruce Brooks Pfeiffer, eds. ''Frank Lloyd Wright and His Renderings, 1887-1959''. Tokyo: A.D.A. Edita, 1984.
* Gill, Brendan. ''Many Masks: A Life of Frank Lloyd Wright''. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1987.
* Hanks, David A. ''The Decorative Designs of Frank Lloyd Wright''. New York: E.P. Dutton, 1979.
* Hanks, David A. ''Frank Lloyd Wright: Preserving an Architectural Heritage''. New York: E.P. Dutton, 1989.
* Heinz, Thomas A. ''Frank Lloyd Wright Interiors and Furniture''. London: Academy Editions, 1994.
* Hildebrand, Grant. ''The Wright Space: Pattern and Meaning in Frank Lloyd Wright’s Houses''. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1991.
* Hitchcock, Henry-Russell. ''In the Natural of Materials''. New York: Sloan and Pearce Duell, 1942.
* Hoffmann, Donald. ''Frank Lloyd Wright, Louis Sullivan, and the Skyscraper''. New York: Dover, 1998.
* Izzo, Alberto, and Caroline Gubitossi, eds. ''Designs 1887-1959''. Florence: Centro-Di, 1976.
* Kaufmann, Jr., Edgar. ''An American Architecture''. New York: Horizon Press, 1955.
* Laseau, Paul, and James Tice. ''Frank Lloyd Wright: Between Principle and Form''. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1992.
* McCarter, Robert. ''Frank Lloyd Wright''. London: Phaidon Press, 1997.
* McCarter, Robert, ed. ''Frank Lloyd Wright: A Primer on Architectural Pr''inciples. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1991.
* Meehan, Patrick J., ed. ''The Master Architect: Conversations with Frank Lloyd Wright''. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1984.
* Meehan, Patrick J., ed. ''Truth Against the World: Frank Lloyd Wright Speaks for an Organic Architecture''. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1987.
* Patterson, Terry L. ''Frank Lloyd Wright and the Meaning of Materials''. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1994.
* Pfeiffer, Bruce Brooks, ed. ''Frank Lloyd Wright Collected Writings, vol. 2, 1930-1932''. NYC: Rizzoli, 1992.
* Pfeiffer, Bruce Brooks, ed. ''Frank Lloyd Wright: Letters to Clients''. Fresno: The Press at California State University, 1986.
* Riley, Terence, and Peter Reed, eds. ''Frank Lloyd Wright: Architect''. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1994.
* Samona, Giuseppe, et al. ''Drawings for a Living Architecture''. New York: Horizon Press, 1959.
* Scully, Jr., Vincent. ''Frank Lloyd Wright''. New York: George Braziller, 1960.
* Storrer, William A. ''The Frank Lloyd Wright Companion''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.
* Thompson, Iain. ''Frank Lloyd Wright: A Visual Encyclopedia''. London: PRC Publishing, 1999.
* Twombly, Robert C. ''Frank Lloyd Wright: His Life and Architecture''. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1979.
* Wright, Frank Lloyd. ''An Autobiography''. New York: Horizon, 1943.
* Wright, Frank Lloyd. ''The Living City''. New York: Horizon Press, 1958.
* Wright, Frank Lloyd. ''The Story of the Tower: The Tree That Escaped the Crowded Forest''. New York: Horizon Press, 1956.
* Wright, Frank Lloyd, and Bruce Brooks Pfeiffer. ''Frank Lloyd Wright in the Realm of Ideas''. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1988.
* Wright, Frank Lloyd, and Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation. ''The Designs of Frank Lloyd Wright, Owned by the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation''. Flagstaff: Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation, 1991.
* Wright, Frank Lloyd, and Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation. ''Schumacher Drawings, Textile Patterns''. Flagstaff: Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation, 1985.
* Wright, Olgivanna Lloyd. ''Selected Drawings Portfolio Vol. I''. Tokyo: A.D.A. Edita Tokyo Co. Ltd., 1977.
* Wright, Olgivanna Lloyd. ''Selected Drawings Portfolio Vol. II''. Tokyo: A.D.A. Edita Tokyo Co. Ltd., 1979.
* Wright, Olgivanna Lloyd. ''Selected Drawings Portfolio III''. Tokyo A.D.A. Edita Tokyo Co. Ltd., 1982.
== Pranala luar ==
{{commonscat|Price Tower}}
* [http://www.pricetower.org/ Price Tower Arts Center]
* [http://www.travelok.com/listings/view.profile/id.2868 Price Tower Arts Center info on TravelOK.com] Official travel and tourism website for the State of Oklahoma
* [http://chicago.dbusinessnews.com/printnews.php?newsid=102740 Chicago Architecture Foundation Opens Price Tower Exhibit] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090512005827/http://chicago.dbusinessnews.com/printnews.php?newsid=102740 |date=2009-05-12 }} dBNews [[Chicago]], Wednesday, [[January 10]] [[2007]]
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Baris 29 ⟶ 148:
[[Kategori:Arsitektur tahun 1953]]
[[Kategori:Pencakar langit di Amerika Serikat]]
[[Kategori:National Historic Landmark]]
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