Volvo Seri 900: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Baris 21:
| image = Volvo-940-Sedan.jpg
| manufacturer = [[Volvo Cars]]
| aka =Volvo 960 (Indonesia)
| production = September 1990–5 Februari 1998<ref>{{cite web |language=en |url=http://www.volvocars.com/intl/about/our-company/heritage/heritage-models/50-940-estate |title=940 Estate |publisher=Volvo Car Corporation |website=www.volvocars.com/intl |access-date=2018-02-11 |archive-date=2018-02-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180212083249/https://www.volvocars.com/intl/about/our-company/heritage/heritage-models/50-940-estate |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
| model_years =
| designer =
Baris 37:
| wheelbase = {{cvt|2770|mm|in|1}}
| height = {{ubl |sedan: {{cvt|1410|mm|in|1}} |estate: {{cvt|1435|mm|in|1}}}}
| weight = {{ubl |sedan: |{{convert|1445|-|1485|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} |estate: |{{convert|1481|-|1520|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web |language=en |url=http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1995/1995_940/95940_9_1.html#specs |title=1995 Volvo 940 owner's manual |publisher=Volvo Car Corporation |date=1994 |access-date=2018-02-11 |archive-date=2019-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404012134/http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1995/1995_940/95940_9_1.html#specs |dead-url=yes }}</ref>}}
}}
{{Multiple image | align = left | direction = vertical | width =
Baris 54:
 
Volvo 940 adalah salah satu mobil produksi terakhir dari generasi sebelumnya yang sudah pernah lama dengan sistem [[penggerak roda belakang]] dari Volvo.
 
Volvo 940 menampilkan mesin bensin 4 silinder atau turbodiesel 6 silinder 960 Estate adalah pilihamurnimi bagi pelanggan cerdas yang menginginkan mobil yang menawarkan kombinasi unik antara kenyamanan, keamanan, ergonomis, ruang, dan keserbagunaan, kombinasi yang sangat disukai oleh pengemudi dan penumpang yang tertarik dengan aktivitas seperti golf, berlayar, atau berburu. Estate 940 hampir menjadi legendaris seperti pendahulunya, estate 240, paling tidak menjadi model Volvo penggerak roda belakang terakhir (bersama dengan seri S90/V90n.
 
== Volvo 960 ==
Baris 59 ⟶ 61:
{{Infobox automobile
| name = Volvo 960
| image = 951997 Volvo 960V90 (12467984223).pngjpg
| manufacturer = [[Volvo Cars]]
| aka = {{ubl |Volvo S90 |Volvo V90}}
Baris 84 ⟶ 86:
| wheelbase = {{ubl |{{convert|109.1|in|mm|0|abbr=on|order=flip}} |{{convert|115|in|mm|0|abbr=on|order=flip}} (960 Executive/S90 Royal LWB)}}
| height = {{ubl |1992–1994 sedan: |{{convert|55.5|in|mm|0|abbr=on|order=flip}} |1992–1994 estate: <br> {{convert|56.5|in|mm|0|abbr=on|order=flip}} |1995–1998 sedan: <br> {{convert|56.6|in|mm|0|abbr=on|order=flip}} | 1995–1998 estate: <br> {{convert|57.6|in|mm|0|abbr=on|order=flip}}}}
| weight = {{ubl |sedan: |{{convert|1560|-|1604|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} |estate: |{{convert|1602|-|1629|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web |language=en |url=http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1998/1998_SV90/98S90_125.htm#129 |title=1998 Volvo S90 owner's manual |publisher=Volvo Car Corporation |website=new.volvocars.com |date=1997 |access-date=2018-02-11 |archive-date=2016-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161125164340/http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1998/1998_SV90/98S90_125.htm#129 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>}}
}}
 
Mobil asal Swedia yang pernah menjadi mobil dinas menteri di era orde baru ini memang nyaman dan aman. Untuk yang tahun 1992 kebanyakan bermesin 3.000 cc dengan turbo besar, transmisi matik dan suspensi belakang yang menggunakan nifomatic.
 
Secara kapasitas mesin memang lebih kencang karena CC-nya besar, namun tidak ekonomis di konsumsi bensin dan biaya pemeliharaan. Tapi ada juga yang versi 2.300 cc dengan turbo, transmisi matik dan suspensi yang sama.
 
Di tahun 1994-1995 menggunakan mesin 2.300 cc tanpa turbo, transmisi matiknya ada 2 versi, ZF dan AW (Aisin). Untuk yang seri ini tenaga mesin memang berkurang karena tanpa turbo, tapi konsumsi bensin dan biaya pemeliharaan jauh lebih hemat.
 
Interiornya memang terbilang sederhana, namun balutan jok kulit terlihat mewah. Di tahun 1996 keluar 2.300 cc dengan turbo yang lebih kecil, transmisi matik, dan suspensi konvensional. Sebenarnya ada juga 960 Royal, versi mewah dari 960 yang sudah ada.
 
Beberapa perbedaannya di antaranya kapasitas mesin 3.000 cc 6 silinder, elektrik seat, dasbor beda model, suspensi nifomatic dengan sistem independen, bukan solid axle. Bagi yang ingin “naik kelas” dari 960 biasa, bisa melirik 960 Royal ini.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Billy|date=20 September 2011|title=Mengenal Volvo 960|url=https://otomotifnet.gridoto.com/amp/read/231058759/mengenal-volvo-960|website=Otomotifnet.com|access-date=10 Februari 2023}}</ref>
 
'''Pra-pembaharuan'''
[[File:Volvo 960 wagon.jpg|thumb|left|Volvo 960 station wagon (AS)]]
 
'''Pembaharuan'''
[[File:Volvo 960 rear 20080331.jpg|thumb|left|Volvo 960 sedan]]
[[File:Volvo 960 wagon -- 07-04-2011.jpg|thumb|left|Volvo 960 station wagon (AS)]]
 
== Spesifikasi ==
{{Expert needed|Automobiles||reason=Most of the engines section is empty/blank and the section titled "comment" needs clarification|date=October 2019}}
 
=== Mesin ===
Mesin ini ditawarkan pada kendaraan Seri 900 selama bertahun-tahun:
{| class="wikitable collapsible sortable"
|+Mesin bensin
!Model
!Kode mesin
!Tahun
!Tenaga pada rpm
!Torsi pada rpm
!Kapasitas
!Konfigurasi mesin
|-
|940
|[[Volvo B200 engine|B200E]]
|1991
|{{convert|115|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 5700
|158 Nm pada 4800
|1986 cc
|[[Mesin 4 silinder segaris|I4]]
|-
|940GL/GLE
|[[Volvo B200 engine|B200F]]
|1991–1995
|{{convert|111|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 5700
|{{convert|158|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 2800
|{{convert|1986|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I4
|-
|
|[[Volvo B200 engine|B200G]]
|1992–1994
|{{convert|111|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 5700
|{{convert|155|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 2800
|1986 cc
|I4
|-
|
|[[Volvo B200 engine|B200GT]]
|1992–1998
|155&nbsp;hp (114&nbsp;kW) pada 5600
|{{convert|230|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 3600
|1986 cc
|I4
|-
|940 2.0 8V Turbo
|[[Volvo B200 engine|B200FT]]
|1991–1998
|{{convert|155|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 5600
|{{convert|230|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 3600
|{{convert|1986|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I4
|-
|940 2.0 16V
|[[Volvo B204 engine|B204E]]
|1991
|139&nbsp;hp (102&nbsp;kW) pada 6000
|{{convert|181|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 4800
|1986 cc
|I4
|-
|960 2.0 16V Turbo
|[[Volvo B204 engine|B204FT]]
|1991–1994
|{{convert|190|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 5300
|{{convert|280|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 2950
|{{convert|1986|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I4
|-
|740 2.0 16V Turbo
|[[Volvo B204 engine|B204GT]]
|1991–1994
|{{convert|200|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 5300
|{{convert|290|Nm|lb·ft|0|lk=|abbr=on}} pada 2950
|{{convert|1986|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I4
|-
|
|[[Volvo B230 engine|B230E]]
|1991
|131&nbsp;hp (96&nbsp;kW)
|190 Nm at 3300
|2,316 cc
|I4
|-
|940GLE
|[[Volvo B230 engine|B230F]]<ref name="93US940">{{cite web|date=1992|title=1993 Volvo 940 owner's manual|url=http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1993/1993_940/93940_9_1.html#9.5|website=new.volvocars.com|publisher=Volvo Car Corporation|language=en|access-date=2018-02-11|archive-date=2018-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619031408/http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1993/1993_940/93940_9_1.html#9.5|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|1991–1994
|{{convert|116|hp||abbr=on}} pada 5400
|{{convert|182|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 2500
|{{convert|2316|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I4
|-
|940GL/GLE
|[[Volvo B230 engine|B230FB]]
|1991–1995
|{{convert|131|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}}pada 5500
|{{convert|185|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 2950
|{{convert|2316|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I4
|-
|940 (emisi California)
|B230FD
|1993-1994
|116&nbsp;hp (85&nbsp;kW) pada 4900
|{{convert|182|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 2500
|2316 cc
|l4
|-
|940 Turbo/940SE (AS)/960 2.3 Turbo
|[[Volvo B230 engine|B230FT]]<ref name="93US940" />
|1991–1998
|{{convert|165|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 4800
|{{convert|264|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 3450
|{{convert|2316|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I4
|-
|940SE (Thailand)
940 Polar (LPT)
|[[Volvo B230 engine|B230FK]]
|1995–1998
|{{convert|135|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 4900
|{{convert|230|Nm|lb·ft|0|abbr=on}} pada 2300
|{{convert|2316|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I4
|-
|940
|[[Volvo B230 engine|B230G]]
|1992–1995
|{{convert|116|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 5500
|{{convert|185|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 2950
|2316 cc
|I4
|-
|940/960
|[[Volvo B230 engine|B230GT]]
|1991–1994
|{{convert|170|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 4800
|{{convert|265|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 3450
|2,316 cc
|I4
|-
|
|[[Volvo B230 engine|B230GK]]
|1995–1998
|{{convert|135|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 4900
|{{convert|230|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 2300
|2,316 cc
|I4
|-
|940GLT 2.3 16V
|[[Volvo B234 engine|B234F]]
|1991–1992
|{{convert|155|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 5600
|{{convert|204|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 4800
|{{convert|2316|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I4
|-
|
|[[Volvo B234 engine|B234G]]
|1991–1992
|{{convert|155|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 5600
|{{convert|204|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 4800
|2316 cc
|I4
|-
|960
|[[PRV engine|B280E]]<ref name="vparts">{{cite web|title=Volvo 960 Battery with mounting parts B280E, B280F|url=http://www.volvopartswebstore.com/showAssembly.aspx?ukey_assembly=243755&ukey_make=865&ukey_model=11969|publisher=Volvo Car Corporation}}</ref>
|1991–1992
|{{convert|154|PS|kW|abbr=on}} <small>versi Nordik</small>
170 PS (125kW)
 
<small>Versi Eropa</small>
 
pada 5400
|240 Nm
at 4500
|2849 cc
|[[Mesin V6|V6]]
|-
|960
|[[PRV engine|B280F]]<ref name="vparts" />
|1991–1992
|{{convert|147|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 5100
|{{convert|235|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 3750
|2849 cc
|V6
|-
|S90 (Pasar Asia)
|B6244F
|1995-
|{{convert|163|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 5800
|{{convert|220|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 4400
|
|
|-
|960 2.5 24V
|[[Volvo Modular engine|B6254FS]]<ref name="1995MYpresskit">{{cite web|date=July 1995|title=Volvo 960 Press Kit|url=https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/press/pdf/presskits/960PressKitJuly1995.pdf|publisher=Volvo Car UK Ltd.|language=en|access-date=2018-05-27}}</ref>
|1994–1997
|{{convert|170|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 5700
|{{convert|230|Nm|lb·ft|0|abbr=on}} pada 4400
|{{convert|2473|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I6
|-
|
|[[Volvo Modular engine|B6254GS]]
|1996
|n/a
|n/a
|n/a
|I6
|-
|960
|B6304G
|1996-
|{{convert|204|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 6000
|{{convert|267|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 4300
|2922 cc
|l6
|-
|960
|[[Volvo Modular engine|B6304S]]
|1992–1997
|{{convert|204|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 6000
|{{convert|267|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 4300
|2922 cc
|I6
|-
|S90/V90 3.0 24V
|[[Volvo Modular engine|B6304S]]2
|1997-1998
|{{convert|180|PS|kW|0|abbr=on|}} pada 5200
|{{convert|274|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 4100
|{{convert|2922|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I6
|-
|960/S90/V90 3.0 24V
|[[Volvo Modular engine#B6304S|B6304F]]<ref name="1992MYpresskit">{{cite web|title=Press kit|url=https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/press/pdf/presskits/1992MY-PressKit.pdf|website=www.volvoclub.org.uk}}</ref>[[Volvo Modular engine#B6304S|B6304FS]]<ref name="1995MYpresskit" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Technical Info|url=http://780coupe.com/technical-info/}}</ref>
|1991–1997
|{{convert|204|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 6000
|{{convert|267|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 4300
|{{convert|2922|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I6
|-
|
|[[Volvo Modular engine#B6304S|B6304FS2]]
|1997–1998
|180hp (132kW) at 5200
|{{convert|267|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 4000
|2,922 cc (1783.3
|I6
|}
{| class="wikitable collapsible sortable"
|+Mesin diesel
!Model
!Kode mesin
!Tahun
!Tenaga pada rpm
!Torsi pada rpm
!Displacement
!Konfigurasi mesin
|-
|940 (Diesel)
|[[Volkswagen D24 engine|D24]]<ref name="900diesels">{{cite web|title=Tech data|url=https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/tech/data/700-900DataSheet91_94-Sec2c.pdf|website=www.volvoclub.org.uk}}</ref>
|1992–1993
|{{convert|82|PS|kW|abbr=on}} pada 4700
|{{convert|145|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 2000
|{{convert|2383|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I6
|-
|940 (Turbodiesel)
|[[D24T]]<ref name="900diesels" />
|1991–1993
|{{convert|112|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} pada 4800
{{convert|109|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} <small>with EGR</small>
|{{convert|205|Nm|lb·ft|abbr=on}} pada 2500
{{convert|190|Nm|lb·ft|0|abbr=on}} pada 2400 dengan EGR
|{{convert|2383|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I6
|-
|940/960 (Turbodiesel w/ Intercooler)
|[[D24TIC]]<ref name="900diesels" /><ref name="vtsource">{{cite web|title=Volvo 940 960 buyers guide|url=http://www.volvotips.com/index.php/940-960/volvo-940-960-buyers-guide/|language=en}}</ref>
|1991–1996
|{{convert|116|-|122|PS|abbr=on|kW|0}} pada 4800
|{{convert|225|-|240|Nm|abbr=on|lb·ft|0}} pada 2400-2500
|{{convert|2383|cc|in3|1|abbr=on}}
|I6
|}
 
* [[Volvo B200 engine|B200E]]: 2.0&nbsp;L mesin 4 silinder segaris, naturally aspirated, [[Robert Bosch GmbH|Bosch]] [[K-Jetronic]] {{convert|115|PS|kW|abbr=on}}
* [[Volvo B200 engine|B200F]]: 2.0&nbsp;L mesin 4 silinder segaris, naturally aspirated, Bosch [[LH-Jetronic]] {{convert|111|PS|kW|abbr=on}}
* [[Volvo B200 engine|B200K]]: 2.0&nbsp;L mesin 4 silinder segaris, naturally aspirated, pengapian [[Renix]], 200K memiliki kepala standar tidak seperti 230K
* [[Volvo B200 engine|B200ET]]: 2.0&nbsp;L mesin 4 silinder segaris, turbocharged, Bosch [[Motronic]] engine management (155&nbsp;PS)<ref name="Lindh">{{Cite book|author=Björn-Eric Lindh|year=1986|title=Volvo: The Cars – From the 20s to the 80s|location=Malmö, Sweden|publisher=Förlagshuset Norden|isbn=91-86442-14-7|edition=2nd English|page=214}}</ref>
* [[Volvo B200 engine|B200FT]]: 2.0&nbsp;L mesin 4 silinder segaris, turbocharged, Bosch LH-Jetronic {{convert|156|PS|kW|abbr=on}}
* [[Volvo B204 engine|B204E]]: 2.0&nbsp;L 16-valve, [[DOHC]], mesin 4 silinder segaris, naturally aspirated
* [[Volvo B204 engine|B204F]]: 2.0&nbsp;L 16-valve, DOHC, mesin 4 silinder segaris, naturally aspirated dan Katalis
* [[Volvo B204 engine|B204FT]]: 2.0&nbsp;L 16-valve, DOHC, mesin 4 silinder segaris, turbocharged
* [[Volvo B204 engine|B204GT]]: 2.0&nbsp;L 16-valve, DOHC, mesin 4 silinder segaris, turbocharged
* [[Volvo B230 engine|B230E]]: 2.3&nbsp;L mesin 4 silinder segaris, naturally aspirated, Bosch K-Jetronic [[pembakaran injeksi]]
* [[Volvo B230 engine|B230F]]: 2.3&nbsp;L mesin 4 silinder segaris, naturally aspirated, 114&nbsp;hp
* [[Volvo B230 engine|B230K]]: 2.3&nbsp;L mesin 4 silinder segaris, naturally aspirated, Renix ignition, [[Heron cylinder head|''Heron'' head]] (introduced for the '85 model year)
* [[Volvo B230 engine|B230ET]]: 2.3&nbsp;L mesin 4 silinder segaris, turbocharged, Bosch Motronic (introduced in the '85 model year)
* [[Volvo B230 engine|B230FK]]: 2.3&nbsp;L mesin 4 silinder segaris, turbocharged, Low Pressure Turbo ('95— ), 135&nbsp;hp
* [[Volvo B230 engine|B230FT]]: 2.3&nbsp;L mesin 4 silinder segaris, [[Turbo|turbocharged]], 165&nbsp;hp
* [[Volvo B234 engine|B234F]]: 2.3&nbsp;L 16-valve, DOHC, mesin 4 silinder segaris, naturally aspirated, 155&nbsp;hp
* [[Volvo B230 engine|B230FB]]: 2.3&nbsp;L mesin 4 silinder segaris, naturally aspirated
* [[PRV engine|B280E]]: 2.8&nbsp;L [[mesin V6|V6]], naturally aspirated, Bosch LH-Jetronic 2.2, {{convert|154|PS|kW|abbr=on}} Nordik atau {{convert|168|hp|abbr=on}} versi Eropa [[V6#Odd and even firing|even fire crankshaft]]
* [[PRV engine|B280F]]: 2.8&nbsp;L V6, naturally aspirated, Bosch LH-Jetronic {{convert|147|hp|abbr=on}}, bahkan crankshaft api
* [[Volkswagen D24 engine|D24]]: 2.4&nbsp;L [[mesin 6 silinder segaris]] [[Diesel engine|diesel]], {{convert|82|hp|abbr=on}}, naturally aspirated (Volkswagen)
* [[D24T]]: 2.4&nbsp;L mesin 6 silinder segaris, [[turbo]] [[mesin diesel|diesel]], {{convert|109|hp|abbr=on}}, variant of the [[Volkswagen LT|LT35]] engine manufactured by [[Volkswagen]]
* [[D24TIC]]: 2.4&nbsp;L mesin 6 silinder segaris, turbodiesel, intercooled, {{convert|122|hp|abbr=on}}, varian pada mesin LT35 dimanufakturkan dari Volkswagen
* [[Volvo Modular engine#B6254FS|B6244/B6254]]: 2.4/2.5&nbsp;L 24-valve mesin 6 silinder segaris, naturally aspirated
* [[Volvo Modular engine#B6304S|B6304]]: 2.9&nbsp;L 24-valve mesin 6 silinder segaris, naturally aspirated
 
<ref>{{cite news|author1=Jim White|author2=Gavin Green|date=10 June 1995|title=Road Test: Volvo 940|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/motoring/road-test-volvo-940-1585774.html|language=en|publisher=Independent|access-date=2018-02-11}}</ref>
 
=== Transmisi ===
Volvo menawarkan berbagai transmisi tergantung kombinasi tahun/model/mesin termasuk:
 
* M46 [[transmisi manual]] (4-percepatan + [[Laycock de Normanville]] [[Overdrive (transmission)|overdrive]])
* M47 transmisi manual (5-percepatan)
* [[Volvo M90|M90]] transmisi manual (5-percepatan)
* [[Toyota A transmission#A340E (30-40LE)|AW30-40]] [[transmisi otomatis]] kontrol elektronik (4-percepatan, konverter torsi penguncian)
* [[Toyota A transmission#A42D|AW70]]/[[Toyota A transmission#A42DL|AW70L]] transmisi otomatis (3-percepatan + overdrive, konverter torsi penguncian pada beberapa model)
* [[Toyota A transmission#A43D|AW71]] transmisi otomatis (3-percepatan + overdrive)
* [[Toyota A transmission#A44DL|AW72L]] transmisi otomatis (4-percepatan, konverter torsi penguncian)
* [[ZF 4HP22 transmission|ZF 4HP22]] transmisi otomatis (4-percepatan, konverter torsi penguncian)