Patala: Perbedaan antara revisi

Dalam [[agama India|agama-agama]] berbasis [[darma]], '''Patala''' {{sanskerta|पाताल|Pātāla}} adalah alam di bawah [[Bumi]].<ref>Search for "paataala" in: {{cite web|url=http://aa2411s.aa.tufs.ac.jp/~tjun/sktdic/|title=Apte Sanskrit Dictionary Search|accessdate=1 July 2010|archive-date=2010-07-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100724141611/http://aa2411s.aa.tufs.ac.jp/~tjun/sktdic/|dead-url=yes}} gives results: "1.the last of the seven regions or worlds under the earth said to be peopled by naagas; 2.the lower regions or world in general"</ref><ref name="wilson">{{cite book|last=Wilson|first=Horace Hayman|authorlink=Horace Hayman Wilson|title=The Vishnu Purana (Translation)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bOgCAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA209&dq=patala&hl=en&ei=cIksTJLxHIi3rAeQ_pHFDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCwQ6AEwATgU#v=onepage&q=patala&f=false|volume=II|year=1865|publisher=Trubner & co.|location=London|pages=209–213| chapter=Chapter V}}</ref><ref name = "Mani">{{cite book|author = Mani, Vettam|title = Puranic Encyclopaedia: A Comprehensive Dictionary With Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature|url = https://archive.org/details/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft|publisher = Motilal Banarsidass|year = 1975|location = Delhi|isbn = 0-8426-0822-2|pages = 580–1[https://archive.org/details/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft/page/580 580]–1}}</ref> Patala biasanya dipadankan dengan alam bawah tanah atau dunia bawah.

Menurut [[kosmologi Hindu]], alam semesta terbagi menjadi tiga dunia: [[Swarga]] (alam atas), [[Pertiwi]] (bumi) dan Patala (alam bawah).{{sfn|Parmeshwaranand|2001|p=762-3}} Patala terdiri dari tujuh lapisan atau [[loka]],<ref name="dimmitt">{{cite book|last1=Dimmitt|first1=Cornelia|last2= Buitenen|first2=Johannes Adrianus Bernardus|title=Classical Hindu mythology: a reader in the Sanskrit Purāṇas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TmFOX7q2IqgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=hindu+mythology&hl=en&ei=a4ssTNG3LNGprAf6tvDEDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CD0Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=patala&f=false|year=1978|publisher=Temple University Press|pages=348–350}}</ref><ref name="dimmitt1">{{cite book|last1=Dimmitt|first1=Cornelia|last2= Buitenen|first2=Johannes Adrianus Bernardus|title=Classical Hindu mythology: a reader in the Sanskrit Purāṇas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TmFOX7q2IqgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=hindu+mythology&hl=en&ei=a4ssTNG3LNGprAf6tvDEDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CD0Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=patala&f=false|year=1978|publisher=Temple University Press|pages=48–49}}</ref><ref name = "bhagavata">{{cite web|url=http://srimadbhagavatam.com/5/24/en|title=Bhagavata Purana 5.24|last=[[Prabhupada]]|publisher=The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust International, Inc.|accessdate=1 July 2010|archive-date=2010-01-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100104040631/http://srimadbhagavatam.com/5/24/en|dead-url=yes}}</ref> yang ketujuh atau yang terendah disebut juga Patala atau ''Naga-loka'', alam para [[Naga]]. Bangsa [[Danawa]] (raksasa keturunan [[Danu (Asura)|Danu]]), [[Detya]] (raksasa keturunan [[Diti]]), [[Yaksa]], dan [[Naga]] tinggal di Patala.{{sfn|Wilson|1865|p=209–213}}