Ledakan Beirut 2020: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox event
|title=Ledakan Beirut 2020
Baris 5 ⟶ 4:
| caption = Menunjukkan silo biji-bijian yang hancur di sebelah kiri dan banjir [[kawah ledakan]] di sebelah kanan setelah peristiwa ledakan
| map =
| date = [[4 Agustus]] [[2020]]
| duration =
| time =~18:08 [[Waktu Musim Panas Eropa Timur|waktu setempat]] (22:08:18 [[Waktu Indonesia Barat|WIB]])<br>(Ledakan kedua)
Baris 11 ⟶ 10:
| place =[[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]]
| coordinates ={{coord|33|54|10.62|N|35|31|4.04|E}}
| type =Ledakan [[
| cause =Kebakaran
| deaths =
| injuries =lebih dari 6.000 orang
| reported missing =lebih dari 110 orang
Baris 42 ⟶ 41:
}}
Pada sore hari tanggal [[4 Agustus]] [[2020]] pukul 18.08 waktu setempat, dua ledakan terjadi di [[Pelabuhan Beirut|pelabuhan]] kota [[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Massive explosion shakes Lebanese capital, buildings near Beirut port reportedly damaged|url=https://www.haaretz.com/middle-east-news/massive-explosion-shakes-lebanese-capital-buildings-near-beirut-port-damaged-1.9046138|accessdate=4 Agustus 2020|date=4 Agustus 2020|last1=Khoury|first1=Jack|last2=Landou|first2=Noa|website=Haaretz|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805065959/https://www.haaretz.com/middle-east-news/massive-explosion-shakes-lebanese-capital-buildings-near-beirut-port-damaged-1.9046138|archive-date=5 Agustus 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="guardian-count">{{Cite news|title=Lebanon: at least 78 killed as huge explosion rocks Beirut|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/aug/04/huge-explosion-beirut-lebanon-shatters-windows-rocks-buildings|last=Chulov|first=Martin|date=4 Agustus 2020|access-date=4 Agustus 2020|work=[[The Guardian]]|last2=Safi|first2=Michael|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804160549/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/aug/04/huge-explosion-beirut-lebanon-shatters-windows-rocks-buildings|archive-date=4 Agustus 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news|title=Powerful Explosion in Beirut Kills at Least 78, Injures Thousands: Live Updates|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/04/world/middleeast/beirut-explosion-blast.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=2020-08-04|access-date=2020-08-04|issn=0362-4331|language=en-US|first=Ben|last=Hubbard|first2=Maria|last2=Abi-Habib}}</ref> Ledakan yang sangat kuat terjadi pada ledakan kedua, yang mengakibatkan sekitar
Ledakan tersebut terkait dengan bahan [[amonium nitrat]] sebesar {{convert|2,750|t|ST|abbr=off|sigfig=3}}, yang setara dengan 1.155 [[Setara dengan TNT|ton TNT]] (4.830 gigajoule) – yang telah disita oleh pemerintah dari kapal {{MV|Rhosus}} yang terbengkalai dan disimpan di pelabuhan tanpa tindakan pengamanan yang tepat selama enam tahun terakhir. Ledakan tersebut terdeteksi oleh Badan [[Survei Geologi Amerika Serikat]] (USGS) sebagai peristiwa seismik mirip gempa berkekuatan 3,3 [[Magnitudo]].<ref>{{cite web|date=6 Agustus 2020|title=Ledakan di Lebanon Setara Gempa 3,3 Magnitudo|url=https://kumparan.com/kumparannews/ledakan-di-lebanon-setara-gempa-3-3-magnitudo-1twQSLrkhTW|work=Kumparan|access-date=7 Agustus 2020}}</ref> Ledakan tersebut dianggap sebagai salah satu ledakan non-nuklir terkuat dalam sejarah, setelah [[Ledakan Halifax]] pada tahun 1917 yang berkekuatan 2,9 kt TNT.<ref>{{
Pemerintah Lebanon mengumumkan [[keadaan darurat]] selama dua minggu. Setelah ledakan terjadi, aksi unjuk rasa meletus di seluruh Lebanon menentang pemerintah Lebanon karena kegagalan mereka untuk menanggulangi bencana ledakan, bergabung dengan [[Unjuk rasa Lebanon 2019–2020|rangkaian aksi protes yang lebih besar]] yang telah berlangsung di negara itu sejak 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Najjar|first=Ted Regencia, Arwa Ibrahim, Farah|title=Second day of protests as anger over Beirut explosion grows: Live|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/08/hundreds-protesters-injured-anger-simmers-beirut-live-200808234355971.html|access-date=10 Agustus 2020|work=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Hubbard|first=Ben|last2=El-Naggar|first2=Mona|date=8 August 2020|title=Clashes Erupt in Beirut at Blast Protest as Lebanon’s Anger Boils Over|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/08/world/middleeast/Beirut-explosion-protests-lebanon.html|access-date=10 Agustus 2020|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=CNN|first=Ben Wedeman, Luna Safwan, Ghazi Balkiz and Tamara Qiblawi|title=Lebanon protesters storm ministries as violent protests grip Beirut|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/08/middleeast/beirut-judgment-day-protests-intl/index.html|access-date=10 Agustus 2020|work=CNN}}</ref> Pada 10 Agustus 2020, kabinet Lebanon mengundurkan diri, kemudian diikuti oleh Perdana Menteri Lebanon [[Hassan Diab]] karena tekanan politik yang meningkat yang diperburuk oleh ledakan tersebut.<ref>{{Cite
==Latar belakang==
[[
Ekonomi Lebanon tengah dilanda krisis saat kejadian ini terjadi, di mana pemerintah gagal membayar utang negara, jatuhnya mata uang [[Pound Lebanon|Pound]] dan 50% warganya berada di bawah garis kemiskinan.<ref name="CNN Indonesia">{{
Pelabuhan Beirut merupakan pintu masuk maritim utama ke negara itu, di mana 3,000 kapal berlabuh setiap tahunnya.<ref name=grzeszczak>{{cite web |last1=Grzeszczak |first1=Jocelyn |title=What is the Port of Beirut? Everything We Know About the Site Following Deadly Explosion |url=https://www.newsweek.com/what-port-beirut-everything-we-know-about-site-following-deadly-explosion-1522830 |website=Newsweek |accessdate=5 Agustus 2020 |date=4 Agustus 2020}}</ref> Pelabuhan milik pemerintah ini memiliki 16 dermaga, 12 bengkel dan sebuah lumbung gandum.<ref name=grzeszczak /> Pangkalan AL Lebanon juga berada dekat pelabuhan ini.
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Setelah ledakan, setidaknya sekitar 178<!--Sumber laporan tersebut mengatakan lebih dari 200 korban tewas termasuk korban yang masih hilang, lihat [[Talk:2020 Beirut explosions#source for death toll]]--> orang terkonfirmasi meninggal dengan sekitar 30 orang lainnya masih hilang,<ref name:''Geldi''>{{Cite news|last=Geldi|first=Mahmut|date=14 Agustus 2020|title=Death toll in blast-hit Beirut rises to 177|work=[[Anadolu Agency]]|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/death-toll-in-blast-hit-beirut-rises-to-177/1941328|url-status=live|access-date=14 Agustus 2020|quote=Total korban tewas dari Ledakan Beirut minggu lalu naik menjadi 177, dikutip dari Menteri Kesehatan Lebanon, Hassan Hamad, kemarin. Tercatat sekitar 30 orang masih hilang, Hamad mengatakan kepada stasiun TV lokal bahwa total korban tewas bisa mencapai lebih dari 200.}}</ref><ref name:''Sterling''>{{Cite web|last=Sterling|first=Toby|date=18 Agustus 2020|title=Scarred Lebanon braces for Hariri killing verdict|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-lebanon-tribunal-hariri-idUSKCN25E007|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=18 Agustus 2020|website=[[Reuters]]|quote=Kasus ini menewaskan 178 orang dan memicu timbulnya tuntutan pertanggungjawaban.}}</ref> dan lebih dari 6,000 orang terluka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2020/08/08/Beirut-explosion-death-toll-rises-to-158-over-6-000-injured-Health-ministry.html|title=Beirut explosion death toll rises to 158, over 6,000 injured: Health ministry|date=8 Agustus 2020|website=Al Arabiya English}}</ref><ref name="jazeera.live.2020.08.06">{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/08/lebanon-orders-house-arrest-officials-beirut-blast-live-200805230752876.html|title=LIVE: France's Macron says Lebanon aid won't go to the 'corrupt'|first=Ted Regencia, Arwa Ibrahim, Ramy|last=Allahoum|website=[[Al Jazeera]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=As U.N. Warns of Catastrophe, Lebanon’s Leaders Debate Cause of Blast |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/07/world/europe/lebanon-catastrophe-explosion-external-interference.html |accessdate=7 Agustus 2020 |agency=The New York Times}}</ref><ref name="guardian.live.2020.08.04">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/aug/04/beirut-explosion-huge-blast-port-lebanon-capital|title=Beirut explosion: dead and wounded among 'hundreds of casualties', says Lebanon Red Cross – live updates|first1=Oliver|last1=Holmes|first2=Peter|last2=Beaumont|first3=Michael|last3=Safi|first4=Martin|last4=Chulov|date=4 Agustus 2020|website=The Guardian|accessdate=4 Agustus 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804201541/https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/aug/04/beirut-explosion-huge-blast-port-lebanon-capital|archive-date=4 Agustus 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Ribuan warga negara asing dari sekitar 22 negara juga menjadi korban.{{Efn|Di antara korban yang tewas, terdapat 43 WN Suriah,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-lebanon-security-blast-syria/at-least-43-syrians-among-people-killed-in-beirut-blast-al-mayadeen-idUSKCN2540H4 |title=At least 43 Syrians among people killed in Beirut blast: Al Mayadeen|date=8 Agustus 2020 |website=Reuters|accessdate=8 Agustus 2020}}</ref> 13 WN Armenia,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.am/eng/news/595776.html|title=Number of Armenians killed in Beirut explosion climbs to 13|website=news.am|accessdate=10 Agustus 2020}}</ref> 5 WN Bangladesh,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newagebd.net/article/113055/missing-bangladeshi-worker-found-dead-in-beirut-hospital|title=Missing Bangladeshi worker found dead in Beirut hospital |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=9 Agustus 2020 |website=[[New Age (Bangladesh)]]|accessdate=9 Agustus 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/4-bangladeshis-killed-in-beirut-blast-embassy|title=4 Bangladeshis killed in Beirut blast: Embassy|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=6 Agustus 2020 |website=[[Prothom Alo]] |accessdate=6 Agustus 2020}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite web |title=Beirut blast: 4 Bangladeshis killed, 21 Bangladesh Navy crew injured |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/military-affairs/2020/08/05/bangladesh-navy-crew-injured-in-beirut-blast|website=[[Dhaka Tribune]] |accessdate=6 Agustus 2020 |archive-date=5 Agustus 2020 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200805114327/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/military-affairs/2020/08/05/bangladesh-navy-crew-injured-in-beirut-blast|url-status=live}}</ref> 4 WN Filipina,<ref name="Yah">{{cite web |url=https://ph.news.yahoo.com/filipinos-killed-beirut-blast-rises-030359705.html |title=Filipinos killed in Beirut blast rises to 4 while 31 injured|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=6 Agustus 2020|website=[[Yahoo! News]]|access-date=6 Agustus 2020|archive-date=6 Agustus 2020 }}</ref> 3 WN Mesir,<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/376016/Egypt/Politics-/UPDATED-Three-Egyptians-killed-in-Beirut-explosion.aspx |title=Three Egyptians killed in Beirut explosion: Ministry|website=Egypttoday|date=5 Agustus 2020|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/376194/Egypt/Politics-/Egypt-repatriates-bodies-of-three-nationals-killed.aspx|title=Egypt repatriates bodies of three nationals killed in Beirut blast – Politics – Egypt|website=Ahram Online}}</ref> dua WN Palestina,<ref>[http://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/118800 Two Palestinian refugees succumb to wounds sustained in Beirut explosion]</ref> dua WN Belgia,<ref>{{Cite web|date=5 Agustus 2020 |title=Second Belgian death confirmed in Beirut explosion|url=https://www.brusselstimes.com/all-news/belgium-all-news/125068/second-belgian-death-confirmed-in-beirut-explosion/|access-date=5 Agustus 2020|website=The Brussels Times|language=en}}</ref> seorang WN Jerman,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thelocal.de/20200806/german-diplomat-killed-in-beruit-blast|title=German diplomat killed in Beirut blast |website=thelocal.de|date=6 Agustus 2020 }}</ref> seorang WN Ethiopia,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/08/07/africa/beirut-domestic-workers-ethiopia-intl/index.html |title=They were laid off and far from home. Now an explosion in Beirut has left them even more vulnerable |website=CNN |date=7 Agustus 2020}}</ref> seorang WN Perancis,<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/08/06/world/middleeast/06reuters-lebanon-security-france-casualties.html|title=One French Death, 24 Injured After Beirut Blast|date=6 Agustus 2020|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> seorang WN Italia,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.repubblica.it/esteri/2020/08/06/news/esplosione_beirut_farnesina_morta_italiana-263938249/|title=Esplosione Beirut, Farnesina: morta una cittadina italiana|date=6 Agustus 2020|website=la Repubblica}}</ref> seorang WN Australia,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.afr.com/politics/federal/one-australian-killed-in-beirut-blast-20200805-p55ini|url-access=subscription |title=One Australian killed, embassy damaged in Beirut blast |last=Tillett |first=Andrew|date=5 Agustus 2020|website=Australian Financial Review}}</ref> seorang WN Pakistan,<ref name="pakistanchild">{{Cite news |url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/649746/1-pakistani-child-died-4-in-critical-condition-in-beirut-blast/|title=1 Pakistani child died 4 in critical condition in Beirut blast |date=5 Agustus 2020 |access-date=5 Agustus 2020 |website=Daily Times |language=en}}</ref> seorang WN Amerika Serikat,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/search-rescue-continues-beirut-wakes-effects-devastating-explosion/story?id=72185153 |title=1 American among 135 dead in massive Beirut explosion, officials say |access-date=6 Agustus 2020 |archive-date=6 Agustus 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806080051/https://abcnews.go.com/International/search-rescue-continues-beirut-wakes-effects-devastating-explosion/story?id=72185153 |url-status=live}}</ref> seorang WN Yunani,<ref name="greek death">{{Cite news |url=https://www.news247.gr/kosmos/ekrixeis-sti-viryto-plirofories-gia-2-ellines-traymaties.7691872.html |title=Εκρήξεις στη Βηρυτό: Μια Ελληνίδα πολίτης νεκρή και δύο τραυματίες |website=news247.gr |date=5 Agustus 2020 |access-date=5 Agustus 2020 |language=el }}</ref> dan seorang WN Belanda.<ref name="hedwig.nos">{{cite news|url=https://nos.nl/artikel/2343307-echtgenote-van-nederlandse-ambassadeur-beiroet-overleden-als-gevolg-van-explosie.html|title=Echtgenote van Nederlandse ambassadeur in Beiroet overleden als gevolg van explosie|work=[[Nederlandse Omroep Stichting]]|accessdate=8 Agustus 2020|lang=Dutch}}</ref> Di antara korban terluka, terdapat 42 WN Filipina,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://manilastandard.net/index.php/mobile/article/330894|title=11 more Filipinos injured in Beirut blast|accessdate=10 Agustus 2020}}</ref> 24 WN Perancis,<ref name="auto2"/> 15 WN Sri Lanka,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailynews.lk/2020/08/10/local/225472/fifteen-sri-lankans-injured-beirut-blast|title=Fifteen Sri Lankans injured in Beirut blast|date=10 Agustus 2020|website=Dailynews.lk}}</ref> ten Italian,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/articoli/beirut-fonti-farnesina-morta-italiana-esplosione-94f24049-b4fa-47e1-b35e-a9837ff1dd07.html |title=Beirut, fonti Farnesina: morta italiana nell'esplosione |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=6 Agustus 2020 |website=Rai News24 |language=it |access-date=7 Agustus 2020}}</ref> 9 WN Ethiopia,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://borkena.com/2020/08/05/ethiopians-among-victims-in-the-explosion-in-the-lebanese-capital-beirut/|title=Ethiopians among victims in the explosion in the Lebanese capital Beirut|website=borkena.com|date=6 Agustus 2020}}</ref> 7 WN Yordania,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.albawaba.com/news/seven-jordanians-wounded-beirut-blast-foreign-ministry-1372849|title=Seven Jordanians Wounded in Beirut Blast – Foreign Ministry|website=Al Bawaba}}</ref> 6 WN Turki,<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2020/dunya/son-dakika-beyruttaki-patlamada-6-turk-vatandasi-yaralandi-5970666/ |title=Beyrut'taki patlamada 6 Türk vatandaşı yaralandı |website=[[Sözcü]] |language=tr |date=5 Agustus 2020}}</ref> 5 WN Belanda,{{efn|Lima orang yang terluka berasal dari kedutaan Belanda. Istri duta besar Belanda, Hedwig Waltmans-Molier, terluka parah dan kemudian meninggal karena luka-lukanya.{{r|dutch.embassy.nytimes}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nltimes.nl/2020/08/05/dutch-ambassadors-wife-seriously-hurt-beirut-explosion-dutch-royals-send-heartfelt|title=Dutch ambassador's wife seriously hurt in Beirut explosion; Dutch Royals send "heartfelt sympathy"|date=5 Agustus 2020|website=NL Times}}</ref>}} 5 WN Yunani,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://neoskosmos.com/en/172088/greece-sends-aid-to-beirut-as-injuries-of-greek-nationals-come-to-light/|title=Greece sends aid to Beirut as injuries of Greek nationals come to light|date=5 Agustus 2020|website=NEOS KOSMOS}}</ref> 5 WN India,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2020/aug/06/lebanon-blast-five-indians-suffered-minor-injuries-says-mea-2180081.html|title=Lebanon blast: Five Indians suffered minor injuries, says MEA|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> 5 WN Sudan,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/five-sudanese-injured-in-beirut-blast|title=Five Sudanese injured in Beirut blast|website=Radio Dabanga}}</ref> 4 WN Belgia,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/world/middle-east/2-belgian-embassy-employees-suffer-injuries-in-beirut-explosion20200805054410/ |title=2 Belgian embassy employees suffer injuries in Beirut explosion |website=aninews.in|date=5 Agustus 2020 }}</ref> 4 WN Pakistan,<ref name="pakistanchild"/> 3 WN Kenya,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mwakilishi.com/article/diaspora-news/2020-08-06/beirut-explosion-kenyans-in-lebanon-recount-harrowing-experience|title=Beirut Explosion: Kenyans in Lebanon Recount Harrowing Experience|website=Mwakilishi.com}}</ref> dua WN Aljazair,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aps.dz/en/algeria/35252-beirut-blast-two-algerians-slightly-injured|title=Beirut blast: Two Algerians slightly injured|first=Samira|last=Sidhoum|website=[[Algeria Press Service]]}}</ref> seorang WN Nigeria,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2020/08/06/beirut-explosion-missing-nigerian-woman-found-in-hospital-port-worker-found-at-sea/|title=Beirut explosion: Missing Nigerian woman Ayobami found in hospital|date=6 Agustus 2020|website=P.M. News}}</ref> seorang WN Tiongkok,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1196742.shtml|title=One Chinese injured in deadly Beirut explosion: embassy – Global Times|website=[[Global Times]]}}</ref> seorang [[Warga Negara Indonesia|WNI]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/08/05/ministry-says-one-indonesian-injured-in-lebanon-blasts.html|title=Ministry says one Indonesian injured in Lebanon blasts|author=Moch. Fiqih Prawira Adjie|website=The Jakarta Post|date=5 Agustus 2020}}</ref> seorang WN Kazakhstan,{{efn|Konsulat [[Kazakhstan]] terluka di kantornya.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://astanatimes.com/2020/08/kazakh-citizens-stay-safe-after-beirut-blast-embassy-to-be-restored-says-kazakh-fm/ |title=Kazakh Citizens Stay Safe After Beirut Blast, Embassy to Be Restored, Says Kazakh FM |author=Aidana Yergaliyeva |date=5 Agustus 2020 |work=Astana Times |accessdate=5 Agustus 2020}}</ref>}} seorang WN Vietnam,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vietnamtimes.org.vn/beirut-explosion-one-vietnamese-citizen-injured-23113.html|title=Beirut explosion: One Vietnamese citizen injured|first=Hannah|last=Nguyen|date=5 Agustus 2020|website=Vietnam Times}}</ref> dan seorang WN Maroko.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2020/08/314133/moroccan-woman-among-injured-in-beirut-explosion/|website=Morocco World News|title=Moroccan Woman Among Injured in Beirut Explosion |date=5 Agustus 2020|access-date=5 Agustus 2020|language=en }}</ref> Selain itu, setidaknya 108 warga negara Bangladesh terluka dalam peristiwa tersebut, menjadikannya sebagai komunitas asing yang paling banyak terkena dampak.<ref name="pakistanchild" /> Juga, beberapa [[Pasukan pemelihara perdamaian|pasukan perdamaian PBB angkatan laut]] yang merupakan anggota dari [[Pasukan Sementara Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa di Lebanon]] (UNIFIL) terluka dikarenakan ledakan tersebut.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="auto">{{Cite web|date=4 Agustus 2020|title=Lebanon: UN 'actively assisting' in response to huge explosions at Beirut port|url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/08/1069542|access-date=5 Agustus 2020|website=UN News|language=en|archive-date=5 Agustus 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200805120513/https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/08/1069542|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="OE-Beirut">{{cite web |url=https://www.offshore-energy.biz/horrific-explosion-rocks-beirut-port/ |title=Horrific explosion rocks Beirut port |publisher=Offshore Energy|accessdate=5 Agustus 2020 |archive-date=6 Agustus 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806010555/https://www.offshore-energy.biz/horrific-explosion-rocks-beirut-port/ |url-status=live|name=|group=}}</ref>}}
Nazar Najarian, sekretaris jenderal [[Partai Kataeb]], meninggal dunia setelah menderita luka yang parah di kepala.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/lebanon-beirut-explosion-live-updates-dle-intl/index.html|title=Live updates: Lebanese capital rocked by huge explosion|date=4 Agustus 2020|access-date=4 Agustus 2020|work=CNN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804220841/https://www.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/lebanon-beirut-explosion-live-updates-dle-intl/index.html|archive-date=4 Agustus 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Arsitek berkebangsaan Perancis, [[Jean-Marc Bonfils]], meninggal dunia setelah menderita luka serius saat berada di apartemennya yang berada di East Village. Pada saat itu, ia melakukan siaran langsung di [[Facebook]] saat terjadi kebakaran di gudang yang menjadi episentrum ledakan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nouvelobs.com/monde/20200806.OBS31910/l-architecte-francais-jean-marc-bonfils-est-decede-lors-des-explosions-a-beyrouth.html|title=L’architecte français Jean-Marc Bonfils est décédé lors des explosions à Beyrouth|website=L'Obs}}</ref><ref name="saudi24news">{{Cite web|url=https://www.saudi24news.com/2020/08/jean-marc-bonfils-killed-by-the-love-of-beirut-2.html|title=Jean-Marc Bonfils ... killed by the love of Beirut|date=7 Agustus 2020|access-date=2020-08-13|archive-date=2021-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204073624/https://www.saudi24news.com/2020/08/jean-marc-bonfils-killed-by-the-love-of-beirut-2.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
== Kerusakan ==
[[
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Baris 102 ⟶ 101:
[[Pusat Medis Universitas Rumah Sakit Saint George|Rumah Sakit Santi George]], salah satu fasilitas medis terbesar di Beirut, yang berjarak kurang dari {{convert|1|km|mi|frac=8|abbr=off}} dari lokasi ledakan, rusak parah sehingga para staf terpaksa merawat pasien di jalan. Empat perawat meninggal karena ledakan awal, lima belas pasien meninggal setelah [[alat bantu pernapasan|ventilator]] mereka berhenti bekerja, dan beberapa pasien kanker anak terluka akibat kaca yang beterbangan.<ref>{{cite news |title=Beirut after the blast: the crunch of glass, acrid smoke and stairs slick with blood |url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2020/08/05/beirut-after-the-blast-the-crunch-of-glass-acrid-smoke-and-stairs-slick-with-blood |accessdate=7 August 2020 |agency=The Economist |date=5 August 2020}}</ref><ref name="Hubbard">{{cite news|last1=Hubbard|first1=Ben|last2=Abi-Habib|first2=Maria|date=5 Agustus 2020|title=Deadly Explosions Shatter Beirut, Lebanon|work=New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/04/world/middleeast/beirut-explosion-blast.html|url-status=live|accessdate=5 Agustus 2020|archive-date=5 Agustus 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805001146/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/04/world/middleeast/beirut-explosion-blast.html}}</ref><ref name="BBC-53659282">{{cite web |title=Rescue workers search rubble after deadly Beirut blast |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-53659282 |accessdate=5 Agustus 2020 |date=5 Agustus 2020 |archive-date=5 Agustus 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805050156/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-53659282 |url-status=live }}</ref> Dalam beberapa jam, setelah membebaskan semua pasiennya dan di antaranya dirujuk ke rumah sakit lain, kemudian RS tersebut ditutup.<ref name="Ramzy">{{cite news |last1=Ramzy |first1=Austin |title=What We Know and Don't Know About the Beirut Explosions |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/05/world/middleeast/beirut-explosion-what-happened.html |accessdate=5 Agustus 2020 |work=The New York Times |date=5 Augustus 2020}}</ref> Direktur perawatan intensif rumah sakit, Dr. Joseph Haddad, dikutip dari [[The New York Times|NYT]], mengatakan: "Tidak ada Rumah Sakit St. George lagi. Itu jatuh, di lantai{{nbsp}} ... Semuanya hancur. Semuanya."<ref name="Hubbard" />
Markas [[FIBA Asia]] juga mengalami rusak berat.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ramos |first1=Gerry |title=SBP sends sympathy as FIBA Asia headquarters damaged in Lebanon blast |url=https://www.spin.ph/basketball/fiba/sbp-sends-sympathy-as-fiba-asia-headquarters-damaged-in-lebanon-blast-a793-20200806?ref=home_feed_6 |accessdate=7 Agustus 2020 |work=Sports Interactive Network Philippines |date=6 Agustus 2020}}</ref> Kantor [[Daftar perwakilan diplomatik di Lebanon|kedutaan besar]] yang berada di dalam dan di sekitar Beirut telah melaporkan berbagai tingkat kerusakan pada bangunan mereka. Mulai dari kedubes Argentina,<ref>{{Cite web|date=5 August 2020|title=La embajada argentina sufrió graves daños, pero sin heridos.|url=https://www.telam.com.ar/notas/202008/498363-libano-embajada-argentina-beirut.html|access-date=5 Agustus 2020|website=[[Télam]]|language=es}}</ref> Australia,<ref name="shelton">{{cite web |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-08-05/australian-embassy-damaged-in-beirut-blast/12525330 |title=Beirut explosion leaves Australian embassy 'considerably' damaged, one Australian dead |last=Shelton |first=Tracey |date=5 Agustus 2020|website=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] |access-date=5 Agustus 2020 |language=en}}</ref> Finlandia,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://newsnowfinland.fi/finland-international/report-finnish-embassy-in-beirut-destroyed-by-blast |title=Report: Finnish Embassy in Beirut 'destroyed' by blast |author= |date=4 Agustus 2020 |website=News Now Finland |access-date=4 Agustus 2020 |archive-date=2020-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805091650/https://newsnowfinland.fi/finland-international/report-finnish-embassy-in-beirut-destroyed-by-blast |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Siprus,{{r|AJE 05-08}} dan Belanda,<ref name="dutch.embassy.nytimes">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/08/05/world/middleeast/05reuters-lebanon-security-blast-netherlands.html|title=Wife of Dutch Ambassador Seriously Injured in Beirut Blast: Ministry|date=5 Agustus 2020|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> yang berada dekat dengan lokasi ledakan, melaporkan mengalami kerusakan berat. Sementara kerusakan kecil dilaporkan oleh kedubes Korea Selatan,<ref>{{Cite web|date=5 Agustus 2020|title=No S. Koreans Reported Killed or Injured in Beirut Explosions|url=http://world.kbs.co.kr/service/news_view.htm?lang=e&Seq_Code=155355|access-date=5 Agustus 2020|website=KBS World RADIO|language=en}}</ref> Hungaria,<ref>{{cite web |title=Hungary Embassy Damaged in Beirut Blast, No Hungarian Casualties Reported |url=https://hungarytoday.hu/hungary-embassy-beirut-blast-no-hungarian-casualties/ |website=Hungary Today |accessdate=6 Agustus 2020}}</ref> Kazakhstan,<ref name="russokazakhembassies">{{Cite news |website=BBC News Русская служба |publisher=BBC News|title=Мощный взрыв в Бейруте: масштабные разрушения, десятки погибших и тысячи пострадавших |url=https://www.bbc.com/russian/news-53656494 |language=ru |accessdate=4 Agustus 2020 |date=4 Agustus 2020 }}</ref> Rusia,<ref name="russokazakhembassies" /> Bulgaria,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://focus-news.net/news/2020/08/04/2795563/schupeni-sa-prozortsi-na-posolstvoto-ni-v-beyrut-sled-vzriv-v-rayona-nyama-danni-za-postradali-balgarski-grazhdani.html|title=Счупени са прозорци на посолството ни в Бейрут след взрив в района, няма данни за пострадали български граждани|website=Информационна Агенция "Фокус"}}</ref> Romania,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.romania-insider.com/beirut-explosion-ro-embassy-aug-2020|url-access=subscription |title=Beirut explosion: Romanian embassy HQ slightly damaged |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=5 Agustus 2020 |website=Romania Insider |accessdate=5 Agustus 2020}}</ref> dan Turki.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/beyrut-taki-patlamalarda-2-turk-vatandasi-yaralandi/1931621 |title=Beyrut'taki patlamalarda 2 Türk vatandaşı yaralandı |agency=[[Anadolu Agency]] |language=Turkish |date=4 Agustus 2020 |accessdate=5 Agustus 2020}}</ref>
===Pengapalan===
Baris 113 ⟶ 112:
Kapal pembawa [[ternak]] {{MV|Jouri|1999|2}} berada sangat dekat dengan episentrum ledakan.<ref name="Fleetmon30513">{{cite web |url=https://www.fleetmon.com/maritime-news/2020/30513/beirut-port-explosion-close-proximity-witness-vide/|title=Beirut port explosion mystery solved? UPDATES: 3 ships disappeared. VIDEO|first=Mikhail |last=Voychenko |publisher=Fleetmon|date=4 Agustus 2020|accessdate=5 Agustus 2020|archive-date=6 Agustus 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806012100/https://www.fleetmon.com/maritime-news/2020/30513/beirut-port-explosion-close-proximity-witness-vide/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Kapal barang|Kapal kargo]] {{MV|Mero Star|1983|2}} rusak parah. Kapal kargo {{MV|Raouf H|1985|2}} adalah yang paling dekat dari lokasi.<ref name="OE-Beirut" /> [[Sistem Identifikasi Otomatis|AIS]] dari kapal ini berhenti mengudara pada saat ledakan.<ref name="Fleetmon30513"/> [[Kapal peti kemas]] {{MV|CMA CGM Lyra||2}} berada {{cvt|1.5|km|mi|abbr=|sp=us}} dari lokasi ledakan, namun tidak rusak.<ref name=OE-CMACGM>{{cite web|url=https://www.offshore-energy.biz/cma-cgm-says-one-worker-missing-several-injured-following-beirut-blast/ |title=CMA CGM says one worker missing, several injured following Beirut blast |first=Jasmina |last=Ovcina |publisher=Offshore Energy |accessdate=6 Agustus 2020}}</ref> Dua kapal besar [[kapal pengangkut ternak|pengangkut ternak]] yang ditinggalkan, ''Abou Karim{{nbsp}}I'' dan ''Abou Karim{{nbsp}}III'', rusak berat atau hancur saat ledakan. Mereka sedang ditambatkan di ujung Berth 09, sangat dekat dengan Gudang 12 yang mana merupakan episentrum ledakan. Dalam sebuah foto paska kejadian, salah satu kapal, ''Abou Karim{{nbsp}}I'', tidak stabil dan terjungkal ke kapal lain, ''Abou Karim{{nbsp}}III''. Tidak lama setelah itu, ''Abou Karim{{nbsp}}I'' terbalik.<ref>https://twitter.com/CalumRaasay/status/1292422997505179653 . Retrieved 9 Agustus 2020.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20200807-the-strange-history-of-the-cargo-that-caused-the-beirut-blast|title=The strange history of the chemical cargo that caused the Beirut blast|date=7 Agustus 2020|website=France 24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://safetyatsea.net/news/2020/huge-ammonia-explosion-at-beirut-port-claims-over-100-lives/|title=Suspected ammonia explosion at Beirut port claims more than 100 lives – IHS Markit Safety at Sea|website=safetyatsea.net}}</ref> Sebuah kapal tanker minyak nabati, ''Amadeo{{nbsp}}II'', hancur total dalam ledakan. Sisa-sisa yang hangus dari kapal terlihat tergeletak di darat.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://report.az/en/other-countries/beirut-blast-149-killed-more-than-5000-injured/ |title=Beirut explosion 149 killed, more than 5000 injured |website=Report News Agency |date=7 Agustus 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais/details/ships/shipid:676417/mmsi:450557000/imo:7423990/vessel:AMADEO_II |title=AMADEO II |website=Marine Traffic |date=7 Agustus 2020 }}</ref>
Kantor milik [[Hapag-Lloyd]] di Beirut hancur.<ref name=OE-Hapag>{{cite web |url=https://www.offshore-energy.biz/hapag-lloyds-beirut-office-completely-destroyed-staff-safe/|title=Hapag-Lloyd's Beirut office completely destroyed, staff safe |first=Jasmina |last=Ovcina |publisher=Offshore Energy |accessdate=6 Agustus 2020}}</ref> Kantor milik [[CMA CGM]], yang terletak beberapa ratus meter dari lokasi ledakan, rusak parah. Seorang karyawan meninggal dan dua orang lainnya terluka parah.<ref name="cmacgm">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cma-cgm.com/news/3238/beirut-explosions-the-cma-cgm-group-expresses-deepest-emotion-and-solidarity-towards-its-on-site-staff-and-all-of-the-lebanese-people|title=CMA CGM | Beirut Explosions: The CMA CGM Group expresses deepest emotion and solidarity towards its on-site staff and all of the Lebanese people|website=www.cma-cgm.com}}</ref><ref name="cmacgm.nytimes">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/08/06/world/europe/06reuters-lebanon-security-blast-cmacgm.html|title=Shipping Group CMA CGM Says Missing Beirut Staff Member Died|date=6 Agustus 2020|via=NYTimes.com}}{{Pranala mati|date=September 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
===Bandar udara===
Baris 119 ⟶ 118:
== Bantuan kemanusiaan ==
* Pemerintah Indonesia mengucapkan duka cita dan simpati mendalam kepada keluarga, pemerintah dan rakyat Lebanon atas ledakan yang terjadi di pelabuhan Beirut pada Selasa 4 Agustus. [[Kontingen Garuda]] yang tergabung dalam UNIFIL FC membantu penanganan pascaledakan, termasuk evakuasi korban.<ref>{{
* ==Penangkapan==
Baris 127 ⟶ 126:
== Dampak ledakan ==
* Perdana Menteri Lebanon Hassan Diab resmi mengundurkan diri dari jabatannya pada Senin, 10 Agustus 2020. Diab mundur setelah bencana ledakan pelabuhan Beirut yang memicu kemarahan publik yang berujung pada meluasnya protes anti-pemerintah.<ref>{{
* Empat anggota parlemen Lebanon mengundurkan diri di tengah aksi demo warga yang marah atas ledakan besar di pelabuhan Beirut pada Selasa kemarin. Tiga anggota parlemen berasal dari Partai Kataeb, dan satunya lagi independen. "Kami dan beberapa anggota parlemen lainnya tidak akan lagi menjadi elite (politik)," kata Nadee Gemayel usai mengundurkan diri, dilansir dari laman ''Yeni Safak'', Minggu 9 Agustus 2020.<ref>{{
== Catatan ==
Baris 134 ⟶ 133:
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
==Pranala luar==
Baris 142 ⟶ 141:
* {{En}} [https://www.npr.org/sections/pictureshow/2020/08/04/899084152/photos-explosion-leaves-beirut-in-shatters Photos: Explosion Leaves Beirut in Shatters] oleh ''[[NPR]]''
[[Kategori:Bencana industri tahun 2020]]
[[Kategori:Ledakan di Lebanon]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah Beirut]]
[[Kategori:Kebakaran dan ledakan industri]]
[[Kategori:
[[Kategori:Ledakan tahun 2020]]
[[Kategori:Bencana
[[Kategori:Insiden maritim tahun 2020]]
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