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Baris 2: \|conflict = Pertempuran Tikrit Kedua \|partof = [[Perang Saudara Irak (2014–sekarang)]],<br/> campur tangan prajurit terhadap [[Negara Islam Irak dan Syam\|NIIS]] dan <br/> Operasi militer di Salahuddin \|image = [[~~File~~Berkas:Battle of Tikrit (March 2015) (digitized).jpg\|340px]] \|caption = Bagan militer yang menerangkan dengan gambar mengenai keadaan di provinsi Salahuddin bagian tengah dari awal hingga pertengahan bulan Maret 2015.<ref>{{cite web \|last=Fadel \|first=Leith \|url=http://www.almasdarnews.com/article/battle-map-iraqi-army-makes-steady-gains-tikrit/ \|title=Battle Map: Iraqi Army Makes Steady Gains in Tikrit \|publisher=Almasdarnews.com \|date=3 March 2015 \|accessdate=14 March 2015 \|archive-date=2015-03-30 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150330012706/http://www.almasdarnews.com/article/battle-map-iraqi-army-makes-steady-gains-tikrit/ \|dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|last=Fadel \|first=Leith \|url=http://www.almasdarnews.com/article/monumental-battle-taking-place-tikrit-isis-faces-encirclement/ \|title=Monumental Battle Taking Place in Tikrit; ISIS Faces Encirclement \|publisher=Almasdarnews.com \|date=2 March 2015 \|accessdate=14 March 2015 \|archive-date=2015-03-04 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150304195428/http://www.almasdarnews.com/article/monumental-battle-taking-place-tikrit-isis-faces-encirclement/ \|dead-url=yes }}</ref> \|date = 2 Maret 2015 – 17 April 2015<br>({{Age in months, weeks and days\|month1=03\|day1=02\|year1=2015\|month2=04\|day2=17\|year2=2015}}) \|place = [[Tikrit]], [[Kegubernuran Salah ad-Din]], [[Irak]] Baris 13: * Pemberesan keadaan kota dan pengerjaan penjinakan bom mulai dilanjutkan di kota Tikrit dengan adanya perkiraan dari para pejabat bahwa kegiatan tersebut akan menghabiskan beberapa bulan untuk menjinakkan 5,.000 – 10.000 bom rakitan milik NIIS yang tertinggal<ref name="lessons"/> \|territory = Ibukota provinsi [[Saladin Governorate]], [[Tikrit]], is recaptured from ISIL, alongside the towns of Abu-Ajeel, Al-Dour, Al-Alam, Al-Awja and others. \|combatant1 = {{nowrap\|{{flagdeco\|Iraq}} '''[[Iraq]]'''}}<br>'''{{flag\|Iran}}'''<ref>{{cite web\|last=Bezhan \|first=Frud \|url=http://www.rferl.org/content/iraq-tikrit-iran-role-explainer/26882284.html \|title=Explainer: Iran's Role In Iraq's Fight Against Islamic State \|publisher=Rferl.org \|date=4 March 2015 \|accessdate=14 March 2015}}</ref><br>''[[American-led intervention in Iraq (2014–present)\|Airstrikes]]'':<br>'''{{flag\|United States}}'''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/03/led-coalition-pounds-isil-targets-tikrit-150326022916415.html\|title=US-led coalition pounds ISIL targets in Tikrit\|date=26 March 2015}}</ref><br/><small>( 25–31 March only)</small><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/03/25/u-s-ready-to-back-iran-with-airstrikes-against-isis.html\|title=U.S. Backs Iran With Airstrikes Against ISIS\|work=The Daily Beast}}</ref><ref name="US launches first airstrikes in Tikrit">{{cite web\|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-32035340\|title=Islamic State conflict: US launches Tikrit air strikes\|work=BBC News}}</ref><ref name="OIR airstrike updates" /><br>{{flagicon\|United Kingdom}} '''[[United Kingdom]]''' <small>(25–29 March only)</small><ref name="gov.uk">{{cite web\|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/latest-iraq-air-strikes#March-26\|date=7 April 2015\|title=Update: air strikes in Iraq}}</ref><br>{{flagicon\|France}} '''[[France]]'''<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2015/Mar-26/292217-france-launches-first-bombing-strike-against-isis-in-tikrit.ashx\|title=France launches first bombing strike against ISIS in Tikrit\|work=The Daily Star Newspaper - Lebanon\|accessdate=30 April 2015\|archive-date=2018-09-26\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926124117/http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2015/Mar-26/292217-france-launches-first-bombing-strike-against-isis-in-tikrit.ashx\|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.iraqinews.com/iraq-war/france-launchs-first-air-strike-isis-tikrit/\|title=France launchs its first air strike against ISIS in Tikrit\|author=Abdelhak Mamoun\|work=Iraq news, the latest Iraq news\|accessdate=30 April 2015}}</ref> \|combatant2 = {{Flagdeco\|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\|23px}} '''[[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]]''' ---- Baris 20: [[al-Hashd al-Shaabi\|PMF]] commanders:<br> {{flagicon image\|Kata'ib Hezbollah flag.svg}} [[Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis]]<ref name = "ISW terrorist">Muhandis is on the United States' list of designated terrorists: {{Cite web \| last = Lawrence \| first = John \| date = 26 May 2015 \| title = Iraq Situation Report: May 23–25, 2015 \| url = http://understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iraq-situation-report-may-23-25-2015 \| website = understandingwar.org \| publisher = [[Institute for the Study of War]] \| accessdate = 27 May 2015 }} See paragraph 5 of the report.</ref> {{Flagicon image\|Badr Organisation Military flag.svg}} [[Hadi al-Amiri]]<br><small>(Head of [[Badr Organization]])</small><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/03/isil-defeated-tikrit-150315054907973.html\|title=Can ISIS be defeated in Tikrit?\|publisher=\|accessdate=22 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="BBC: Tikrit - 4 March">{{cite news\|title=Iraqi forces seek to encircle IS fighters in Tikrit\|url=http://m.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-31727470\|accessdate=4 March 2015\|agency=BBC\|date=4 March 2015\|archive-date=2015-03-06\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150306133855/http://m.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-31727470\|dead-url=yes}}</ref><br/>[[Qais Khazali]]<ref name="The Bellingham Herald: Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq">{{cite news\|title=Insurgent attacks in Iraqi capital kill at least 11 people\|url=http://www.bellinghamherald.com/2015/03/05/4166367_attacks-in-iraqi-capital-kill.html?rh=1\|accessdate=5 March 2015\|agency=The Bellingham Herald\|date=5 March 2015}}{{Pranala mati\|date=Maret 2021 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><br/>Madi al-Kinani{{KIA}}<ref name="hameedevans"/><br/>Ali al-Moussawi{{KIA}}<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.iraqinews.com/iraq-war/volunteer-s-leadership-al-imam-ali-brigade-field-leader-has-martyred/\|title=Volunteer's leadership: AL-Imam Ali Brigade field leader has martyred - Iraqi News\|work=Iraq news, the latest Iraq news\|accessdate=22 March 2015}}</ref> \|commander2= {{Flagdeco\|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant}} [[Abu Suleiman al-Naser]] <small>(Replacement Military Chief)</small><ref name="who is next">{{cite web\|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/if-isis-leader-abu-bakr-al-baghdadi-killed-who-caliph-islamic-state-group-1721638\|title=If ISIS Leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi Is Killed, Who Is Caliph Of The Islamic State Group?\|author=Alessandria Masi\|date=11 November 2014\|work=International Business Times\|accessdate=30 April 2015}}</ref><br>{{Flagdeco\|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant}} Abu Nabil<br><small>(ISIL governor of the Saladin Governorate)</small><br>{{Flagdeco\|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant}} Abu Maria{{KIA}} <small>(top ISIL leader in Tikrit)</small><ref name="ISIL leader in Tikrit killed" /> ---- Baris 42: *[[Peace Brigades (Iraq)\|Peace Companies]]<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2015/mar/15/iraqi-militia-loyal-to-radical-cleric-joins/\|title=Iraqi militia loyal to radical cleric joins Tikrit offensive\|work=U-T San Diego\|accessdate=22 March 2015}}</ref> [[Sunni]] [[Arab tribes in Iraq\|tribal militias]]<ref name="NYT Iraqi Offensive">{{cite news\|title=Iraqi Offensive to Retake Tikrit From ISIS Begins\|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/03/world/middleeast/iraq-tikrit-isis.html?_r=0\|accessdate=3 March 2015\|agency=New York Times\|date=2 March 2015\|work=The New York Times\|first1=Omar\|last1=Al-Jawoshy}}</ref> **Martyrs of Salahiddeen<ref name="The Arab Source: Sunnis">{{cite news\|title=5,000 Sunni Militiamen Fighting Alongside the Iraqi Security Forces in Tikrit\|url=http://www.almasdarnews.com/article/5000-sunni-militiamen-fighting-alongside-iraqi-security-forces-tikrit/\|accessdate=4 March 2015\|agency=The Arab Source\|date=4 March 2015\|archive-date=2016-05-22\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160522093413/http://www.almasdarnews.com/article/5000-sunni-militiamen-fighting-alongside-iraqi-security-forces-tikrit/\|dead-url=yes}}</ref> '''Iran:''' {{flagicon image\|Seal of the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution.svg\|size=22px}} [[Quds Force]]<ref name="wsj.com"/> Baris 51: \|units2 = [[Military of ISIL]] \|strength1 =20,000–30,000+<ref name="NYT Iraqi Offensive"/><ref name="begin">{{cite web\|url=http://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2015/3/2/iraqi-government-forces-and-militias-begin-tikrit-offensive \|title=al-Araby al-Jadeed English - Iraqi government forces and militias begin Tikrit offensive \|publisher=Alaraby.co.uk \|date= \|accessdate=14 March 2015}}</ref><br/>(9,000 engaged)<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.defensenews.com/story/defense-news/blog/intercepts/2015/03/02/iraq-iran-is-war-terrorism/24270363/\|title=Iranian General Again in Iraq for Tikrit Offensive\|author=Paul McLeary\|date=2 March 2015\|work=Defense News\|accessdate=22 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/mar/05/iraq-pro-government-forces-struggle-topple-isis-tikrit\|title=Iraq: pro-government forces struggle to topple Isis in Tikrit\|author=Kareem Shaheen\|work=the Guardian\|accessdate=22 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/mar/02/iraq-assault-islamic-state-strongholds-baghdad\|title=Iraqi army and militia begin assault on Isis strongholds north of Baghdad\|author=Kareem Shaheen\|work=the Guardian\|accessdate=22 March 2015}}</ref> 20,000 Shi'ite paramilitaries<ref name="cleansing">{{cite web\|url=http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2015/03/11/259426/officials-us-watching-for-ethnic.html\|title=WASHINGTON: Officials: U.S. watching for ethnic cleansing in Tikrit battle in Iraq - National Security & Defense - McClatchy DC\|work=McClatchy DC\|accessdate=22 March 2015\|archive-date=2015-05-14\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514221953/http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2015/03/11/259426/officials-us-watching-for-ethnic.html\|dead-url=yes}}</ref> 3,200–4,000 Iraqi security forces<ref name="cleansing"/><ref name="Washington Post: Tikrit"/> 1,000–5,000 Sunni tribesmen<ref name="The Arab Source: Sunnis"/><ref name="cleansing"/> 40 [[Quds force]] officers<ref name="greenfieldreporter1">{{cite web \|url=http://www.greenfieldreporter.com/view/story/385bf9ca810b411bb2de409304588bf3/ML--Islamic-State \|title=Iraqi Kurdish officials claim Islamic State group used chemical weapons on peshmerga forces \|publisher=Greenfieldreporter.com \|date= \|accessdate=14 March 2015 \|archive-date=2020-03-17 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200317094459/http://www.greenfieldreporter.com/view/story/385bf9ca810b411bb2de409304588bf3/ML--Islamic-State \|dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref name=csmonitor /> <small>(specialist reinforcements sent)</small><ref name="ndtv.com"/> Baris 63: \|notes = }} '''Pertempuran Tikrit Kedua''' ([[bahasa Arab]]: معركة تكريت الثانية ''Ma'rakat Tikrit Al-Tsaaniyah'') adalah pertempuran di mana pasukan Irak merebut kembali kota [[Tikrit]] (ibukota provinsi dari [[Kegubernuran Salah ad Din\|kegubernuran Salah ad-Din]]) dari [[Negara Islam Irak dan Syam]] (NIIS). Pasukan Irak terdiri dari pasukan keamanan pemerintah dan '''Populer Mobilization Forces''' (yang sebagian besar dari pasukan darat terdiri atas milisi-milisi Syiah dengan beberapa suku Sunni). Irak menerima bantuan dari Iran dengan berangkatnya petugas Angkatan Darat Quds melalui jalur darat serta Amerika Serikat, Inggris, dan ~~Perancis~~Prancis membantu Irak melalui jalur udara.<ref name="NYTUSairShia">{{Cite news\|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/27/world/middleeast/iraq-us-air-raids-islamic-state-isis.html\|title=U.S. Airstrikes on ISIS in Tikrit Prompt Boycott by Shiite Fighters\|date=26 March 2015\|work=The New York Times\|quote=the American airstrike campaign against militants holed up in Tikrit\|author1=Rod Nordland and Helene Cooper\|accessdate=27 March 2015}}</ref> Kota [[Tikrit]] yang terletak di bagian tengah kegubernuran Salah ad-Din di sebelah utara [[Bagdad\|Baghdad]] dan [[Samarra]] serta tempatnya yang berdekatan dengan [[sungai Tigris]] sempat diambil alih oleh NIIS <font style="background-color: rgb(254, 252, 224);">pada saat pihak NIIS mengambil</font> langkah dengan memutuskan merebut kota tersebut sejak adanya tindakan penyerangan oleh NIIS pada bulan Juni 2014. Setelah kota tersebut telah diambil alih, pihak NIIS melakukan pembantaian yang keji di perkemahan Speicher yang berada di dekat Tikrit. Setelah berbulan-bulan melakukan persiapan dan mengumpulan keterangan-keterangan, pasukan Irak terlibat dalam tugas pengerjaan untuk melakukan pengepungan<ref>{{Cite news\|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-31727470\|title=BBC News - Iraqi forces seek to encircle IS fighters in Tikrit\|date=4 March 2015\|publisher=Bbc.co.uk\|accessdate=14 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/03/03/uk-mideast-crisis-iraq-idUKKBN0LZ0Z020150303\|title=Iraqi forces try to seal off Islamic State around Tikrit\|date=3 March 2015\|agency=Reuters\|accessdate=4 March 2015\|archive-date=2015-07-18\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150718053430/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/03/03/uk-mideast-crisis-iraq-idUKKBN0LZ0Z020150303\|dead-url=yes}}</ref> lalu disusul dengan pengambilalihan kota itu lagi yang telah dimulai pada 2 Maret 2015.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/03/02/recapturing-tikrit-isis_n_6781470.html\|title=Iraq Launches Large-Scale Military Operation To Recapture Tikrit From Islamic State\|date=2 March 2015\|publisher=Huffingtonpost.com\|accessdate=14 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="aljazeera1">{{Cite web\|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/03/iraq-launches-offensive-tikrit-isil-150301181442703.html\|title=Iraq launches offensive to take back Tikrit from ISIS\|date=2 March 2015\|publisher=Aljazeera.com\|accessdate=14 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/islamic-state/11443997/Iraq-launches-major-offensive-to-recapture-Tikrit.html\|title=Iraq launches major offensive to recapture Tikrit\|date=2 March 2015\|publisher=Telegraph.co.uk\|location=London\|accessdate=14 March 2015}}</ref> Rencana penyerbuan tersebut adalah suatu pengerjaan besar-besaran yang dilakukan pasukan penentang NIIS sampai saat ini dengan melibatkan sebanyak 20.000–30.000 pasukan Irak (jumlah tersebut lebih dari dua kali lipat melampaui jumlah pejuang NIIS) dengan ditaksir hanya 13.000 pejuang NIIS hadir untuk bertempur.<ref name="NYT Iraqi Offensive"><cite class="citation news">Al-Jawoshy, Omar (2 March 2015). </cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/the-star-early-edition/20150304/282514361994067/TextView\|title=Connecting People Through News\|date=\|publisher=PressReader\|accessdate=14 March 2015}}</ref> Dilaporkan bahwa 90% dari penduduk kota Tikrit pergi keluar disebakan rasa takut mereka baik terhadap pihak NIIS maupun adanya serangan balas dendam dari milisi-milisi Syiah segera sesudah kota Tikrit diambil alih. Dengan demikian, sebagian besar penduduk melarikan diri ke kota-kota terdekat seperti Baghdad dan Samarra, atau bahkan lebih jauh ke [[Kurdistan Irak]] dan [[Lebanon]].<ref name="theguardian.com">{{Cite web\|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/mar/05/iraq-pro-government-forces-struggle-topple-isis-tikrit\|title=Iraq: pro-government forces struggle to topple Isis in Tikrit \| World news\|date=\|publisher=Theguardian.com\|accessdate=14 March 2015}}</ref> Pada 4 April 2015 yaitu setelah beberapa hari segelintir milisi Syiah bertanggung jawab untuk melakukan perjuangan berat dan pembalasan dendam, tidak ada hal-hal buruk yang mengancam kota tersebut sebagaimana yang dilaporkan<ref name="Tikrit freed but in ruins">{{Cite web\|url=http://news.yahoo.com/iraqs-tikrit-free-islamic-state-city-ruins-060428880.html\|title=Iraq's Tikrit, free of the Islamic State, is a city in ruins\|date=4 April 2015\|work=Yahoo News\|accessdate=10 April 2015}}</ref> dan gelombang terakhir pasukan NIIS telah diganyang<ref name="ISIL expelled from Tikrit">{{Cite web\|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-32181503\|title=Iraq Tikrit: looting and lawlessness follow recapture\|work=BBC News\|accessdate=10 April 2015}}</ref> lalu seorang polisi Irak melaporkan bahwa keadaan kota tersebut sudah tenang sekarang.<ref name="Shiite militias leave Tikrit after looting">{{Cite web\|url=http://m.huffpost.com/us/entry/7004366\|title=Shiite Militias Pulled Out Of Tikrit After Looting: Iraqi Officials\|work=The Huffington Post\|accessdate=10 April 2015}}</ref> Namun, sebanyak 500 pejuang NIIS dilaporkan masih melanjutkan perlawanan pada 5 April 2015 di daerah-daerah yang berlainan<ref name="hundreds">{{Cite web\|url=http://rudaw.net/english/middleeast/iraq/05042015\|title=Hundreds of ISIS fighters, suicide bombers holed up in Tikrit district\|work=Rudaw\|accessdate=10 April 2015}}</ref> yang mana perlawanan tersebut telah berlangsung lama selama beberapa pekan usai pasukan pemerintah terus melakukan pencarian teliti terhadap pasukan NIIS di kota Tikrit supaya bisa menghilangkan keberadaan pihak NIIS khususnya di sebelah utara distrik Qadisiya. Pada 12 April 2015, pasukan Irak menyatakan bahwa Tikrit akhirnya bebas dari semua pasukan NIIS serta sudah aman bagi penduduk untuk kembali.<ref name="tears for Tikrit">{{Cite web\|url=http://www.keyetv.com/news/features/top-stories/stories/iraq-tears-tikrit-25267.shtml\|title=Iraq: Tears For Tikrit\|author=Sinclair Broadcast Group\|work=keyetv.com Austin News, Weather, Traffic KEYE-TV Austin\|accessdate=30 April 2015\|archive-date=2015-04-25\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150425100116/http://www.keyetv.com/news/features/top-stories/stories/iraq-tears-tikrit-25267.shtml\|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Namun, gelombang pasukan NIIS masih melakukan perlawanan yang berlangsung sampai 17 April 2015.<ref name="Tikrit finally retaken">{{Cite web\|url=http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/liberated-islamic-state-tikrit-struggles-reconciliation/\|title=Liberated from Islamic State, Tikrit struggles with reconciliation\|work=PBS NewsHour\|accessdate=30 April 2015}}</ref> Saat itu, 140 perantara mata-mata NIIS yang diutus ke kota tersebut telah tewas.<ref name="ISIL sleepers killed"><cite class="citation web">Abdelhak Mamoun. [http://www.iraqinews.com/iraq-war/130-isis-elements-killed-sleeper-cells-found-tikrit/ "130 ISIS elements killed, sleeper cells found in Tikrit"]. </cite></ref><ref name="Izzat reportedly killed"><cite class="citation web">[http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/saddam-hussein-deputy-killed-tikrit-report-article-1.2188947 "Saddam Hussein's former deputy killed near Tikrit: report"].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wiki-indonesia.club%3ASecond+Battle+of+Tikrit&rft.btitle=Saddam+Hussein%27s+former+deputy+killed+near+Tikrit%3A+report&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fsaddam-hussein-deputy-killed-tikrit-report-article-1.2188947&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </span></ref> Penyelesaian untuk melakukan pembersihan dan pengerjaan untuk menjinakkan semua bom rakitan di kota tersebut terus dikerjakan, tapi para pejabat Irak memerkirakan bahwa hal itu akan menghabiskan sekurang-kurangnya beberapa bulan untuk menghilangkan hasil ledakan bom rakitan yang diperkirakan sekitar 5.000–10.000 bom yang ditinggalkan oleh NIIS di kota Tikrit.<ref name="lessons"><cite class="citation news">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/joseph-v-micallef/lessons-from-the-second-b_b_7049430.html?ncid=txtlnkusaolp00000592 "Lessons From the Second Battle of Tikrit: March 2-April 4, 2015"]. </cite></ref> == Catatan kaki == Baris 75: [[Kategori:Negara Islam Irak dan Syam]] [[Kategori:Konflik dalam tahun 2015]]