Perkawinan sejenis di Brasil: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''[[Same-sex marriage|Perkawinan sejenis]] di Brasil''' telah sah di [[Brasil]]dilegalkan sejak 16 Mei 2013, menyusulmelalui putusan [[Dewan Kehakiman Nasional]],.<ref name="estadao.com.br">{{cite web|url=http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/cidades,cnj-obriga-cartorios-a-celebrar-casamento-entre-homossexuais,1031678,0.htm |title=CNJ obriga cartórios a celebrar casamento entre homossexuais |language=Portuguese |publisher=Estadao.com.br |date=2013-05-14 |accessdate=2014-04-05}}</ref><ref name="france24.com">[http://www.france24.com/en/20130514-brazil-judicial-panel-clears-way-gay-marriage Brazil judicial panel clears way for gay marriage] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130609172419/http://www.france24.com/en/20130514-brazil-judicial-panel-clears-way-gay-marriage |date=9 June 2013 }}</ref> yang memerintahkanSetiap [[notaris]] dari setiap negara bagian di Brasil telah diberi amanat untuk melakukanmenyetujui setiap [[perkawinan sejenis]].<ref name="edition.cnn.com">{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/05/15/world/americas/brazil-same-sex-marriage/index.html?eref=edition|title=Brazilian judicial council: Notaries must recognize same-sex marriage - CNN.com|author=Marilia Brocchetto, CNN|date=15 May 2013|work=CNN|accessdate=7 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="Brazil clears way for gay marriage">{{cite web|url=http://www.enca.com/world/brazil-clears-way-gay-marriage|title=Brazil Clears Way For Gay Marriage|publisher=|accessdate=7 May 2016}}</ref>

[[Hubungan sesama jenis|Persatuan sejenis]] telah secara sah diakui sejak 2004. Menyusul sebuah putusan dari [[Mahkamah Agung Brasil]], apa yang disebut ''persatuan tetap'' atau ''stable unions'' ({{lang-pt|união estável}}) telah tersedia bagi pasangan sejenis sejak Mei 2011. Persatuan ini memberikan hak yang hampir sama dengan perkawinan, termasuk [[Adopsi sejenis di Brasil|adopsi]], manfaat kesejahteraan, [[pensiun]], pajak warisan, [[pajak penghasilan]], [[keamanan sosial]], [[Manfaat kesehatan (asuransi)|manfaat kesehatan]], [[imigrasi]], kepemilikan [[benda bersama]], kunjungan rumah sakit dan penjara, [[IVF]] dan [[surogasi]].<ref>[httphttps://jus2.uoljus.com.br/doutrinaartigos/texto.asp?id=554/uniao-civil-entre-pessoas-do-mesmo-sexo União civil entre pessoas do mesmo sexo (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender &#91;LGBT&#93; civil unions in Brazil)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091223115927/http://jus2.uol.com.br/doutrina/texto.asp?id=554 |date=23 December 2009 }} {{pt icon}}</ref> Keputusan ini merupakan langkah awal dari pengesahan hak perkawinan sejenis ke depannya. Sebelum pengesahan di tingkat negara, negara bagian [[Alagoas]],<ref name="WA">{{cite web|url=http://www.washingtonblade.com/2012/12/21/brazils-most-populous-state-to-allow-same-sex-marriage/|title=Brazil's most populous state to allow same-sex marriage|work=Washington Blade|date=21 December 2012}}</ref> [[Bahia]],<ref name="WA" /><ref name="Atarde">{{cite news|language=Portuguese|url=http://atarde.uol.com.br/materias/1459659|title=Bahia legaliza casamento entre pessoas do mesmo sexo (Bahia legalizes marriage between people of the same sex|accessdate=20 January 2013|date=10 October 2012|work=A Tarde|archive-date=2015-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927115050/http://atarde.uol.com.br/materias/1459659|dead-url=yes}}</ref> [[Ceará]], [[Espírito Santo]], [[Distrik Federal (Brasil)|Distrik Federal]], [[Mato Grosso do Sul]], [[Paraíba]], [[Paraná (negara bagian)|Paraná]],<ref name=Paranalocal/><ref name=athosgls/> [[Piauí]], [[Rondônia]], [[Santa Catarina (negara bagian)|Santa Catarina]], [[São Paulo (negara bagian)|São Paulo]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2012/12/21/brazil-court-ruling-means-all-gay-couples-can-legally-marry-in-the-state-of-sao-paulo/|title=Brazil: Court ruling means all gay couples can legally marry in the state of São Paulo|work=Pink News|accessdate=20 January 2013|date=21 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/s%C3%A3o-paulo-court-guarantees-same-sex-marriages211212|title=São Paulo court guarantees same-sex marriages|work=Gay Star News|accessdate=20 January 2012|date=21 December 2012|archive-date=2018-07-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719173713/https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/s%C3%A3o-paulo-court-guarantees-same-sex-marriages211212/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> dan [[Sergipe]], dan juga kota [[Santa Rita do Sapucaí]] (MG),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://g1.globo.com/mg/sul-de-minas/noticia/2012/07/apos-liberacao-da-justica-santa-rita-do-sapucai-tem-1-casamento-gay.html|title=G1 - Após liberação da Justiça, Santa Rita do Sapucaí tem 1º casamento gay - notícias em Sul de Minas|work=Sul de Minas|accessdate=7 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://g1.globo.com/mg/sul-de-minas/noticia/2012/07/casamento-homossexual-e-liberado-em-cidade-no-sul-de-minas.html|title=G1 - Casamento homossexual é liberado pela Justiça em cidade no Sul de MG - notícias em Sul de Minas|work=Sul de Minas|accessdate=7 May 2016}}</ref> telah megizinkan perkawinan sejenis dan beberapa persatuan yang telah diubah menjadi perkawinan penuh oleh hakim negara bagian.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704810504576307462964225654|date=6 May 2011|author=John Lyons|title=Brazil Top Court Grants Equal Rights to Same-Sex Unions |accessdate=20 January 2012}}</ref> Di [[Rio de Janeiro (negara bagian)|Rio de Janeiro]], pasangan sejenis dapat juga kawin hanya jika hakim daerah tersebut setuju dengan permintaan mereka.<ref name="Rio">{{cite web|url=http://virgula.uol.com.br/ver/noticia/lifestyle/2013/04/20/324152-rio-de-janeiro-retira-impedimentos-a-casamento-entre-gays|title=Rio de Janeiro state legalizes gay marriage|date=17 April 2013|accessdate= 22 April 2013|archive-date=2016-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625133224/http://virgula.uol.com.br/ver/noticia/lifestyle/2013/04/20/324152-rio-de-janeiro-retira-impedimentos-a-casamento-entre-gays/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>

Meskipun demikian, pada 14 Mei 2013, Hakim [[Dewan Kehakiman Nasional|Dewan Kehakiman Brasil]] mengesahkan perkawinan sejenis di seluruh negara dengan suara 14-1 dengan mengeluarkan putusan yang mewajibkan semua pencatat sipil di negara tersebut untuk melakukan perkawinan sejenis dan mengubah persatuan sipil yang ada menjadi perkawinan, jika pasangan tersebut bersedia.<ref name="estadao.com.br"/><ref name="france24.com"/><ref name="g1.globo.com">{{cite web|url=http://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2013/05/apos-uniao-estavel-gay-podera-casar-em-cartorio-decide-cnj.html|title=G1 - Decisão do CNJ obriga cartórios a fazer casamento homossexual - notícias em Política|work=Política|accessdate=7 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="jb.com.br">{{cite web|url=http://www.jb.com.br/pais/noticias/2013/05/14/cnj-obriga-cartorios-a-converterem-uniao-estavel-gay-em-casamento/|title=Jornal do Brasil|work=Jornal do Brasil|accessdate=7 May 2016|archive-date=2015-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707101840/http://www.jb.com.br/pais/noticias/2013/05/14/cnj-obriga-cartorios-a-converterem-uniao-estavel-gay-em-casamento/|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="Times Removes">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/15/world/americas/brazilian-court-council-removes-a-barrier-to-same-sex-marriage.html|title= Brazilian Court Council Removes a Barrier to Same-Sex Marriage|work=[[New York Times]]|last=Romero|first=Simon|date=May 14, 2013|accessdate=May 15, 2013}}</ref><ref name="Daily Kos">{{cite web|url=http://www.dailykos.com/story/2013/05/15/1209206/-country-with-most-Catholics-effectively-legalizes-gay-marriage|title=country with most Catholics effectively legalizes gay marriage|work=[[DailyKos]]|author=Teacherken|date=May 15, 2013|accessdate=May 15, 2013}}</ref> [[Joaquim Barbosa]], presiden Dewan Kehakiman dan [[Mahkamah Federal Agung]], mengatakan bahwa notaris tidak dapat melanjutkan untuklagi menolak "melakukan pernikahan sipil atau pengubahan dari persatuan tetap menjadi perkawinan antara orang yang berjenis kelamin sama".<ref name="edition.cnn.com"/> Putusan tersebut diumumkan pada 15 Mei dan berlaku pada 16 Mei 2013.<ref>{{pt icon}} [http://www.cnj.jus.br/dje/jsp/dje/DownloadDeDiario.jsp?dj=DJ89_2013-ASSINADO.PDF&statusDoDiario=ASSINADO DIÁRIO DA JUSTIÇA CONSELHO NACIONAL DE JUSTIÇA Edição nº 89/2013]</ref><ref>{{pt icon}} [http://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2013/05/regra-que-obriga-cartorios-fazer-casamento-gay-vale-partir-do-dia-16.html Regra que obriga cartórios a fazer casamento gay vale a partir do dia 16]</ref>

== Referensi ==

[[Kategori:Perkawinan sejenis|Brasil]]

[[Kategori:PerkawinanLGBT sejenisdi Brasil]]