Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler
 
(8 revisi perantara oleh 5 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 5:
Organisasi ini melakukan pertemuan tahunan yang menyertakan berbagai pemegang kepentingan (''stakeholder'') untuk bernegosiasi pada berbagai isu yang mempengaruhi industri minyak sawit.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rspo.org/en/chapter_iii_%E2%80%93_general_assembly_meetings |title=CHAPTER III – General Assembly meetings - Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil |accessdate=2013-08-07}}</ref>
__NOTOC__
== Respon ==
Pembentukan RPSORSPO berjalan dengan kritik dari berbagai sektor, terutama LSM lingkungan. Isu utama mencakup dampak perluasan [[perkebunan]] [[kelapa sawit]] terhadap populasi [[orang utan]], penghancuran hutan tropis untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit baru, dan pembakaran serta pengeringan lahan gambut. Anggota RSPO diizinkan untuk menebang habis hutan yang mampu menyebabkan tumbuhnya [[alang-alang]] (''Imperata cylindrica''),<ref>{{cite web |author=Murniati |title=From imperata cylindrica grasslands to productive agroforestry |year=2002 |publisher=Tropenbos International |url=http://www.tropenbos.org/publications/from+imperata+cylindrica+grasslands+to+productive+agroforestry |accessdate=2013-08-04}}</ref> sehingga hal ini memicu keraguan terhadap kelayakan dari RSPO.<ref>{{cite web |title=Environment - Bumitama Agri Ltd. |publisher=Bumitama Agri |date= |url=http://www.bumitama-agri.com/csr-programme/environment.html |accessdate=2013-08-04 |archive-date=2016-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161208152842/http://bumitama-agri.com/csr-programme/environment.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
 
Sikap LSM mengenai RSPO cenderung terbagi, ada yang mendukung dan ada yang tidak.
 
=== Friends of the Earth International ===
[[Friends of the Earth International|FOEI]] mengkritik keras RSPO.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.foei.org/en/media/archive/2009/certified-palm-oil-not-a-solution |title='CERTIFIED' PALM OIL NOT A SOLUTION — Friends of the Earth International |publisher=Foei.org |date=2009-11-03 |accessdate=2013-08-04 |archive-date=2013-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005162848/http://www.foei.org/en/media/archive/2009/certified-palm-oil-not-a-solution/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
 
<blockquote>
"Secara umum, perusahaan RSPO berada pada prinsip dan kriteria teknis, namuntetapi masalah lingkungan dan sosial dari budi daya kelapa sawit sebagian besar berada dalam proses politik palsu, pengelolaan yang rendah, dan permintaan pasar yang tidak berkelanjutan. RSPO adalah proses sertifikasi yang bersifat sukarela untuk keanggotaan yang bersifat premium dan secara total menyesatkan "lambang hijau" bagi industri kelapa sawit. Lebih lanjut RSPO memberikan sertifikasi tanpa secara jelas menunjuk kepada beberapa dari isu struktural mendasar yang memunculkan dampak negatif dari budi daya kelapa sawit. Sehingga FOEI tidaklah mengenal RSPO sebagai proses sertifikasi yang kredibel dan hanya sebagai alat yang secara teknis tidak dapat menyelesaikan dampak yang besar dari budidaya kelapa sawit terhadap hutan, lahan, dan masyarakat."<!--
 
Essentially, RSPO companies are subjected to technical principles and criteria, but social and environmental issues of oil palm cultivation are largely framed within flawed political processes, poor governance and unsustainable market demand. Understood within this context, the RSPO is a voluntary certification process for a market premium and membership that may be able to add a much sought after and totally misleading 'green tag' to the industry. Moreover, it provides certification without having to actually address some of the most very basic, structural issues that gave rise to the adverse impacts of oil palm cultivation. Friends of the Earth International therefore does not regard the RSPO as a credible certification process as it is only a limited tool of technicality which is not able to adequately address the horrendous impacts of oil palm cultivation on forests, land and communities.-->
</blockquote>
 
=== Greenpeace ===
[[Greenpeace]] memiliki posisi sebagai pendukung dan pengkritik RSPO. Berdasarkan ''press release'' di website [[Unilever]] pada Desember 2009,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://unilever.com/mediacentre/news/unileverandpalmoil.aspx |title=Unilever & palm oil &#124; News &#124; Unilever Global |publisher=Unilever.com |date=11 December 2009 |accessdate=2011-07-25 |archiveurl=httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20100102005249/http://unilever.com/mediacentre/news/unileverandpalmoil.aspx |archivedate=2010-01-02 |deadurl=yes }}</ref> Direktur Eksekutif Greenpeace John Sauven menyatakan:
 
<blockquote>
Baris 33:
"Usaha industri untuk membawa masalah [[deforestasi]] dalam kendali mereka datang melalui RSPO. Didirikan tahun 2004 untuk membawa standar ekologis dan etis yang jelas dalam produksi minyak sawit, dan anggotanya mencakup perusahaan papan atas seperti [[Unilever]], [[Cadbury's]], [[Nestlé]], dan [[Tesco]], juga penyalur minyak sawit seperti [[Cargill]] dan [[ADM]]. Bersama-sama semua perusahaan ini menyumbang 40 persen perdagangan minyak sawit global.
 
Namun sejak saat itu penghancuran hutan terus berlanjut. Banyak anggota RSPO yang tidak mengambil langkah apapun untuk menghindari praktekpraktik yang buruk terkait industri, seperti penebangan hutan secara besar-besaran dan pengambil alihan lahan milik masyarakat setempat tanpa persetujuan mereka. Di atas semua ini, RSPO sebenarnya menciptakan ilusi dari produksi minyak sawit berkelanjutan dan membenarkan ekspansi industri kelapa sawit."<!--
 
Industry efforts to bring this deforestation under control have come through the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). It was set up in 2004 to establish clear ethical and ecological standards for producing palm oil, and its members include high-street names like Unilever, Cadbury's, Nestlé and Tesco, as well as palm oil traders such as Cargill and ADM. Together, these companies represent 40 per cent of global palm oil trade.
Baris 40:
</blockquote>
 
Hasil investigasi yang dirilis pada tahun 2008 oleh Greenpeace<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.greenpeace.org/seasia/en/press/reports/how-unilever-palm-oil-supplier |title=How Unilever Palm Oil Suppliers are burning up Borneo |date=21 April 2008 |publisher=Greenpeace |archiveurl=httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20100310171738/http://www.greenpeace.org/seasia/en/press/reports/how-unilever-palm-oil-supplier |archivedate=2010-03-10 |deadurl=yes |access-date=2013-09-10 }}</ref> menemukan berbagai isu mengenai penyuplai utama minyak sawit untuk Unilever, di mana Unilever menerima laporan tersebut dan tidak akan menggunakan penyuplai itu.<ref>{{ cite web |title=Unilever takes stance against deforestation |publisher=Unilever |date=11 December 2009 |url=http://unilever.com/sustainability/reports/news/december2009unilevertakesstanceagainstdeforestation.aspx |archiveurl=httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20100102101612/http://unilever.com/sustainability/reports/news/december2009unilevertakesstanceagainstdeforestation.aspx |archivedate=2010-01-02 |deadurl=yes |access-date=2013-09-10 }}</ref> Unilever dan Greenpeace juga mengumumkan mereka akan membentuk lobi untuk moratorium [[deforestasi]] akibat minyak sawit.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sustainable Palm Oil |publisher=Unilever |url=http://unilever.com/sustainability/environment/agriculture/sustainablepalmoil/default.aspx |archiveurl=httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20100102050918/http://unilever.com/sustainability/environment/agriculture/sustainablepalmoil/default.aspx |archivedate=2010-01-02 |deadurl=yes |access-date=2013-09-10 }}</ref>
 
=== Rainforest Action Network ===
Sebuah blog yang diposkan oleh David Gilbert, seorang peneliti RAN,<ref>{{cite web |author=David Gilbert |url=http://understory.ran.org/2009/11/02/rspo-dispatch-oil-palm-is-not-development/ |title=RSPO Dispatch: Oil palm is not development » Rainforest Action Network Blog |publisher=Understory.ran.org |date= |accessdate=2013-08-04 |archive-date=2013-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004224930/http://understory.ran.org/2009/11/02/rspo-dispatch-oil-palm-is-not-development/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> menyatakan ketidak puasan terhadap RSPO
 
<blockquote>
Baris 55:
</blockquote>
 
=== World Wildlife Fund (WWF) ===
[[WWF]] pada tahun 2010 menyatakan:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.panda.org/what_we_do/footprint/agriculture/palm_oil/forest_conversion_palmoil/ |title=What is WWF doing about conversion of forests for palm oil? |publisher=World Wildlife Fund |date= |archiveurl=httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20100303133601/http://www.panda.org/what_we_do/footprint/agriculture/palm_oil/forest_conversion_palmoil/ |archivedate=2010-03-03 |deadurl=yes |access-date=2013-09-10 }}</ref>
 
<blockquote>
"Penebangan hutan untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit telah mengancam hutan terbesar di dunia, dan membahayakan spesies terancam seperti orang utan, dan membahayakan masyarakat yang hidup dari hutan. Namun dengan praktekpraktik manajemen yang lebih baik, industri minyak sawit dapat menyediakan manfaat tanpa mengancam kekayaan alam kita semua.<!--
 
Clearing for oil palm plantations threatens some of the world’s greatest forests, endangered species such as orangutans, and puts forest-dwelling people at risk. But with better management practices, the palm oil industry could provide benefits without threatening our some of our most breathtaking natural treasures...
Baris 73:
* [[Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil]]
 
== Referensi ==
{{reflist|30em}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
{{Commons category}}
 
* {{Official website|http://www.rspo.org/}}
* [http://www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/agricultural/oil-palm/ Palm Oil - Production, Consumption, Exports, and Imports Statistics by Country]
* [http://www.wetlands.org/WatchRead/tabid/56/mod/1570/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/2294/Default.aspx/ Are emission reductions from peatlands MRV-able?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100703233606/http://www.wetlands.org/WatchRead/tabid/56/mod/1570/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/2294/Default.aspx |date=2010-07-03 }}
* [http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/Knowledge/Publications/PubBasicSearch?page=1&q=oil%20palm/ The impacts and opportunities of oil palm in Southeast Asia: What do we know and what do we need to know? (2009).]
* [http://www.greenpeace.org.uk/forests/faq-palm-oil-forests-and-climate-change/ FAQ: Palm oil, forests and climate change.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130111155913/http://www.greenpeace.org.uk/forests/faq-palm-oil-forests-and-climate-change |date=2013-01-11 }}
* [http://visual.ly/what-roundtable-sustainable-palm-oil What is the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil? | Visual.ly]
 
[[Kategori:Organisasi pertanian]]