Konstanta Rydberg: Perbedaan antara revisi
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== Pengukuran presisi ==
Konstanta Rydberg adalah salah satu [[konstanta fisika]] yang ditetapkan paling akurat, dengan ketidakpastian eksperimental relatif kurang dari 7 bagian dalam 10<sup>12</sup>. Kemampuan pengukuran dengan presisi tinggi semacam itu membatasi proporsi nilai konstanta fisika lain yang mendefinisikannya.<ref name="codata">P.J. Mohr, B.N. Taylor, and D.B. Newell (2011), "The 2010 CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants" (Web Version 6.0). This database was developed by J. Baker, M. Douma, and S. Kotochigova. Available: http://physics.nist.gov/constants. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899. [http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?ryd Link to R<sub>∞</sub>], [http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?rydhcev Link to hcR<sub>∞</sub>]. Published in {{cite journal|doi=10.1103/RevModPhys.84.1527|postscript=""|title=CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2010|year=2012|last1=Mohr|first1=Peter J.|last2=Taylor|first2=Barry N.|last3=Newell|first3=David B.|journal=Reviews of Modern Physics|volume=84|issue=4|pages=1527|arxiv = 1203.5425 |bibcode = 2012RvMP...84.1527M }} dan {{Cite journal|doi=10.1063/1.4724320|postscript=""|title=CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2010|year=2012|last1=Mohr|first1=Peter J.|last2=Taylor|first2=Barry N.|last3=Newell|first3=David B.|journal=Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data|volume=41|issue=4|pages=043109|bibcode = 2012JPCRD..41d3109M }}.</ref><!-- ''See'' [[precision tests of QED]].
Since the Bohr model is not perfectly accurate, due to [[fine structure]], [[hyperfine splitting]], and other such effects, the Rydberg constant <math>R_{\infty}</math> cannot be ''directly'' measured at very high accuracy from the [[atomic spectral line|atomic transition frequencies]] of hydrogen alone. Instead, the Rydberg constant is inferred from measurements of atomic transition frequencies in three different atoms ([[hydrogen]], [[deuterium]], and [[antiprotonic helium]]). Detailed theoretical calculations in the framework of [[quantum electrodynamics]] are used to account for the effects of finite nuclear mass, fine structure, hyperfine splitting, and so on. Finally, the value of <math>R_{\infty}</math> comes from the [[best fit]] of the measurements to the theory.<ref name=codata2006paper>{{cite journal |doi=10.1103/RevModPhys.80.633 |title=CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2006 |journal=Reviews of Modern Physics |volume=80 |pages=633–730 |year=2008|bibcode=2008RvMP...80..633M |issue=2|arxiv = 0801.0028 |last2=Taylor |last3=Newell |last1=Mohr |first1=Peter J. |first2=Barry N. |first3=David B. }}</ref>
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:<math>r_\mathrm{e} = \frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}\frac{e^2}{m_{\mathrm{e}} c^2} </math> adalah [[:en:Classical electron radius|jari-jari elektron klasik]].
Ekspresi terakhir dalam persamaan pertama menunjukkan bahwa panjang gelombang cahaya yang dibutuhkan untuk mengionisasi [[atom hidrogen]] besarnya adalah 4π/α kali jari-jari Bohr dari atom itu.
Persamaan kedua relevan karena nilainya adalah koefisien untuk energi [[orbital atom]] dari atom [[hidrogen]]: <math>E_n = -h c R_\infty / n^2 </math>.
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