Bani Qudha'ah: Perbedaan antara revisi
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k Blackman Jr. memindahkan halaman Banu Qudha'ah ke Bani Qudha'ah dengan menimpa pengalihan lama Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler |
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'''Bani Qudha'ah''' ({{lang-ar|قضاعة}}, ''Qudha'ah'') adalah salah satu kelompok [[suku|kabilah]] [[Arab]] yang besar
|title = The Arabs in Antiquity: Their History from the Assyrians to the Umayyads
|author = Jan Retsö
|url = https://books.google.co.id/books?id=pUepRuQO8ZkC&pg=PA478&dq=quda%27a&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CD0QuwUwBGoVChMIi9qp56PlyAIVhOemCh2f4gho#v=onepage&q=quda'a&f=false
|page = 478
|edition = berilustrasi, cetak ulang
|publisher = Psychology Press
|year = 2003
|id = ISBN 0-7007-1679-3, 9780700716791
|access-date = 2015-10-28
|archive-date = 2016-03-04
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304201501/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=pUepRuQO8ZkC&pg=PA478&dq=quda%27a&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CD0QuwUwBGoVChMIi9qp56PlyAIVhOemCh2f4gho#v=onepage&q=quda'a&f=false
|dead-url = no
}}</ref>
Menurut pendapat sebagian ahli silsilah, tokoh yang menurunkan kabilah ini bernama Qudha'ah bin Malik bin 'Amr bin Murrah bin Zaid bin Himyar,<ref>{{cite book
|title = The Life of the Prophet Muh̜ammad: A Translation of Al-Sīra al-Nabawiyya
|volume = 1
|author = [[Ibnu Katsir|Ismāʻīl ibn ʻUmar Ibn Kathīr]]
|others = Diterjemahkan oleh Trevor Le Gassick
|url = https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=id&id=MldTAAAAYAAJ&dq=quda%27a+ibn+malik+ibn+ma%27ad&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Malik%2C+b.+cAmr%2C+b.+Murra%2C+b.+Zayd%2C+b.+Himyar
|publisher = Centre for Muslim Contribution to Civilization
|year = 1998
|access-date = 2015-10-28
|archive-date = 2016-03-04
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304212738/https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=id&id=MldTAAAAYAAJ&dq=quda%27a+ibn+malik+ibn+ma%27ad&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Malik%2C+b.+cAmr%2C+b.+Murra%2C+b.+Zayd%2C+b.+Himyar
|dead-url = no
}}</ref> dari bangsa Arab Himyariyyah yang bermigrasi dari [[Yaman]].<ref name="Abu Khalil1"/> Banu Qudha'ah terpecah menjadi banyak suku, di antaranya adalah Baliy, Juhainah, Kalb, dan Bahra'.<ref name="Abu Khalil1">{{cite book
|title = Atlas al-Qur'an
|author = Dr. Syauki Abu Khalil
|url = https://books.google.co.id/books?id=4gn-QhHNamYC&pg=PA48&dq=qudha%27ah&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CDIQuwUwBWoVChMIw_SlvdzkyAIVypqUCh2JQwGN#v=onepage&q=qudha'ah&f=false
|page = 48
|publisher = Niaga Swadaya
|year = 2010
|id = ISBN 979-25-8215-0, 9789792582154
|access-date = 2015-10-28
|archive-date = 2021-06-07
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210607053913/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=4gn-QhHNamYC&pg=PA48&dq=qudha%27ah&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CDIQuwUwBWoVChMIw_SlvdzkyAIVypqUCh2JQwGN#v=onepage&q=qudha'ah&f=false
|dead-url = no
}}</ref> Sebelum kedatangan Islam, sebagian suku-suku tersebut beragama [[Kristen]], dan sebagian lainnya [[Paganisme|penyembah berhala]].<ref name="NSA">{{cite book
|title = New Arabian Studies
|volume = 3
|authors = Gerald Rex Smith, James R. Smart,Brian R. Pridham
|url = https://books.google.co.id/books?id=VhturGtQIyAC&pg=PA95&dq=quda%27a+christian+pagan&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CD0QuwUwBGoVChMIyuK-uKblyAIVBB-mCh2QHQ7H#v=onepage&q=quda'a%20christian%20pagan&f=false
|page = 95
|edition = berilustrasi
|publisher = University of Exeter Press, 1996
|id = ISBN 0-85989-479-7, 9780859894791
|access-date = 2015-10-28
|archive-date = 2016-03-04
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304205407/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=VhturGtQIyAC&pg=PA95&dq=quda%27a%20christian%20pagan&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CD0QuwUwBGoVChMIyuK-uKblyAIVBB-mCh2QHQ7H#v=onepage&q=quda'a%20christian%20pagan&f=false
|dead-url = no
}}</ref> Berhala yang mereka sembah bernama ''Uqaishir'', yang terdapat di [[Syam]].<ref name="Abu Khalil2">{{cite book
|author = Dr. Syauki Abu Khalil
|title = Atlas al-Qur'an
|url = https://books.google.co.id/books?id=4gn-QhHNamYC&pg=PA186&dq=berhala+bani+qudha%27ah&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CBwQuwUwAGoVChMIx4fw0azlyAIVw9ymCh2qkwRW#v=onepage&q=berhala%20bani%20qudha'ah&f=false
|page = 186
|year = 2010
|access-date = 2015-10-28
|archive-date = 2022-01-07
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220107060853/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=4gn-QhHNamYC&pg=PA186&dq=berhala+bani+qudha%27ah&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CBwQuwUwAGoVChMIx4fw0azlyAIVw9ymCh2qkwRW#v=onepage&q=berhala%20bani%20qudha'ah&f=false
|dead-url = no
}}</ref>
Berbagai Bani Qudha'ah mulai terlibat konflik dan pergesekan dengan pasukan Muslim pada masa hidup [[Nabi Muhammad]], yaitu sejak [[Ekspedisi Dzat as-Salasil]].<ref>{{cite book
|title = 60 Orang Besar di Sekitar Rasulullah Saw.
|author = Khalid Muhammad Khalid
|url = https://books.google.co.id/books?id=qgP0BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA294&dq=dzatus+salasil+bani+qudha%27ah&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CCEQuwUwAWoVChMIiYK827rlyAIVZhumCh1PMAyl#v=onepage&q=dzatus%20salasil%20bani%20qudha'ah&f=false
|page = 294
|publisher = Mizan Mizania
|year = 2014
|id = ISBN 602-9255-90-8, 9786029255904
|access-date = 2015-10-28
|archive-date = 2022-01-07
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220107060910/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=qgP0BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA294&dq=dzatus+salasil+bani+qudha%27ah&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CCEQuwUwAWoVChMIiYK827rlyAIVZhumCh1PMAyl#v=onepage&q=dzatus%20salasil%20bani%20qudha'ah&f=false
|dead-url = no
}}</ref> Pada [[Pertempuran Yarmuk]], Bani Qudha'ah termasuk dalam konfederasi suku-suku Arab yang membantu [[Kekaisaran Romawi Timur]].<ref>{{cite book
|title = A History of Palestine, 634-1099
|author = Moshe Gil
|url = https://books.google.co.id/books?id=M0wUKoMJeccC&pg=PA45&dq=Khalid+ibn+Walid+Quda%27a&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CCsQuwUwAmoVChMIqc6gprvlyAIVIhemCh3LHAna#v=onepage&q=Khalid%20ibn%20Walid%20Quda'a&f=false
|page = 45
|edition = cetak ulang, direvisi
|publisher = Cambridge University Press
|year = 1997
|id = ISBN 0-521-59984-9, 9780521599849
|access-date = 2015-10-28
|archive-date = 2022-01-07
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220107060853/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=M0wUKoMJeccC&pg=PA45&dq=Khalid+ibn+Walid+Quda%27a&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CCsQuwUwAmoVChMIqc6gprvlyAIVIhemCh3LHAna#v=onepage&q=Khalid%20ibn%20Walid%20Quda'a&f=false
|dead-url = no
}}</ref> Melalui [[penaklukan Islam di Suriah|upaya penaklukan]] selanjutnya oleh para pemimpin militer yang dikirimkan oleh Khalifah [[Abu Bakar Ash-Shiddiq|Abu Bakar]] dan [[Umar bin Khattab|Umar]], banyak anggota suku-suku kabilah ini yang memeluk Islam.<ref>{{cite book
|title = Kisah Hidup Abubakar Al-Shiddiq
|author = Dr. Musthafa Murad
|url = https://books.google.co.id/books?id=0MtQLOTq6FUC&pg=PA150&dq=usamah+qudha%27ah&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CCoQuwUwA2oVChMIi6_Aw7zlyAIVxhqmCh0TigLE#v=onepage&q=usamah%20qudha'ah&f=false
|page = 150
|publisher = Zaman
|id = ISBN 979-024-068-6, 9789790240681
|access-date = 2015-10-28
|archive-date = 2021-12-30
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211230123933/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=0MtQLOTq6FUC&pg=PA150&dq=usamah+qudha%27ah&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CCoQuwUwA2oVChMIi6_Aw7zlyAIVxhqmCh0TigLE#v=onepage&q=usamah%20qudha'ah&f=false
|dead-url = no
}}</ref><ref>{{cite book
|title = The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate
|author = Wilferd Madelung
|url = https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2QKBUwBUWWkC&pg=PA380&dq=quda%27a+accepted+islam&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEQQuwUwA2oVChMIzdSf3snlyAIVodqmCh0epQLp#v=onepage&q=quda'a%20accepted%20islam&f=false
|page = 380
|edition = berilustrasi, cetak ulang
|publisher = Cambridge University Press
|year = 1998
|id = ISBN 0-521-64696-0, 9780521646963
|access-date = 2015-10-28
|archive-date = 2016-03-06
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160306101149/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2QKBUwBUWWkC&pg=PA380&dq=quda%27a+accepted+islam&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEQQuwUwA2oVChMIzdSf3snlyAIVodqmCh0epQLp#v=onepage&q=quda'a%20accepted%20islam&f=false
|dead-url = no
}}</ref> Umar juga memerintahkan sepertiga populasi Bani Qudha'ah untuk pindah ke Suriah dan [[Mesir]], demi memperkuat daerah perbatasan yang baru dikuasai oleh pasukan Muslim.<ref name="Lev">{{cite book
|title = War and Society in the Eastern Mediterranean: 7th-15th Centuries
|editor = Yaacov Lēv
|volume = 9
|url = https://books.google.co.id/books?id=6boJulGkWBgC&pg=PA108&dq=umar+quda%27a&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CD0QuwUwBGoVChMI8_-qksnlyAIVBC6mCh1A8gFL#v=onepage&q=umar%20quda'a&f=false
|page = 108
|edition = berilustrasi
|publisher = BRILL
|year = 1997
|id = ISBN 90-04-10032-6, 9789004100329
|access-date = 2015-10-28
|archive-date = 2022-01-07
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220107060854/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=6boJulGkWBgC&pg=PA108&dq=umar+quda%27a&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0CD0QuwUwBGoVChMI8_-qksnlyAIVBC6mCh1A8gFL#v=onepage&q=umar%20quda'a&f=false
|dead-url = no
}}</ref> Perpindahan ke Mesir terus dianjurkan pada masa Khalifah [[Utsman bin Affan|Utsman]].<ref name="Lev"/>
Beberapa kelompok Bani Qudha'ah turut serta dalam pasukan Islam yang menaklukkan wilayah [[Penaklukan Maghreb oleh Muslim|Maghreb]] dan [[Penaklukan Umayyah di Hispania|Jazirah Iberia]], hingga keturunan mereka pun tersebar pula di sana.<ref name="NSA"/>
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Arabia pra-Islam]]
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}{{Suku-suku Arab dalam sejarah}}
[[Kategori:Arab]]
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