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Baris 15:
Pertandingan ini dimainkan pada [[Perang Dingin]], tapi pada masa meningkatnya [[détente]]. [[Sekolah Catur Soviet]] sudah lama memonopoli catur tingkat tertinggi. Spassky adalah yang terbaru dari rentetan [[Kejuaraan Catur Dunia|juara catur dunia]] tak terputus Soviet, dimulai dari [[Kejuaraan Catur Dunia 1948|kejuaraan 1948]].<ref name="EvansSmithp.8">Evans & Smith 1973, p. 8</ref>
 
Fischer, orang Amerika 29 tahun yang eksentrik,<ref>"Fischer, menurut beberapa [[psikiater]] yang sering ada di [[Manhattan Chess Club]], adalah seorang [[paranoia|paranoid]] dan 'secara kejiwaan curiga, seperti kebanyakan paranoid'." Roberts, Schonberg, Horowitz & Reshevsky 1972, p. 75</ref>, adalah pengkritik yang vokal pada dominasi Soviet di catur, karena dia percaya bahwa pemain-pemain Soviet mendapatkan keuntungan tidak adil dengan cara menyetujui [[remis (catur|remis]] singkat ketika saling melawan dalam turnamen.<ref>"Bobby Fischer, then as now the ''enfant terrible'' of the chess world, charged that the Russians were in collusion, agreeing to draw with each other while playing no-holds-barred games with non-Russians, and to nothing to jeopardize the position of whichever one of them was leading." Roberts, Schonberg, Horowitz & Reshevsky 1972, p. 35</ref> Pada Agustus 1962 ''[[Sports Illustrated]]'', lalu pada Oktober majalah Jerman ''[[Der Spiegel]]'', menerbitkan artikel terkenal oleh Fischer "The Russians Have Fixed World Chess" yang di dalamnya dia menguraikan pendapatnya.<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1074080/ |title=Bobby Fischer: The Russians Have Fixed World Chess] {{wayback|access-date=2016-01-24 |archive-date=2014-03-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329144817/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1074080/ |datedead-url=20130727110509unfit }}</ref><ref>[http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-45123575.html Bobby Fischer: Schacher im Schach. Das abgekartete Spiel der Russen] {{de icon}}</ref> Fischer sendiri jarang [[remis karena persetujuan|menyetujui remis dini]] dalam posisi yang tidak jelas.
 
== Turnamen Interzonal 1970 ==
Baris 24:
|-
! !! !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10 !! 11 !! 12 !! 13 !! 14 !! 15 !! 16 !! 17 !! 18 !! 19 !! 20 !! 21 !! 22 !! 23 !! 24 !! Total !! Tie break
|- style="background:#ccffccCCFFCC;"
| 1 || align=left|{{flagathlete|'''[[Bobby Fischer]]'''|Amerika Serikat}} || - || 0 || 1 || ½ || 1 || 1 || ½ || 1 || ½ || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || ½ || 1 || 1 || ½ || ½ || 1 || ½ || '''18½''' ||
|- style="background:#ccffccCCFFCC;"
| 2 || align=left|{{flagathlete|'''[[Bent Larsen]]'''|Denmark}} || 1 || - || ½ || ½ || 0 || 1 || ½ || ½ || ½ || ½ || 1 || 1 || 0 || ½ || ½ || 1 || ½ || 1 || ½ || 1 || 1 || ½ || 1 || ½ || '''15''' || '''167.50'''
|- style="background:#ccffccCCFFCC;"
| 3 || {{flagathlete|'''[[Efim Geller]]'''|Uni Soviet}} || 0 || ½ || - || 1 || ½ || 1 || ½ || 1 || ½ || ½ || ½ || 1 || ½ || ½ || 1 || ½ || 1 || ½ || ½ || ½ || 1 || 1 || ½ || ½ || '''15''' || '''167.00'''
|- style="background:#ccffccCCFFCC;"
| 4 || align=left|{{flagathlete|'''[[Robert Hübner]]'''|Jerman Barat}} || ½ || ½ || 0 || - || ½ || 1 || ½ || 0 || ½ || ½ || 0 || ½ || ½ || 1 || ½ || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || ½ || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || '''15''' || '''155.25'''
|- style="background:#ccffccCCFFCC;"
| 5 || align=left|{{flagathlete|'''[[Mark Taimanov]]'''|Uni Soviet}} || 0 || 1 || ½ || ½ || - || ½ || ½ || ½ || ½ || ½ || ½ || 0 || ½ || 0 || 1 || 1 || ½ || 1 || ½ || 1 || ½ || 1 || 1 || 1 || '''14''' || '''146.50'''
|- style="background:#ccffccCCFFCC;"
| 6 || align=left|{{flagathlete|'''[[Wolfgang Uhlmann]]'''|Jerman Timur}} || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || ½ || - || 1 || ½ || ½ || 1 || ½ || ½ || 1 || ½ || 0 || 1 || ½ || 1 || 1 || ½ || 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || '''14''' || '''141.50'''
|-
Baris 119:
 
Kemenangan Fischer memberinya hak untuk menantang juara bertahan Spassky.
 
 
== Lihat pula ==
Baris 134 ⟶ 133:
|authorlink=Conel Hugh O'Donel Alexander
|title=Fischer v. Spassky
|publisher=[[Vintage (publisher)|Vintage]]
|year=1972
|isbn=0-394-71830-5}}
* {{cite book
|last1=Benko
|first1=Pal
|authorlink1=Pal Benko
|last2=Hochberg
|first2=Burt
|authorlink2=Burt Hochberg
|title=Winning with Chess Psychology
|publisher=McKay Chess Library
|year=
|isbn= }}
* {{cite book
Baris 158 ⟶ 157:
|last=Brady
|first=Frank
|title=Endgame: Bobby Fischer's Remarkable Rise and Fall&nbsp;– from America's Brightest Prodigy to the Edge of Madness
|url=https://archive.org/details/endgamebobbyfisc0000brad
|publisher=[[Crown Publishing Group|Crown]]
|year=2011
|edition=1st
|isbn=0-307-46390-7}}
* {{cite book
|last1=Byrne
|first1=Robert
|authorlink1=Robert Byrne (chess player)
|last2=Nei
|first2=Ivo
|authorlink2=Iivo Nei
|title=Both Sides of the Chessboard
|url=https://archive.org/details/bothsidesofchess0000byrn
|publisher=Quadrangle/The New York Times Book Co.
|year=1974
|isbn=0-8129-0379-X}}
* {{cite book
|last=Donner
|first=J. H.
|authorlink=Jan Hein Donner
|title=The King: Chess Pieces
|publisher=New in Chess
|year=2006
|isbn=90-5691-171-6}}
* {{cite book
|last1=Edmonds
|first1=David
|authorlink1=David Edmonds (philosopher)
|last2=Eidinow
|first2=John
|authorlink2=
|title=Bobby Fischer Goes to War: How the Soviets Lost the Most Extraordinary Chess Match of All Time
|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780060510244
|publisher=[[HarperCollins|HarperCollins Publishers Inc]]
|year=2004
Baris 202 ⟶ 204:
|isbn=978-90-5691-263-5}}
* {{cite book
|last1=Evans
|first1=Larry
|authorlink1=Larry Evans
|last2=Smith
|first2=Ken
|authorlink2=Ken Smith (chess)
|title=Chess World Championship 1972: Fischer vs. Spassky
|url=https://archive.org/details/chessworldchampi00evan
|publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]]
|year=1973
|isbn=0-671-21546-9}}
* {{cite book
|last=Gligorić
|first=Svetozar
|authorlink=Svetozar Gligorić
|title=Fischer vs. Spassky • The Chess Match of the Century
Baris 224 ⟶ 227:
|year=1990
|title=Karpov on Karpov: Memoirs of a chess world champion
|url=https://archive.org/details/karpovonkarpovme0000karp|publisher=Liberty Publishing
|isbn= 0-689-12060-5}}
* {{cite book
Baris 233 ⟶ 236:
|isbn=1-85744-371-3}}
* {{cite book
|last=Kasparov|first=Garry
|year=2004b
|title=My Great Predecessors, part IV
Baris 239 ⟶ 242:
|isbn=1-85744-395-0}}
* {{cite book
|last=Kažić|first=B. M.|author-link=
|year=1974
|title=International Championship Chess: A Complete Record of FIDE Events
|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalcha00unse|publisher=Pitman
|isbn=0-273-07078-9}}
* {{cite book
Baris 324 ⟶ 327:
|last=Mednis|first=Edmar|authorlink=Edmar Mednis
|title=How to Beat Bobby Fischer
|url=https://archive.org/details/howtobeatbobbyfi0000medn|publisher=Dover
|year=1997
|isbn=0-486-29844-2 }}
Baris 335 ⟶ 338:
|isbn=1-85744-380-2}}
* {{cite book
|last1=Roberts
|first1=Richard
|authorlink1=
|last2=Schonberg
|first2=Harold C.
|authorlink2=Harold C. Schonberg
|last3=Horowitz
|first3=Al
|authorlink3=Israel Albert Horowitz
|last4=Reshevsky
|first4=Samuel
|authorlink4=Samuel Reshevsky
|title=Fischer/Spassky • The New York Times Report on the Chess Match of the Century
|url=https://archive.org/details/fischerspasskyne00robe
|publisher=[[Bantam Books]]
|year=1972
|isbn=978-0-553-07667-7}}
* {{cite book
|last=Soltis|first=Andy|authorlink=Andrew Soltis
|title=Bobby Fischer Rediscovered
|url=https://archive.org/details/bobbyfischerrediscovered|year=2003
|year=2003
|publisher=Batsford
|isbn=978-0-7134-8846-3}}
Baris 360 ⟶ 364:
|last=Steiner|first=George|authorlink=George Steiner
|title=Fields of Force: Fischer and Spassky at Reykjavik
|url=https://archive.org/details/fieldsofforcefis0000stei|year=1974
|year=1974
|publisher=Viking Press
|isbn= }}
Baris 367 ⟶ 371:
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chess.pl?tid=54397 Permainan dari pertandingan ini tersedia dengan penampil catur PGN di situs web Chessgames.com]
* [http://www.bobby-fischer.net/bobby_fischer_video_6.htm Komentar singkat dari Bobby Fischer tentang Pertandingan 1972] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060327010649/http://www.bobby-fischer.net/bobby_fischer_video_6.htm |date=2006-03-27 }} Video Klip
* Spassky vs Fischer 1972, Video Klip dengan komentar ahli: [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hrVFKtTA8Pk Permainan 3], [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2bgAOET5vs Permainan 5], [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvvwK3dDG9E Permainan 6], [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UPaI5rM2COs Permainan 8], [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uBHTC-kTYqM Pemainan 10], [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZUapL6yIO5k Permainan 11], [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1uoTaroXG28 Permainan 13]
 
{{Kotak bawah catur}}
{{Catur}}
{{Kejuaraan Catur Dunia|state=expanded}}
 
[[Kategori:Kejuaraan Catur Dunia|1972]]
[[Kategori:Catur padadalam tahun 1972]]
[[Kategori:Catur di Islandia]]
[[Kategori:Olahraga di Islandia padadalam tahun 1972]]
[[Kategori:Olahraga Reykjavík]]
[[Kategori:Hubungan Uni Soviet–AmerikaAmerika Serikat dengan Uni Soviet]]
[[Kategori:Reykjavík pada abad ke-20]]
[[Kategori:Politik dan olahraga]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Kejuaraan_Catur_Dunia_1972"