John B. Cobb: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox academic
| name = John B. Cobb, Jr.
| image = John B. Cobb, Jr.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Cobb pada tahun 2013
| birth_name = John Boswell Cobb, Jr.
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1925|2|9}}
| birth_place = [[Kobe]], [[Prefektur Hyōgo]], [[Jepang]]
| death_date = <!-- {{death date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) -->
| death_place =
| nationality = American
| spouse = {{marriage|Jean L. Cobb|1947}}<ref>{{cite news |date=4 February 2016 |title=Jean Cobb: Loving Wife and Mother, Librarian |url=https://www.claremont-courier.com/articles/obituaries/t18166-cobb |work=Claremont Courier |access-date=8 March 2019 |archive-date=2019-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327085903/https://www.claremont-courier.com/articles/obituaries/t18166-cobb |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
| awards = <!--notable national level awards only-->
| alma_mater = [[Universitas Chicago]]
| thesis_title = The Independence of Christian Faith from Speculative Beliefs<ref>{{cite thesis |last=Cobb |first=John B. |year=1952 |title=The Independence of Christian Faith from Speculative Beliefs |degree=PhD |location=Chicago |publisher=University of Chicago |oclc=80987653}}</ref>
| thesis_year = 1952
| school_tradition = {{hlist | [[Filsafat proses]] | [[teologi proses]]}}
| doctoral_advisor = [[Charles Hartshorne]]
| academic_advisors =
| influences = {{flatlist|
* [[Richard McKeon]]
* [[Alfred North Whitehead]]
* [[Daniel Day Williams]]
}}
| discipline = {{hlist | [[Teologi]] | [[filsafat]]}}
| sub_discipline = <!--academic discipline specialist area – e.g. Sub-atomic research, 20th Century Danish specialist, Pauline research, Arcadian and Ugaritic specialist-->
| workplaces = {{ubl | [[Universitas Emory]] | [[Claremont School of Theology]]}}
| doctoral_students = {{flatlist|
* [[Rita Nakashima Brock]]
* [[Nancy R. Howell]]<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1748-0922.1992.tb00087.x/pdf|doi = 10.1111/j.1748-0922.1992.tb00087.x|title = Dissertations Completed|journal = Religious Studies Review|year = 1992|volume = 18|issue = 2|pages = 170–176}}</ref>
* [[Catherine Keller (theologian)|Catherine Keller]]
}}
| notable_students = <!--only those with WP articles-->
| main_interests = {{hlist | [[Metafisika]] | [[Etika lingkungan]]}}
| notable_works =
| notable_ideas = {{hlist | Christocentric pluralism | [[Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare]]}}
| influenced = {{flatlist|
* [[Monica Coleman]]
* [[Bruce G. Epperly|Bruce Epperly]]
* [[Roland Faber]]
* [[David Ray Griffin]]
* [[C. Robert Mesle]]
* [[Michel Weber]]
}}
| signature =
| signature_alt =
}}
'''John B. Cobb, Jr.''' ({{lahirmati||9|2|1925}}) adalah seorang [[teologi|teolog]] [[Gereja Methodis|United Methodist]] [[Amerika Serikat|Amerika]] yang memainkan peranan penting dalam perkembangan [[teologi proses]]. Ia memadukan [[metafisika]] [[Alfred North Whitehead]] ke dalam [[agama Kristen]], dan menerapkannya ke dalam masalah-masalah [[keadilan sosial]].
== Biografi ==
John Cobb dilahirkan di [[Jepang]] pada [[1925]] dalam keluarga misionaris [[Methodis]]. Pada [[1940]], ia pindah ke [[Georgia (negara bagian AS)|Georgia]] untuk masuk ke SMA. Setelah lulus, ia masuk ke sekolah tinggi (junior college), [[Universitas Emory|Emory College]] (kini [[Oxford College, Universitas Emory]]) di [[Oxford, Georgia]]. Ia seorang yang sangat saleh dan memiliki keyakinan moral yang kuat. Ia berjuang melawan [[rasialisme]] dan [[prasangka]] di antara teman-temannya. Pada [[1944]] ia masuk dinas [[militer]] dan berjumpa dengan kaum intelektual dari agama-agama lain, termasuk [[Yudaisme]] dan [[Katolik]], yang memperlihatkan kepadanya perspektif-perspektif baru. Pada saat inilah ia memperoleh pengalaman keagamaan yang menyebabkannya menjadi seorang pendeta.
Semua pengalamannya ini memberikan kepadanya cicipan akan pemikiran yang intelektual. Ia masuk ke sebuah program antar-jurusan di [[Universitas Chicago]], dan di sana ia menguji imannya dengan mulai mempelajari semua keberatan dunia moderan terhadap agama Kristen, sehingga ia dapat menjawabnya. Imannya mengalami banyak guncangan. Cobb mengalami disilusi dengan banyak keyakinannya sebelumnya. Dengan harapan untuk memecahkan krisis imannya dan mendamaikan pandangan dunia modern dengan iman Kristennya, ia masuk ke Sekolah Teologi Universitas Chicago (University of Chicago Divinity School) pada 1947. Ia berhasil terutama karena bantuan [[Richard McKeon]], seorang [[relativis]] filsafat, dan [[Charles Hartshorne]], yang memperkenalkannya dengan metafisika dan filsafat [[Alfred North Whitehead|Whitehead]], yang dipadukan oleh Hartshorne ke dalam apa yang kelak dikenal sebagai teologi proses. Hal ini memberikan kepadanya keyakinan yang baru tentang gagasan mengenai Allah. Cobb mendapatkan gelar MA-nya pada 1949 dan PhD pada 1952 dari Universitas Chicago.
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== Karya tulis ==
* ''Varieties of Protestantism'', [[1960]]
* ''Living options in Protestant Theology'', [[1962]]
* ''A Christian Natural Theology: Based on the Thought of Alfred North Whitehead'', Westminster Press, 1965, [http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=1085 edisi online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924112436/http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=1085 |date=2015-09-24 }}
* ''The Structure of Christian Existence'', 1967, University Press of America cetak ulang 1990, [http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=1086 edisi online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060117171958/http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=1086 |date=2006-01-17 }}
* ''God and the World'', Westminster Press, 1969, [http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=373 edisi online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070705023006/http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=373 |date=2007-07-05 }}
* ''Is It Too Late? A Theology of Ecology'', [[1971]] (revised edisi, [[1995]])
* ''Living Options in Protestant Theology'', Westminster Press, 1972, [http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=806 edisi online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051126184613/http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=806 |date=2005-11-26 }}
* ''Liberal Christianity at the Crossroads'', [[1973]], [http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=1104 edisi online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051126184750/http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=1104 |date=2005-11-26 }}
* ''Christ in a Pluralistic Age'', Westminster Press, 1975, [http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=403 edisi online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930204206/http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=403 |date=2007-09-30 }}
* ''Process Theology: An Introductory Exposition'', dengan [[David Ray Griffin]], Philadelphia: Westminster Press, [[1976]], ISBN 0-664-24743-1
* ''Theology and Pastoral Care'', dengan [[David Ray Griffin]], [[1977]]
* ''Mind in Nature: the Interface of Science and Philosophy'', disunting bersama [[David Ray Griffin]], University Press of America, 1977, [http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=2066 edisi online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051126190757/http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=2066 |date=2005-11-26 }}
* ''The Liberation of Life: from the Cell to the Community'', dengan Charles Birch, [[1981]]
* ''Process Theology as Political Theology'', Westminster Press, 1982, [http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=3035 edisi online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051126192728/http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=3035 |date=2005-11-26 }}
* ''Beyond Dialogue: Toward a Mutual Transformation of Christianity and Buddhism'', [[1982]]
* ''Existence and Actuality: Conversations with Charles Hartshorne'', disunting bersama Franklin I. Gamwell, University of Chicago Press, 1984, [http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=2072 edisi online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051126191029/http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=2072 |date=2005-11-26 }}
* ''Talking About God: Doing Theology in the Context of Modern Pluralism'', dengan David Tracy, Seabury Press, 1983, [http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=1626 edisi online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051126185819/http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=1626 |date=2005-11-26 }}
* ''Praying for Jennifer'', The Upper Room, 1985, [http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=622 edisi online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070724073237/http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=622 |date=2007-07-24 }}
* ''Christian Identity and Theological Education'', dengan Joseph Hough, [[1985]]
* ''Biblical Preaching on the Death of Jesus'', dengan Beardslee, Lull, Pregeant, Weeden, and Woodbridge, [[1989]]
* ''For the Common Good: Redirecting the Economy Toward Community, Environment, and a Sustainable Future'', dengan [[Herman Daly]], [[1989]] (edisi revisi, [[1994]])
* ''Doubting Thomas: Christology in Story Form'', Crossroad Publishing, 1990, ISBN 0-8245-1033-X, [http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=1725 edisi online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051126190131/http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=1725 |date=2005-11-26 }}
* ''Death or Dialogue'', dengan Leonard Swidler, Paul Knitter, dan Monika Helwig, [[1990]]
* ''Matters of Life and Death'', [[1991]]
* ''Can Christ Become Good News Again?'', [[1991]]
* ''Sustainability: Economics, Ecology, and Justice'', Orbis Books, 1992, [http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=2215 edisi online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930204523/http://www.religion-online.org/showbook.asp?title=2215 |date=2007-09-30 }}
* ''Becoming a Thinking Christian'', [[1993]]
* ''Lay Theology'', Chalice Press, 1994, ISBN 0-8272-2122-3
* ''Sustaining the Common Good: A Christian Perspective on the Global Economy'', Pilgrim Press, 1995, ISBN 0-8298-1010-2
* ''Grace and Responsibility'', [[1995]]
* ''Reclaiming the Church'', Westminster [[John Knox]] Press, 1997, ISBN 0-664-25720-8
* ''Fidelity With Plausibility: Modest Christologies in the Twentieth Century'', State University of New York Press, 1998, ISBN 0-7914-3596-2
* ''The Earthist Challenge to Economism: A Theological Critique of the World Bank'', [[Palgrave Macmillan]], 1999, ISBN 0-312-21838-9
* ''Transforming Christianity and the World: A Way Beyond Absolutism and Relativism'', Orbis Books, 1999, ISBN 1-57075-271-0
* ''Postmodernism and Public Policy: Reframing Religion, Culture, Education, Sexuality, Class, Race, Politics, and the Economy'', State University of New York Press, 2001, ISBN 0-7914-5166-6
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== Lihat pula ==
* [[teologi proses]]
* [[kristologi]]
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== Pranala luar ==
* [http://people.bu.edu/wwildman/WeirdWildWeb/courses/mwt/dictionary/mwt_themes_850_cobb.htm#John%20B%20Cobb,%20Jr.%20(1925-%20) Biografi John Cobb, Jr. di Universitas Boston].
* [http://www.ctr4process.org/ Pusat untuk Studi Teologi Proses]
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Cobb, John B.}}
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