Reclaim Australia: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Reclaim Australia''' adalah kelompok protes nasionalis [[Politik kanan jauh|sayap kanan]] [[Australia]] yang terkait dengan [[kelompok kebencian]] nasionalis dan [[Neo-Nazisme|neo-Nazi]].<ref name="BessantFarthing2017">{{cite book|author1=Judith Bessant|author2=Rys Farthing|author3=Rob Watts|title=The Precarious Generation: A Political Economy of Young People|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lKvODgAAQBAJ&pg=PT180|year=2017|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-317-28917-3|page=180}}</ref><ref name="FarrarKrayem2016">{{cite book|author1=Salim Farrar|author2=Ghena Krayem|title=Accommodating Muslims Under Common Law: A Comparative Analysis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y62uDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA33|year=2016|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-96422-3|page=33}}</ref> Kelompok itu dibentuk pada 2015, mengadakan aksi unjuk rasa jalanan di kota-kota di seluruh Australia untuk memprotes [[Islam di Australia|Islam]]. Mereka telah melakukan memprotes di [[Sydney]], [[Melbourne]], [[Brisbane]], [[Adelaide]], [[Newcastle, New South Wales|Newcastle]] dan [[Canberra]]. Reclaim Australia juga digambarkan sebagai kumpulan kelompok yang kolektif.

Reclaim Australia terutama menentang praktik Islam di Australia dan dianggap [[Islamofobia]].<ref name="foo">{{cite news|title=ASIO monitoring of right-wing extremists uncovered alleged plan to attack radical left |url=http://www.theage.com.au/national/investigations/asio-monitoring-of-rightwing-extremists-uncovered-alleged-plan-to-attack-radical-left-20160813-gqrsgt.html|access-date=3 January 2017|publisher=[[the Age]]|date=13 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Reclaiming Australia: Liberalism's Role in Islamophobia|url=https://theconversation.com/reclaiming-australia-liberalisms-role-in-islamophobia-44662|access-date=3 January 2017|publisher=[[The Conversation|ABC News]]|date=17 July 2015}}</ref><ref name="car">{{cite news|title=Reclaim Australia Rally drowns out Counter Protesters|url=http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/reclaim-australia-rally-drowns-out-counter-protesters-20160206-gmnezn.html|access-date=3 Jan 2017|publisher=[[The Canberra Times]]|date=6 February 2016}}</ref><ref name="bar">{{cite news|title=Truck driver who abused cyclist identified as neo-Nazi connected to United Patriots Front|url=http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/truck-driver-who-abused-cyclist-identifed-as-neonazi-connected-to-united-patriots-front-20160830-gr4h9f.html|access-date=3 January 2017|publisher=[[The Age]]|date=31 August 2016}}</ref> Kelompok ini telah menarik keterlibatan neo-Nazi dalam mempromosikan dan menghadiri demonstrasi Reclaim Australia.<ref name="foo" /><ref name="bar" /> Pembicara di unjuk rasa Reclaim Australia telah diketahui mengekspresikan pandangan [[Ekstremisme|ekstremis]], dengan salah satu pembicara di Australia Selatan memperingatkan risiko "kebiadaban Islam" dan mendorong mereka yang hadir untuk "menghina dan menjelekkan Islam lima kali sehari jika Anda mau".<ref name="car" />

Pada bulan April dan Juli 2015 Reclaim Australia mengorganisir aksi unjuk rasa di beberapa kota di Australia.<ref name=ABC>{{cite news|title=Reclaim Australia clashes with opposing groups at rallies around the country over extremism and tolerance|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-04-04/reclaim-australia-extremism-rallies-face-tolerance-groups/6370672|access-date=19 July 2015|publisher=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|date=5 April 2015}}</ref><ref name="Age">{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/reclaim-australia-no-room-for-racism-rally-in-melbourne-20150718-gif6oa.html|title=Reclaim Australia, No Room for Racism rally in Melbourne|date=18 July 2015|work=[[The Age]]|last2=Gough|first2=Deborah|last1=Vedelago|first1=Chris|access-date=19 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Five arrested as Reclaim Australia and anti-racism protesters face off in Sydney|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2015/jul/19/reclaim-australia-rally-sydney-police-high-alert|access-date=19 July 2015|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=19 July 2015}}</ref> Pembicara pada unjuk rasa ini termasuk [[Danny Nalliah]], [[Pauline Hanson]], dan [[George Christensen]].<ref name=ABC /><ref name=Age /><ref>{{cite news|last1=Christensen|first1=George|author-link=George Christensen (politician)|title=Hell will freeze over before I pull out of Reclaim Australia rally|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jul/17/hell-will-freeze-over-before-i-pull-out-of-reclaim-australias-rally|access-date=19 July 2015|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=17 July 2015}}</ref> Reclaim Australia mengatakan bahwa aksi unjuk rasa adalah "tanggapan publik terhadap ekstremisme Islam dan protes terhadap kelompok minoritas yang ingin mengubah identitas budaya Australia".<ref name=ABC /> Sejumlah pengunjuk rasa dari kedua sisi unjuk rasa ditangkap karena perilaku kekerasan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-07-18/no-room-for-racism-and-reclaim-australia-protesters-clash/6630358|title='Ugly scenes' as anti-racism protesters clash with rivals|website=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] |date=18 July 2015|access-date=16 September 2016}}</ref>

Pada Januari 2017, unjuk rasa di Sydney hanya dihadiri oleh puluhan dari sekitar 400 orang yang telah mendaftar untuk hadir.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/the-antimuslim-rally-by-farright-group-reclaim-australia-was-a-fizzer-with-more-police-and-media-turning-up-than-protesters/news-story/ed41b1d49adeaa7451a8781568c2e867 |title=The anti-Muslim rally by far-right group Reclaim Australia was a fizzer, with more police and media turning up than protesters |last=Sutton |first=Candace |date=29 January 2017 |website=Herald Sun |publisher=[[News Corp Australia]] |access-date=28 February 2017}}</ref> Reclaim Australia telah memainkan sejumlah lagu Australia populer di rapat umum tersebut. Beberapa penulis lagu telah meminta agar lagu-lagu mereka tidak dimainkan pada aksi unjuk rasa ini, antara lain: [[Jimmy Barnes]] (''Khe Sanh''), [[John Farnham]] (''You're the Voice''), [[John Schumann]] (''I Was Only 19''), [[John Williamson]] (''True Blue''), [[Shane Howard]] (''Solid Rock''), dan [[Midnight Oil]] (Memori''Short PendekMemory'').<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hatch|first1=Patrick|title=Anti-Islam group agrees to stop playing Jimmy Barnes songs at Reclaim rallies|url=http://www.theage.com.au/entertainment/music/antiislam-group-agrees-to-stop-playing-jimmy-barnes-songs-at-reclaim-rallies-20150722-gihpb3.html|access-date=22 July 2015|work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|date=22 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Galvin |first=Nick |date=27 July 2015 |title=John Williamson on Reclaim Australia's use of True Blue: 'How about a rally for love' |url=http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/john-williamson-on-reclaim-australias-use-of-true-blue-how-about-a-rally-for-love-20150727-gil0sr.html |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |access-date=29 July 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Zuel|first1=Bernard|title=John Farnham 'disgusted' by Reclaim Australia's use of You're The Voice|url=http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/john-farnham-disgusted-by-reclaim-australias-use-of-youre-the-voice-20150722-gii2ba.html|access-date=22 July 2015|work=[[The Age]]|date=22 July 2015}}</ref><ref name="Adams July 2015">{{cite news |last=Adams |first=Cameron |date=24 July 2015 |title=Midnight Oil and Goanna blast Reclaim Australia, telling them to stop playing their songs |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/music/midnight-oil-and-goanna-blast-reclaim-australia-telling-them-to-stop-playing-their-songs/story-e6frfn09-1227455623150 |publisher=news.com.au |access-date=29 July 2015 |archive-date=2015-09-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150901050351/http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/music/midnight-oil-and-goanna-blast-reclaim-australia-telling-them-to-stop-playing-their-songs/story-e6frfn09-1227455623150 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> [[Lee Kernaghan]] mengatakan lagunya "''Spirit of the Anzacs''" harus dimainkan di acara-acara publik hanya jika ini adalah untuk mengenang tentara yang gugur.<ref name="Adams July 2015"/>

Demonstrasi jalanan yang diadakan oleh Reclaim Australia telah menghadapi kontra-protes dari [[hak asasi manusia]] dan aktivis [[Antirasisme|anti-rasisme]], anarkis, anggota serikat buruh,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Oldham|first1=Sam|title=Reclaim Australia Pins Working Class People Against Each Other. The Only Winners Are Conservative Elites|url=https://newmatilda.com/2015/11/24/reclaim-australia-pins-working-class-people-against-each-other-the-only-winners-are-conservative-elites/|access-date=21 December 2015|agency=Online|issue=Daily|publisher=[[New Matilda]]|date=24 November 2015}}</ref> dan anggota [[Aliansi Sosialis]].<ref name="McKenzie-Murray2015" />

Badan keamanan dalam negeri Australia, [[Australian Security Intelligence Organisation|Organisasi Intelijen Keamanan Australia]], mengatakan bahwa kelompok tersebut telah dipantaudiamati dan staf telah ditugaskan untuk memantaunya karena potensi kekerasan lebih lanjut.<ref>{{cite news|last=Lewis|first=Duncan|title=Reclaim Australia in Asio's sights, intelligence chief tells senators|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2016/oct/19/reclaim-australia-in-asios-sights-intelligence-chief-tells-senators|access-date=19 October 2016|work=The Guardian Australia|date=19 October 2016}}</ref>

Pendiri grup ini adalah Wanda Marsh, John Oliver, dan Liz Shepherd. Shepherd mengatakan bahwa dia tidak pernah aktif secara politik, tetapi [[Krisis sandera Sydney 2014|pengepungan tahun 2014 di Kafe Lindt]] merupakan titik balik baginya.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Dye|first1=Josh|title=Founders of 'anti-Islamic' group Reclaim Australia make first television appearance on Channel Seven's Sunday Night|url=http://www.theage.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/founders-of-antiislamic-group-reclaim-australia-make-first-television-appearance-on-channel-sevens-sunday-night-20151019-gkc5vk.html|access-date=19 October 2015|work=[[The Age]]|date=19 October 2015}}</ref>

Setelah mengamati banyak unjuk rasa Reclaim Australia dan mewawancarai para peserta, penulis [[John Safran]] menggambarkannya sebagai kelompok lepas dari berbagai kelompok seperti [[United Patriots Front]] dan Catch the Fire Ministries karya Danny Nalliah.<ref>{{cite book |last=Safran |first=John |date=2017 |title=[[Depends What You Mean By Extremist]]: Going Rogue with Australian Deplorables |publisher=Penguin Random House Australia |pages=2–4 |isbn=9781926428772 }}</ref> UPF juga digambarkan sebagai kelompok sempalan dari Reclaim Australia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bordermail.com.au/story/3361311/hostility-to-hit-albury/|title=Hostility to hit Albury|first=Tahlia|last=McPherson|date=20 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="McKenzie-Murray2015">{{cite news |last=McKenzie-Murray |first=Martin |date=25 July 2015 |title=Inside the strange dynamic of Reclaim Australia's rallies | url=https://www.thesaturdaypaper.com.au/news/law-crime/2015/07/25/inside-the-strange-dynamic-reclaim-australias-rallies/14377464002169 |newspaper=The Saturday Paper|access-date=31 July 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Violent clashes between United Patriots Front and anti-racism protesters at Richmond Town Hall|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-05-31/reclaim-australia-group-rally-broken-up-by-police/6510194|access-date=19 July 2015|publisher=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|date=31 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| title=Reclaim Australia: 'concerned mums and dads' or a Trojan horse for extremists?| url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2015/jul/24/reclaim-australia-concerned-mums-and-dads-or-a-trojan-horse-for-extremists| access-date= 9 November 2015| work=The Guardian| date=24 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last= Hall|first= Bianca| title= Street fights and 'internet vigilantes': Inside Australia's anti-Islam movement| url= http://www.smh.com.au/national/street-fights-and-internet-vigilantes-inside-australias-antiislam-movement-20151014-gk914v.html| access-date= 9 November 2015| work=The Sydney Morning Herald| date=17 October 2015}}</ref> Anggotanya telah mengambil bagian dalam unjuk rasa Reclaim Australia,<ref>{{cite news |last=Safran |first=John |author-link=John Safran |date=22 July 2015 |title=John Safran reports from the Reclaim Australia rally, where things were even scarier than he expected |url=http://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/real-life/john-safran-reports-from-the-reclaim-australia-rally-where-things-were-even-scarier-than-he-expected/story-fnu2q5nu-1227451292484 |publisher=news.com.au |location=Melbourne |access-date=29 July 2015 |archive-date=2015-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151113192925/http://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/real-life/john-safran-reports-from-the-reclaim-australia-rally-where-things-were-even-scarier-than-he-expected/story-fnu2q5nu-1227451292484 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> dan pada Juli 2015 polisi menyita senjata api terdaftar dari pemilik senjata berlisensi sebelum dia melakukan perjalanan dengan bus bersama anggota UPF ke unjuk rasa di Melbourne.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Lavoipierre|first1=Angela|title=Gun seized from Reclaim Australia-bound protester prompts safety concerns amongst police|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-07-24/gun-seized-ahead-of-reclaim-australia-rally/6644638|access-date=2 August 2015|publisher=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|date=24 July 2015}}</ref> Pada bulan yang sama, penyelenggara rapat umum Brisbane mengatakan kepada massa bahwa mereka telah berpisah dari Reclaim Australia untuk bergabung dengan kelompok yang secara eksplisit anti-Islam.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Robertson|first1=Joshua|last2=Hurst|first2=Daniel|title=George Christensen welcomes Reclaim Australia split, rejecting 'anti-Muslim' element |url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2015/jul/19/reclaim-australia-brisbane-rally-organisers-announce-split-from-group|access-date=14 March 2016|work=The Guardian Australia|date=19 July 2015}}</ref>