Emigrasi dari Eropa: Perbedaan antara revisi

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(18 revisi perantara oleh 5 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 17:
|pop4 = 27,220,465
|ref4 = <ref name="Canada Census 2006">[http://www.statcan.gc.ca/tables-tableaux/sum-som/l01/cst01/demo26a-eng.htm Canada Census 2006]</ref>
|region5 = {{flagcountry|MexicoVenezuela}}
|pop5 = 2521,000,000+
|ref8 ref5 = <ref>[http://www.ine.gov.ve/CENSO2011/documentos/pdf/ResultadosBasicosCenso2011.pdf Resultado Basico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2011] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203105548/http://www.ine.gov.ve/CENSO2011/documentos/pdf/ResultadosBasicosCenso2011.pdf |date=2017-12-03 }} Venezuela 2011 Census , (p. 14).</ref><ref>http://www.ine.gob.ve/ INE : (adapted the % of 41,1% white people from the census with the actual new official census results</ref>
|ref5 =
<ref name="CIA">{{cite web|title=Ethnic groups|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2075.html|work=The World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)|accessdate=14 September 2013|archive-date=2019-01-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106010801/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2075.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|region6 = {{flagcountry|Australia}}
|pop6 = 20,982,665
|ref6 = <ref>https://humanrights.gov.au/sites/default/files/document/publication/Leading%20for%20Change_Blueprint2018_FINAL_Web.pdf</ref>
|ref6 =
|region7 = {{flagcountry|ColombiaMexico}}
|pop7 = 1713,519000,500000
|ref7 = <ref>https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mexico/</ref>
|ref7 = <ref name="Colombia: a country study">Bushnell, David & Rex A. Hudson (2010) "[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/pdf/CS_Colombia.pdf The Society and Its Environment]"; ''Colombia: a country study'': 87. Washingtion D.C.: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress.</ref><ref name="schwartzman">{{cite web|url= http://www.schwartzman.org.br/simon/coesion_etnia.pdf |title= White Colombians|accessdate= 16 January 2014}}</ref>
|region8 = {{flagcountry|VenezuelaColombia}}
|pop8 = 11,896,848
|ref8 = <ref>https://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/estadisticas-por-tema/demografia-y-poblacion/censo-nacional-de-poblacion-y-vivenda-2018</ref>
|ref8 = <ref>[http://www.ine.gov.ve/CENSO2011/documentos/pdf/ResultadosBasicosCenso2011.pdf Resultado Basico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2011] Venezuela 2011 Census , (p. 14).</ref><ref>http://www.ine.gob.ve/ INE : (adapted the % of 41,1% white people from the census with the actual new official census results</ref>
<ref name="CIA">{{cite web|title=Ethnic groups|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2075.html|work=The World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)|accessdate=14 September 2013}}</ref>
|region9 = {{flagcountry|Cuba}}
|pop9 = 7,271,926
Baris 46:
|ref14 =<ref>Statistics New Zealand Highlights: [http://www.stats.govt.nz/Census/2006CensusHomePage/QuickStats/quickstats-about-a-subject/culture-and-identity/ethnic-groups-in-new-zealand.aspx Ethnic groups in New Zealand]</ref>
|region15 = {{flagcountry|Puerto Rico}}
|pop15 = 32,064,862
|ref15 =<ref>{{cite web |author=2010 Census Data |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/ |title=2010 Census Data |publisher=2010.census.gov |date= |accessdate=2011-10-30 |archive-date=2012-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121230113955/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|region16 = {{flagcountry|Uruguay}}
|pop16 = 2,851,095
|ref16 = <ref name=enha_asc>{{cite web |title=Atlas Sociodemografico y de la Desigualdad en Uruguay , 2011: Ancestry |language=Spanish |format=PDF |publisher=National Institute of Statistics |url=http://www.ine.gub.uy/biblioteca/Atlas_Sociodemografico/Atlas_fasciculo_2_Afrouruguayos.pdf |access-date=2014-05-23 |archive-date=2014-02-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209083630/http://www.ine.gub.uy/biblioteca/Atlas_Sociodemografico/Atlas_fasciculo_2_Afrouruguayos.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|region17 = {{flagcountry|Guatemala}}
|pop17 = 21,700000,000
|ref17 = <ref name="CIA"/>
|region18 = {{flagcountry|Dominican Republic}}
|pop18 = 21,300,000
|ref18 = <ref name="CIA"/>
|region19 = {{flagcountry|Bolivia}}
|pop19 = 2,000800,000
|ref19 = <ref name="CIA"/>
|region20 = {{flagcountry|Peru}}
|pop20 = 1,4M-4,4M
|ref20 = <ref name="CIA"/><ref name="paa2012.princeton.edu">[http://paa2012.princeton.edu/papers/120475 The Socioeconomic Advantages of ''Mestizos'' in Urban Peru] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312112113/http://paa2012.princeton.edu/papers/120475 |date=2016-03-12 }}. princeton.edu. pp. 4-5.</ref><ref name="CIA"/>
|region21 = {{flagcountry|Ecuador}}
|pop21 = 1,400,0004M-5M
|ref21 = <ref name="190.95.171.13">[http://190.95.171.13:8080/website/MAPAS_TEMATICOS/cpv_poblacion.htmlInstituto Nacional de Estadística y Censo del Ecuador INEC.]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
|region22 = {{flagcountry|Paraguay}}
|pop22 = 1,300,000
Baris 79:
'''Emigrasi dari Eropa''' dimulai secara besar-besaran selama [[imperium kolonial]] Eropa ke-17 sampai abad ke-19 dan berlanjut hingga hari ini. Hal ini menyangkut terutama [[Kekaisaran Spanyol]] pada abad 16 hingga ke-17 (perluasan Hispanosphere), [[Kerajaan Inggris]] pada abad 18 sampai abad ke-19 (perluasan Anglosphere), [[Kekaisaran Portugis]] dan [[Kekaisaran Rusia]] pada abad ke-19 (ekspansi ke [[Asia Tengah]] dan Timur Jauh Rusia).
 
Dari 1815-1932, 60 juta orang meninggalkan Eropa (dengan banyak yang kembali pulang), terutama untuk "daerah pemukiman Eropa," di [[Amerika Utara]] dan Selatan (terutama ke [[Amerika Serikat]], [[Kanada]], [[Argentina]], [[Brasil]] dan [[BrasilKolombia|Colombia]]), [[Australia]], [[Selandia Baru]] dan . [[Siberia]]<ref name="European Migration" /> populasi ini juga dikalikan dengan cepat di habitat baru mereka; jauh melebihi daripada populasi [[Afrika]] dan [[Asia]]. Akibatnya, menjelang [[Perang Dunia Pertama]], 38% dari total populasi dunia adalah keturunan Eropa.<ref name="European Migration">{{cite web|title=European Migration and Imperialism|publisher=|accessdate=14 September 2013|author=|url=http://historydoctor.net/Advanced%20Placement%20European%20History/Notes/european_migration_and_imperiali.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101122193228/http://historydoctor.net/Advanced%20Placement%20European%20History/Notes/european_migration_and_imperiali.htm|archivedate=2010-11-22|quote=The population of Europe entered its third and decisive stage in the early eighteenth century. Birthrates declined, but death rates also declined as the standard of living and advances in medical science provided for longer life spans. The population of Europe including Russia more than doubled from 188 million in 1800 to 432 million in 1900. From 1815 through 1932, sixty million people left Europe, primarily to "areas of European settlement," in North and South America, Australia, New Zealand and Siberia. These populations also multiplied rapidly in their new habitat; much more so than the populations of Africa and Asia. As a result, on the eve of World War One (1914), 38 percent of the world’s total population was of European ancestry. This growth in population provided further impetus for European expansion, and became the driving force behind emigration. Rising populations put pressure on land, and land hunger and led to "land hunger." Millions of people went abroad in search of work or economic opportunity. The Irish, who left for America during the great Potato famine, were an extreme but not unique example. Ultimately, one third of all European migrants came from the British Isles between 1840 and 1920. Italians also migrated in large numbers because of poor economic conditions in their home country. German migration also was steady until industrial conditions in Germany improved when the wave of migration slowed. Less than one half of all migrants went to the United States, although it absorbed the largest number of European migrants. Others went to Asiatic Russia, Canada, Argentina, Brazil, Australia and New Zealand.|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
Di Asia, populasi Eropa yang diturunkan (khusus Rusia) mendominasi di [[Asia Utara]], yang merupakan bagian dari [[Federasi Rusia]]. Afrika tidak memiliki negara dengan mayoritas keturunan Eropa, tapi ada minoritas yang signifikan di [[Afrika Selatan]] dan [[Namibia]].
 
Negara-negara di benua Amerika yang menerima gelombang imigran besar Eropa 1871-1960, adalah: [[Amerika Serikat]] (27 juta), [[Argentina]] (6,5 juta), [[Brasil]] (45,5 juta), [[Kanada]] (4 juta), [[Venezuela]] (2 juta), [[Kolombia]] (lebih dari 1 juta),<ref>http://www.asean-latin2012.com/venezuela.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305170459/http://asean-latin2012.com/venezuela.html |date=2016-03-05 }} "Between 1900 and 1958 more than one million Europeans immigrated to Venezuela."</ref> [[Cuba]] (610.000), [[Uruguay]] (600.000); negara-negara lain menerima aliran imigrasi secara sederhana dan kecil (akuntansi kurang dari 10% dari total aliran beremigrasi Eropa ke [[Amerika Latin]]), mereka adalah: [[Chile]] (183.000), [[Peru]] (150.000),<ref>Giovanni Bonfiglio, [http://www.discovernikkei.org/en/journal/2008/7/1/2679/ Las migraciones internacionales como motor de desarrollo en el Perú], Museo Nacional Japonés Americano. Publicado el 1 de julio de 2008. Consultado el 30 de octubre de 2011.</ref> dan [[Meksiko]] (25.000).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://docentes.fe.unl.pt/~satpeg/PapersInova/Labor%20and%20Immigration%20in%20LA-2005.pdf |title=European Immigration into Latin America, 1870-1930 |access-date=2011-10-05 |archive-date=2011-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005110544/http://docentes.fe.unl.pt/~satpeg/PapersInova/Labor%20and%20Immigration%20in%20LA-2005.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.artehistoria.jcyl.es/historia/contextos/2741.htm |title=La estructura social |access-date=2014-05-23 |archive-date=2012-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120612202609/http://www.artehistoria.jcyl.es/historia/contextos/2741.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>http://www.discovernikkei.org/en/journal/2008/7/1/2679/</ref>
 
== Migrasi awal ==
Baris 89:
** [[Afrika Utara]] ([[Vandal]])<ref>[http://www.metmuseum.org/TOAH/ht/05/afw/ht05afw.htm Western North Africa, 1–500 A.D.], The Metropolitan Museum of Art</ref>
** [[Asia Kecil]] ([[Yunani]] dan [[Galatia]]ns)<ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C04E7D81431F936A15751C1A9679C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all Archaeologists Find Celts In Unlikely Spot: Turkey], New York Times</ref>
 
** [[Mesir kuno|Mesir]] ([[Bangsa Yunani di Mesir]])<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.lib.umich.edu/pap/exhibits/diversity/people.html |title=Diversity in the Desert: Daily Life in Greek and Roman Egypt, 332 B.C.E. - 641 C.E. |access-date=2014-05-23 |archive-date=2008-05-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080510144328/http://www.lib.umich.edu/pap/exhibits/diversity/people.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
** [[Hindu Kush]] and [[India Utara]] ([[Kerajaan Yunani-India]])<ref>[http://thetorontotimes.com/content/view/1019/66/ Alexander the Great and precious stones in Afghanistan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080410124920/http://thetorontotimes.com/content/view/1019/66/ |date=2008-04-10 }}, The Toronto Times</ref>
 
* '''[[Abad pertengahan]]'''
** [[Asia Kecil]] ([[Asia Minor Slavs|Slavs]])<ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3763/is_200106/ai_n8980372 Cyril and Methodius of Thessalonica: The Acculturation of the Slavs]</ref>