Ariane 5: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{Infobox rocket
[[image:1Ariane5LaunchArianespace.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Ariane 5 lifts off from Kourou]]
|name = Ariane 5
|image = Ariane 5ES with ATV 4 on its way to ELA-3.jpg
|caption = Ariane 5 ES yang mengangkut [[ATV-4]] didalamnya sedang menuju landasan peluncuran roket pada Juni 2013.
 
|function = Roket Kelas Berat
'''Ariane 5''' adalah sebuah [[sistim peluncuran sekali pakai]] (''expendable launch system'') dirancang untuk mengantarkan [[satelit]] ke [[orbit transfer geostationary]] dan untuk mengirim muatan ke [[orbit bumi rendah]].
|manufacturer = [[Airbus Defence and Space]]<br/>Untuk [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
|country-origin = <!-- start collapsible list of ESA member states in attribute "country of origin" -->
{{Collapsible list
|titlestyle = background-color: #f9f9f9; text-align: left; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3em;
|liststyle = padding: 6px 0; background-color: none; text-align: left;
|framestyle = line-height: 2.0em; border: none; padding: 0;
|title = 20 ESA member states:
|[[Austria]]
|[[Belgium]]
|[[Czech Republic]]
|[[Denmark]]
|[[Finland]]
|[[France]]
|[[Germany]]
|[[Greece]]
|[[Ireland]]
|[[Italy]]
|[[Luxembourg]]
|[[Netherlands]]
|[[Norway]]
|[[Poland]]
|[[Portugal]]
|[[Romania]]
|[[Spain]]
|[[Sweden]]
|[[Switzerland]]
|[[United Kingdom]]
}}
 
| cpl = €139–185 million <ref name=capabilities>{{cite web|title=Arianespace aims high in Asia-Pacific|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/arianespace-aims-high-in-asia-pacific-425928/
Ariane 5 diproduksi di bawah otoritas ''[[European Space Agency]]'' (ESA) dengan ''[[EADS SPACE Transportation]]'' sebagai kontraktor utama, memimpin sebuah konsorsium sub-kontraktor. Roket ini dioperasikan dan dipasarkan oleh ''[[Arianespace]]'' sebagai bagian dari program [[Ariane]]. EADS SPACE Transportation membangun roket-roket di Eropa dan [[Arianespace]] meluncurkan mereka dari sebuah pelabuhan angkasa di [[Kourou]] di [[Guyana Prancis]].
|publisher=Flightglobal|access-date=1 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602105116/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/arianespace-aims-high-in-asia-pacific-425928/|archive-date=2 June 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
|height = {{cvt|46|-|52|m}}
Ariane 5 menggantikan [[Ariane 4]], tetapi bukan merupakan turunannya secara langsung. Pengembangannya menghabiskan waktu 10 tahun dan biaya [[Euro|€]]7 milyar. ESA awalnya merancang Ariane 5 untuk meluncurkan shuttle mini berawak [[Hermes (shuttle)|Hermes]]. Setelah ESA membatalkan Hermes, roket ini menjadi sebuah peluncur komersial.
|diameter = {{cvt|5.4|m}}
|mass = {{cvt|777000|kg}}
|stages = 2
 
|capacities =
Dua satelit dapat dimasukkan dengan menggunakan sebuah ''Sylda carrier''. Tiga satelit utama juga dapat dimuat tergantung ukuran. Dapat membawa hingga delapan muatan sekunder, biasanya paket eksperimen kecil atau mini-satelit, dapat dibawa dengan sebuah platform ASAP (''Ariane Structure for Auxiliary Payloads'').
{{Infobox rocket/payload
|location = [[Low Earth orbit]]
|altitude = {{cvt|260|km}} (circular)
|inclination = 51.6°
|kilos = '''G:''' {{cvt|16000|kg}}<br/>'''ES:''' over {{cvt|20000|kg}}<ref name=ESAA5ES/>
}}
{{Infobox rocket/payload
|location = [[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]]
|kilos = {{plainlist|
* '''G:''' {{cvt|6950|kg}}
* '''G+:''' {{cvt|6950|kg}}
* '''GS:''' {{cvt|6100|kg}}
* '''ECA:''' {{cvt|10865|kg}}<ref name=final-10>{{cite web|url=http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Arianespace_begins_building_final_10_Ariane_5s_ahead_of_Ariane_6_operational_debut_999.html|title=Arianespace begins building final 10 Ariane 5s ahead of Ariane 6 operational debut|website=Space Daily|access-date=10 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190201014945/http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Arianespace_begins_building_final_10_Ariane_5s_ahead_of_Ariane_6_operational_debut_999.html|archive-date=1 February 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}
}}
| family = [[Ariane (rocket family)|Ariane]]
| comparable = {{plainlist|
* [[Atlas V|Atlas V 551]]
* [[Delta IV Heavy]]
* [[Falcon 9 Block 5]]
* [[H-IIB]]
* [[Long March 5]]
* [[Proton-M]]
}}
|status = {{plainlist|
* '''G:''' Retired
* '''G+:''' Retired
* '''GS:''' Retired
* '''ECA:''' Active
* '''ES:''' Retired
}}
|sites = [[Guiana Space Centre|Centre Spatial Guyanais]], [[ELA-3]]
|launches = 110 {{hlist| '''G:''' 16 | '''G+:''' 3 | '''GS:''' 6 }} {{hlist| '''ECA:''' 77 | '''ES:''' 8 }} <!-- UPDATE after each flight -->
|success = 105 {{hlist| '''G:''' 13 | '''G+:''' 3 | '''GS:''' 6 }} {{hlist| '''ECA:''' 76 | '''ES:''' 8 }}
|fail = 2 ('''G:''' 1, '''ECA:''' 1)
|partial = 3 ('''G:''' 2, '''ECA:''' 1)
|first = {{plainlist|
* '''G:''' 4 June 1996
* '''G+:''' 2 March 2004
* '''GS:''' 11 August 2005
* '''ECA:''' 11 December 2002
* '''ES:''' 9 March 2008
}}
|last = {{plainlist|
* '''G:''' 27 September 2003
* '''G+:''' 18 December 2004
* '''GS:''' 18 December 2009
* '''ECA:''' 30 July 2021
* '''ES:''' 25 July 2018
}}
|payloads = {{plainlist|
* [[XMM-Newton]]
* [[Envisat]]
* [[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta]]
* [[Automated Transfer Vehicle|ATV]]
* [[Herschel Space Observatory|Herschel]]
* [[Planck (spacecraft)|Planck]]
* [[Galileo (satellite navigation)|Galileo]]
}}
 
|stagedata =
== Pranala luar dan referensi ==
{{Infobox rocket/stage
*{{en}} [http://www.esa.int/export/SPECIALS/Launchers_Access_to_Space/ASEVLU0TCNC_0.html ESA description of the Ariane 5]
|type = booster
*{{en}} Catatan teknis Ariane 5 di http://www.arianespace.com
|diff = G, G+
*{{en}} [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4432446.stm BBC News report on the delayed launch of the Ariane 5 ECA flight on November 12, 2005.]
|stageno = zero
|name = EAP P238
|number = 2
|length = {{cvt|31.6|m}}
|diameter = {{cvt|3.06|m}}
|empty =
|gross = {{cvt|270|MT}}
|engines = P238
|thrust = {{cvt|6650|kN}}
|total = {{cvt|13300|kN}}
|SI = <!-- specific impulse of an individual booster, in secs, optional -->
|burntime = 130 seconds
|fuel = [[Ammonium perchlorate|AP]], [[Aluminium]], [[Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene|HTPB]]
}}
{{Infobox rocket/stage
|type = booster
|diff = GS, ECA, ES
|stageno = zero
|name = EAP P241
|number = 2
|length = {{cvt|31.6|m}}
|diameter = {{cvt|3.06|m}}
|empty = {{cvt|33|MT}}
|gross = {{cvt|273|MT}}
|engines = P241
|thrust = {{cvt|7080|kN}}
|total = {{cvt|14160|kN}}
|SI = <!-- specific impulse of an individual booster, in secs, optional -->
|burntime = 140 seconds
|fuel = [[Ammonium perchlorate|AP]], [[Aluminium]], [[Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene|HTPB]]
}}
 
{{Infobox rocket/stage
[[Kategori:Kendaraan peluncur luar angkasa]]
|type = stage
|diff = G, G+, GS
|stageno = Core
|name = EPC H158
|length = {{cvt|23.8|m}}
|diameter = {{cvt|5.4|m}}
|empty = {{cvt|12200|kg}}
|gross = {{cvt|170500|kg}}
|engines = G, G+: [[Vulcain (rocket engine)|Vulcain]] 1 <br/> GS: [[Vulcain (rocket engine)|Vulcain]] 1B
|thrust = {{cvt|1015|kN}} (vacuum)
|SI = 440 seconds (vacuum)
|burntime = 605 seconds
|fuel = [[LH2|LH<sub>2</sub>]] / [[LOX]]
}}
{{Infobox rocket/stage
|type = stage
|diff = ECA, ES
|stageno = Core
|name = EPC H173
|length = {{cvt|23.8|m}}
|diameter = {{cvt|5.4|m}}
|empty = {{cvt|14700|kg}}
|gross = {{cvt|184700|kg}}
|engines = [[Vulcain (rocket engine)|Vulcain]] 2
|thrust = {{cvt|960|kN}}<br/>(sea level)<br/>{{cvt|1390|kN}} (vacuum)
|SI = 310 seconds (sea level)<br/>432 seconds (vacuum)
|burntime = 540 seconds
|fuel = [[LH2|LH<sub>2</sub>]] / [[LOX]]
}}
 
{{Infobox rocket/stage
|type = stage
|diff = G
|stageno = detik
|name = EPS L9.7
|length = {{cvt|3.4|m}}
|diameter = {{cvt|5.4|m}}
|empty = {{cvt|1200|kg}}
|gross = {{cvt|10900|kg}}
|engines = [[Aestus]]
|thrust = {{cvt|27|kN}}
|SI = <!-- specific impulse of an individual stage, in secs, optional -->
|burntime = 1100 seconds
|fuel = [[Monomethylhydrazine|MMH]] / [[Nitrogen tetroxide|N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>]]
}}
{{Infobox rocket/stage
|type = stage
|diff = G+, GS, ES
|stageno = detik
|name = EPS L10
|length = {{cvt|3.4|m}}
|diameter = {{cvt|5.4|m}}
|empty = {{cvt|1200|kg}}
|gross = {{cvt|11200|kg}}
|engines = [[Aestus]]
|thrust = {{cvt|27|kN}}
|SI = <!-- specific impulse of an individual stage, in secs, optional -->
|burntime = 1170 seconds
|fuel = [[Monomethylhydrazine|MMH]] / [[Nitrogen tetroxide|N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>]]
}}
{{Infobox rocket/stage
|type = stage
|diff = ECA
|stageno = detik
|name = ESC-A
|length = {{cvt|4.711|m}}
|diameter = {{cvt|5.4|m}}
|empty = {{cvt|4540|kg}}
|gross = {{cvt|19440|kg}}
|engines = [[HM7B]]
|thrust = {{cvt|67|kN}}
|SI = 446 seconds
|burntime = 945 seconds
|fuel = [[LH2|LH<sub>2</sub>]] / [[LOX]]
}}
}}
'''Ariane 5''' adalah Roket kelas Berat dari keluarga roket Ariane untuk peluncuran ke orbit yang dikembangkan oleh Eropa dan di operasikan oleh [[Arianespace]] untuk [[European Space Agency|European Space Agency (ESA)]]. Roket ini diluncurkan dari Stasiun peluncuran Luar angkasa Centre Spatial Guyanais di [[Guyana Prancis|French Guiana]]. Roket ini sudah digunakan untuk meluncurkan satelit ke [[Orbit geostasioner|orbit geostationer]] (GTO) dan [[orbit rendah Bumi]] (LEO). Roket ini sudah memecahkan rekor jumlah peluncuran yang berhasil selama 82 kali berturut turut dari 9 April 2003 hingga 12 Desember 2012. Generasi selanjutnya dari [[Ariane (keluarga roket)|keluarga roket Ariane]], [[Ariane 6]], sedang dalam pengembangan untuk menggantikan Roket Ariane 5 nantinya.
 
Roket ini awalnya dirancang sebagai Roket sekali pakai oleh ''[[CNES|Centre national d'études spatiales]]'' (CNES), lembaga Antariksa Prancis, dengan bekerja sama dengan [[Jerman]] dan [[Daftar negara di Eropa|negara Eropa]] lainnya. Meskipun bukan secara langsung pengembangan roket ini Bukan untuk pengembangan Roket generasi selanjutnya dari Ariane, Namun dianggap sebagai penerus roket dari keluarga Ariane oleh [[Badan Antariksa Eropa|European Space Agency (ESA)]], badan antariksa asal [[Eropa]]. [[Airbus Defence and Space]] adalah kontraktor utama untuk perancangan roket ini,dan dipimpin oleh anggota ESA laiinya sebagai pemimpin dari kontrak pembuatan roket tersebut. ESA awalnya mendesain Ariane 5 untuk meluncurkan [[Hermes (wahana antariksa)|pesawat antariksa Hermes]], dan merancang untuk bisa tersertifikasi aman untuk membawa manusia ke [[luar angkasa]].
 
== Album ==
<center><gallery widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="3" caption="Ariane 5">
File:Ariane 5 (mock-up).jpg|Ariane 5 mock-up (full size) from [[Cité de l'espace]] in Toulouse.
File:Cut drawing of an Ariane 5 ECA EN.svg|Cut drawing of an Ariane 5 ECA.
File:Moteur-Vulcain.jpg|Moteur Vulcain de fusée Ariane V.
File:Ariane 5 (maquette).jpg|Ariane 5 (maquette).
File:Ariane 5 10 2007.ogv|The launch of the 34th Ariane rocket. Kourou, French Guiana. 5th October 2007.
File:Ariane 5 Liquid-Fly-Back Booster.jpg|Ariane 5 Liquid-Fly-Back Booster.
File:Ariane 501 Cluster.svg|Diagram of the Ariane 501 (V88) with the four Cluster satellites.
File:Ariane EPS 5 Oberstufe.JPG|Ariane EPS 5 Oberstufe, Technik Museum Speyer.
File:Ariane fuselage 2.jpg|Prototype H-155 core stage of an Ariane 5 rocket, at the Centre Spatial Guyanais.
File:Ariane fuselage.jpg|Prototype H-155 core stage of an Ariane 5 rocket, at the Centre Spatial Guyanais.
File:ILA 2008 PD 965.JPG|Ariane 5
File:ILA 2008 PD 966.JPG|Ariane 5
File:Maquette Ariane 5 - Cité de l'Espace.jpg|Model of the Ariane 5 launcher at the [[Cité de l'espace]] in Toulouse.
File:Oberhausen - Gasometer - Sternstunden 13 ies.jpg|Ariane 5
File:Oberhausen - Gasometer - Sternstunden 14 ies.jpg|Ariane 5
File:SNECMA Vulcain II.jpg|SNECMA Vulcain II.
File:Salon du Bourget 20090619 142.jpg|Ariane 5 rocket engine mock-up - Paris Air Show 2009.
File:Schema-lancement-Ariane-5.png|Diagram of a launch of Ariane 5 ECA
File:Salon du Bourget 20090619 141.jpg|Ariane 5 (left) and Ariane 1 (right) mock-up - Paris Air Show 2009
</gallery></center>
 
== Lihat pula ==
 
* [[Ariane 6]]
* [[Falcon 9]]
* [[Falcon Heavy]]
* [[SpaceX Starship]]
* [[Blue Moon (wahana antariksa)]]
* [[New Glenn]]
* [[New Shepard]]
 
== Pranala luar dan referensi ==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.arianespace.com/launch-services-ariane5/ariane-5-intro.asp Ariane 5 Overview] at Arianespace
* [http://www.astrium.eads.net/en/programme/ariane-5.html Ariane 5 Programme Information] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119142614/http://www.astrium.eads.net/en/programme/ariane-5.html |date=2012-01-19 }} at Astrium
* [http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Launchers/Launch_vehicles/Ariane_5_ECA http://www.esa.int/ Ariane 5 ECA]
* [http://www.dutchspace.nl/pages/products/content.asp?id=143&LangType=1033 http://www.dutchspace.nl/ Ariane 5 Launch]
* {{en}} [http://www.esa.int/export/SPECIALS/Launchers_Access_to_Space/ASEVLU0TCNC_0.html ESA description of the Ariane 5]
* {{en}} Catatan teknis Ariane 5 di http://www.arianespace.com
* {{en}} [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4432446.stm BBC News report on the delayed launch of the Ariane 5 ECA flight on November 12, 2005.]
{{Sistem peluncur orbital}}
 
[[Kategori:Kendaraan peluncur antariksa]]
[[cs:Ariane 5]]
[[Kategori:Badan Antariksa Eropa]]
[[de:Ariane 5]]
[[en:Ariane 5]]
[[fr:Ariane 5]]
[[it:Ariane 5]]
[[hu:Ariane-5]]
[[nl:Ariane V]]
[[fi:Ariane 5]]
[[sv:Ariane 5]]