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[[FileBerkas:Swiss Embassy in Havana.jpg|thumbjmpl|Sejak 1961 sampai 2015, [[Hubungan luar negeri Swiss|Swiss]] berperan sebagai negara pelindung Amerika Serikat di Kuba. [[Seksi Kepentingan Amerika Serikat di Havana]], meski dijalankan oleh anggota [[Dinas Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat]], merupakan seksi resmi Kedutaan Besar Swiss.<ref name=LT2015>{{fr}} Stéphane Bussard, "[http://www.letemps.ch/monde/2015/07/19/voix-suisse-etats-unis-cuba-se-tait La voix suisse des États-Unis à Cuba se tait] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329030150/http://www.letemps.ch/monde/2015/07/19/voix-suisse-etats-unis-cuba-se-tait |date=2016-03-29 }}", ''[[Le Temps]]'', Monday 20 July 2015.</ref>]]
 
'''Negara pelindung''' adalah negara yang mewakili [[negara berdaulat]] lain yang tidak memiliki [[perwakilan diplomatik]] di sebuah negara. Negara pelindung ditunjuk ketika dua negara memutuskan hubungan diplomatik satu sama lain. Negara pelindung bertugas mengurus aset diplomatik dan warga negara pengirim di negara yang menaunginya. Apabila hubungan diplomatik diputus akibat perang, negara pelindung juga akan mengurus [[tawanan perang]] serta kepentingan warga sipil di wilayah yang diduduki musuh.
 
Konsep negara pelindung sudah ada sejak [[Perang PerancisPrancis-Prusia]] tahun 1870 dan diatur oleh [[Konvensi Jenewa (1929)|Konvensi Jenewa 1929]]. Negara pelindung diberi kekuasaan oleh keempat perjanjian [[Konvensi Jenewa]] tahun 1949. Selain itu, Palang Merah Internasional sendiri bisa ditunjuk sebagai negara pelindung berdasarkan [[Protokol I]] (1977). Pemilihan negara pelindung pada masa damai diatur dalam [[Konvensi Wina tentang Hubungan Diplomatik]] (1961).<ref name="vienna_convention">{{cite web|title=Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations|url=http://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/conventions/9_1_1961.pdf|publisher=United Nations|date=18 April 1961}}</ref><ref name=fam1020>{{cite book|title=U.S. Department of State Foreign Affairs Manual|location=7 FAM 1020|url=https://fam.state.gov/FAM/07FAM/07FAM1020.html}}</ref>
 
== Mandat saat ini ==
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! Catatan
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Canada}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Israel}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Cuba}}
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| <ref>{{cite news|last1=Wootliff|first1=Raoul|title=In first since 1973, Israeli minister in ‘private’ visit to Cuba|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/in-first-since-1973-israeli-minister-in-private-visit-to-cuba/|work=The Times of Israel|date=3 October 2017|quote=With no Israeli embassy in the country, Canada currently represents Israel’s interests in Havana, including assisting the country’s Jewish community.}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Canada}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Israel}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Venezuela}}
| Kepentingan nasional
| <ref>{{cite news|last1=Fenton|first1=Anthony|title=Canada will Represent Israel in Venezuela: Minister|url=http://www.dominionpaper.ca/articles/2526|work=The Dominion|issue=59|date=3 March 2009|language=en|access-date=2019-01-16|archive-date=2018-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116004534/http://www.dominionpaper.ca/articles/2526|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kelemen|first1=Jasmina|title=Canada to represent Israel in Venezuela|url=https://www.jta.org/2009/04/21/news-opinion/israel-middle-east/canada-to-represent-israel-in-venezuela|work=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|date=21 April 2009}}</ref>
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! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Czech Republic }}
| {{flagflagcountry|United States}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Syria}}
| Kepentingan nasional
| <ref name=fam1020/><ref>{{cite web|title=U.S. Interests Section|url=http://www.mzv.cz/damascus/en/u_s_interests_section/index.html|website=Embassy of the Czech Republic in Damascus|accessdate=10 February 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Greece}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Egypt}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Qatar}}
| Menyeluruh
| ''SeeLihat alsopula:'' [[Egypt–QatarHubungan relationsMesir–Qatar]]
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Italy}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Canada}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Iran}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref>{{cite web |title=Canada - Iran Relations |url=http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/iran/canada-iran/canada-iran.aspx?lang=eng |website=Canada's International Gateway |publisher=Government of Canada}}</ref>
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! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Oman}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Iran}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Canada}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref>{{cite web|title=Oman to represent Iran's Canada interests|url=http://ca.reuters.com/article/topNews/idCABRE99L0FR20131022|website=Reuters.com|publisher=Reuters|accessdate=14 August 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Pakistan}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Iran}}
| {{flagflagcountry|United States}}
| Kepentingan nasional
| ''SeeLihat alsopula:'' [[InterestsSeksi SectionKepentingan ofRepublik the Islamic Republic ofIslam Iran indi theAmerika United StatesSerikat|IranianSeksi InterestsKepentingan SectionIran]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.daftar.org/Eng/default.asp?lang=eng|title=Interests Section of the Islamic Republic of Iran|publisher=[[Embassy of Pakistan, Washington, D.C.]]|access-date=2019-01-16|archive-date=2019-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190521002714/http://daftar.org/Eng/default.asp?lang=eng|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Romania}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Australia}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Syria}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref>{{cite web|title=Romanian Embassy in Syria|url=http://dfat.gov.au/about-us/our-locations/missions/Pages/romanian-embassy-in-syria.aspx|website=Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Australia)|accessdate=10 February 2017|language=en-us|quote=The Romanian diplomatic mission provides consular assistance to Australians}}</ref><ref name="romania-insider"/>
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! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Romania}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Canada}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Syria}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref name="romania-insider">{{cite news|last1=Popescu|first1=Irina|title=Romania to represent Canada’s interests in Syria - Romania Insider|url=http://www.romania-insider.com/romania-to-represent-canadas-interests-in-syria/|work=Romania Insider|date=10 December 2014}}</ref>
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! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Romania}}
| {{flagflagcountry|France}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Syria}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref name="romania-insider"/>
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! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Romania}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Moldova}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Syria}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref name="romania-insider"/>
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! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Spain}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Venezuela}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Israel}}
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| <ref>{{cite news|title=Venezuela: Spain Will Represent Our Interests in Israel|url=https://www.haaretz.com/1.5447902|work=Haaretz|agency=Associated Press|date=16 September 2009|language=en}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Sweden}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Australia}}
| {{flagflagcountry|North Korea}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref name="sweden">{{cite web|title=The Embassy: Pyongyang|url=http://www.swedenabroad.com/en-GB/Embassies/Pyongyang/About-us/About-the-Embassy/|publisher=Swedenabroad.com|access-date=2019-01-16|archive-date=2020-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200423224219/https://www.swedenabroad.se/en-GB/Embassies/Pyongyang/About-us/About-the-Embassy/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
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! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Sweden}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Canada}}
| {{flagflagcountry|North Korea}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref name="sweden"/>
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! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Sweden}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Denmark}}
| {{flagflagcountry|North Korea}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref name="sweden"/>
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! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Sweden}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Finland}}
| {{flagflagcountry|North Korea}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref name="sweden"/>
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! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Sweden}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Iceland}}
| {{flagflagcountry|North Korea}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref name="sweden"/>
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! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Sweden}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Italy}}
| {{flagflagcountry|North Korea}}
| SchengenPermohonan visa applicationsSchengen
| <ref name="sweden"/>
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! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Sweden}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Norway}}
| {{flagflagcountry|North Korea}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref name="sweden"/>
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Sweden}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Spain}}
| {{flagflagcountry|North Korea}}
| SchengenPermohonan visa applicationsSchengen
| <ref name="sweden"/>
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! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Sweden}}
| {{flagflagcountry|United States}}
| {{flagflagcountry|North Korea}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref name=fam1020/><ref name="sweden"/>
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Switzerland}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Georgia}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Russia}}
| Kepentingan nasional
| <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mfa.gov.ge/MainNav/EmbassiesRepresentations/GeorgianMissionsAbroad/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A9%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90.aspx|title=Georgia's Interests Section of the Swiss Confederation's Embassy to the Russian Federation|publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia]]|access-date=2019-01-16|archive-date=2018-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209063114/http://www.mfa.gov.ge/MainNav/EmbassiesRepresentations/GeorgianMissionsAbroad/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A9%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90.aspx|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Switzerland}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Iran}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Egypt}}
| Kepentingan nasional
| <ref name=ch>{{cite web|author1=Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs|title=Protective power mandates|url=http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/topics/peasec/peac/confre/goch/protpw.html|date=4 April 2012}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Switzerland}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Iran}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Saudi Arabia}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref name="Arabia - Iran">{{cite web|title=Good offices: Switzerland takes on protecting power mandate for Iran and Saudi Arabia |url=https://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/aussenpolitik/menschenrechte-menschliche-sicherheit/frieden/die_guten_dienstederschweiz/schutzmachtmandate.html/eda/en/meta/news/2017/10/25/68540.html|website=eda.admin.ch|publisher=Swiss Foreign Affairs Department|accessdate=8 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Switzerland}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Russia}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Georgia}}
| Kepentingan nasional
| <ref name=ch/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.georgia.mid.ru/|title=Embassy of Switzerland in Georgia, Russian Federation Interests Section|publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Russia)|Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation]]|access-date=2019-01-16|archive-date=2008-09-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914050509/http://www.georgia.mid.ru/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Switzerland}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Saudi Arabia}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Iran}}
| Menyeluruh
| <ref name="Arabia - Iran" />
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Switzerland}}
| {{flagflagcountry|United States}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Iran}}
| Kepentingan nasional
| <ref name=fam1020/><ref name=ch/>
|-
! scope="row" | {{flagflagcountry|Turkey}}
| {{flagflagcountry|United States}}
| {{flagflagcountry|Libya}}
| Kepentingan nasional
| <ref name=fam1020/><ref>http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/europe/03/20/turkey.us.libya/</ref>
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* {{Portal-inline|Hubungan internasional}}
 
== Catatan dan referensi ==
{{Reflist|2}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
* [https://fam.state.gov/fam/07fam/07fam1070.html "Representation of Interests of the United States by Third Powers"], ''Foreign Affairs Manual'', U.S. State Department
 
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Negara Pelindung}}
[[CategoryKategori:Kedutaan besar de facto]]
[[CategoryKategori:Diplomasi]]
[[CategoryKategori:Hukum internasional]]
[[CategoryKategori:Istilah hubungan internasional]]
[[CategoryKategori:Negara menurut status kekuasaan]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Negara_pelindung"