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Baris 7: \| birth_name = Artúr Kösztler \| birth_date = 5 September 1905 \| birth_place = [[Budapest]], [[Austria-~~Hongaria~~Hungaria]] \| death_date = 1 Maret 1983 (usia 77) \| death_place = [[London]], Inggris \| occupation = Novelis, esayis, wartawan \| nationality = ~~Hongaria~~Hungaria, Inggris \| citizenship = Warga negara Inggris [[naturaliasi]] \| period = 1934–1983 Baris 26: \| portaldisp = }} '''Arthur Koestler''', {{post-nominals\|CBE}} ({{IPAc-en\|UK\|ˈ\|k\|ɜ\|s\|t\|l\|ər}}, {{IPAc-en\|US\|ˈ\|k\|ɛ\|s\|t\|-}}; {{IPA-de\|ˈkœstlɐ\|lang}}; {{lang-hu\|Kösztler Artúr}}; {{lahirmati\|\|5\|9\|1905\|\|1\|3\|1983}}) adalah seorang penulis dan wartawan ~~Hongaria~~Hungaria-Inggris. Koestler lahir di Budapest dan belajar di Austria. Pada 1931, Koestler masuk [[Partai Komunis Jerman]] sampai ia mundur pada 1938, karena tak menyenangi [[Stalinisme]]. Pada 1940, ia menerbitka novel ''[[Darkness at Noon]]'', sebuah karya anti-[[totalitarian]] yang memberikannya ketenaran mancanegara. Sepanjang 43 tahun berikutnya, dari kediamannya di Inggris, Koestler mengamati banyak peristiwa politik, dan penulis novel, memoir, biografi dan sejumlah esai. Pada 1968, ia dianugerahi [[Penghargaan Sonning]] "atas jasa ~~menonjol[nya]~~menonjolnya terhadap budaya Eropa". Pada 1972, ia diangkat menjadi [[Order of the British Empire\|Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] (CBE). Pada 1976, ia didiagnosa terserang [[Penyakit Parkinson]]. Pada 1979, ia terserang [[~~leukimia~~leukemia]].<ref>A. & C. Koestler (ACK) ''[[Stranger on the Square]]'', London: Hutchinson 1984, {{ISBN\|978-0-09-154330-3}}, p. 10.</ref> Pada 1983, ia dan istrinya melakukan [[bunuh diri]] di rumah mereka di London. == Karya == * ''Spanish Testament'' (1937) * ''Darkness at Noon'' (1940) * ''Arrival and Departure'' (1943) * ''The God That Failed.''<ref name=":02">{{Cite book\|last=Kurnia\|first=Anton\|date=2019\|title=Ensiklopedia Sastra Dunia\|location=Yogyakarta\|publisher=Diva Press\|isbn=978-602-391-662-7\|pages=45\|url-status=live}}</ref> == Referensi == Baris 50 ⟶ 57: * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090810172849/http://www.bobolinkbooks.com/BALLAST/AK.html Remembering Arthur Koestler] * [http://www.veoh.com/videos/v16957388TD4mYmTb?rank=1&jsonParams=%7B%22numResults%22%3A20%2C%22rlmin%22%3A0%2C%22query%22%3A%22arthur+koestler%22%2C%22rlmax%22%3Anull%2C%22veohOnly%22%3Atrue%2C%22order%22%3A%22default%22%2C%22range%22%3A%22a%22%2C%22sId%22%3A%22350463963247838621%22%7D&searchId=350463963247838621&rank=2 Autobiographical Video-Interview with Arthur Koestler in French with German sub-titles and comments] * [http://city-journal.org/html/17_2_oh_to_be.html 2007 ''City Journal'' article on Koestler] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070509150607/http://www.city-journal.org/html/17_2_oh_to_be.html \|date=2007-05-09 }} * [http://www.draken.com/ahellas/koestler.html Arthur Koestler Project] * {{cite journal\| url=http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/2976/the-art-of-fiction-no-80-arthur-koestler\| title=Arthur Koestler, The Art of Fiction No. 80\| author=[[Duncan Fallowell]]\| date=Summer 1984\| work=[[The Paris Review]] }} Baris 57 ⟶ 64: * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927200549/http://www.forteantimes.com/features/profiles/118/arthur_koestler.html Koestler's Legacy] – ''[[Fortean Times]]'' article on the centenary of Koestler's birth * [http://www.koestler-parapsychology.psy.ed.ac.uk/ Koestler Parapsychology Unit] – Koestler and his third spouse left a large sum of money for research into parapsychology: this funded, among other things, the Koestler Parapsychology Unit at [[Edinburgh University]] * [http://www.bodysoulandspirit.net/mystical_experiences/read/notables/koestler.shtml Mystical Experiences of Arthur Koestler] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507090910/http://www.bodysoulandspirit.net/mystical_experiences/read/notables/koestler.shtml \|date=2016-05-07 }} * {{Books and Writers \|id=koestler \|name=Arthur Koestler}} * [http://www.koestlertrust.org.uk/ The Koestler Trust] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160516011750/https://www.koestlertrust.org.uk/ \|date=2016-05-16 }} * [[q:Arthur Koestler\|Arthur Koestler]] at [[Wikiquote]] * [http://www.c-span.org/video/?290990-1/qa-michael-scammell C-SPAN ''Q&A'' interview with Scammell about ''Koestler: The Literary and Political Odyssey of a Twentieth-Century Skeptic'', 10 January 2010] {{Penerima Penghargaan Sonning}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Koestler, Arthur}} [[Kategori:Lamarckisme]]