|birth_date=238 SM
|birth_place=[[:en:Pella|Pella]], [[Makedonia (kerajaan kuno)|Makedonia]]|death_date=179 SM (usia 59 tahun)
|death_place=[[:en:Amphipolis|Amphipolis]], [[Makedonia (kerajaan kuno)|Makedonia]]
|father=[[:en:Demetrius II of Macedon|Demetrius II Aetolicus]]
|mother=Chryseis
|spouse=[[:en:Polycratia of Argos|Polycratia]]|issue=[[Perseus dari Makedonia|Perseus]]<br />[[:en:Apame IV|Apame IV]]<br />[[:en:Demetrius (son of Philip V)|Demetrius]]<br />[[:en:Philippus (son of Philip V)|Philippus]]
}}
[[Berkas:Mediterranean_at_218_BCMediterranean at 218 BC-en.svg|ka|jmpl|Dunia Mediterania pada tahun 218 SM]]
'''Filipus V''' (''Philip V''; {{Lang-el|Φίλιππος}}; ''Philipos''; 238-179 SM) adalah raja ([[basileus]]) kerajaan kuno [[Makedonia (kerajaan kuno)|Makedonia]] pada tahun 221-179 SM. Pemerintahan Filipus terutama ditandai oleh perjuangan yang gagal melawan kekuatan yang muncul dari [[Republik Romawi]].
Filipus dicatat sebagai menarik dan karismatik sebagai seorang pemuda. Sebagai prajurit yang gagah dan berani, tak pelak lagi dia dibandingkan dengan [[Aleksander Agung|Alexander the GreatAgung]] dan dijuluki ''kecintaan orang HelleneHelene'' ({{Lang|grc|ἐρώμενος τῶν Ἑλλήνων}}) karena ia menjadi, seperti ditulis oleh [[Polibios|Polybius]], "...kecintaan orang HelleneHelene berkat kecenderungan amalnya".<ref name="Russell 2013">{{Cite book|title=Literature and Culture in Late Byzantine Thessalonica|last=Russell|first=Eugenia|publisher=A&C Black|year=2013|isbn=9781441161772|page=xxvi|quote=Philip V was indeed very charismatic and was notably called by Polybius the beloved of Hellas: 'διότι κοινός τις οἱον ἐρώμενος ἐγένετο των Ἑλλήνων διὰ τὸ της αἱρέσεως εὐεργετικόν' [that he became the beloved of all Hellenes for his charitable inclination]}}</ref><ref>[//en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Polybius Polybius], [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Plb.+7.12&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0234 7.12] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307193152/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Plb.+7.12&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0234 |date=2017-03-07 }}, on Perseus</ref><ref>Polybius, [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0233%3Abook%3D7%3Achapter%3D11 7.11.8] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170103210128/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0233%3Abook%3D7%3Achapter%3D11 |date=2017-01-03 }} (Greek text), on Perseus</ref><ref>Shipley, p. 56.</ref>
== Kehidupan awal ==
Orang tuanya bernama Demetrius II dan Chryseis. Filipus berusia sembilan tahun ketika ayahnya mati pada 229 SM. Dia mempunyai kakak perempuan tiri bernama [[Apama III|Apame]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.livius.org/de-dh/demetrius/demetrius_ii.html|title=Demetrius II - Livius|website=www.livius.org|access-date=5 April 2018|archive-date=2015-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151027075616/http://www.livius.org/de-dh/demetrius/demetrius_ii.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Sepupunya, [[Antigonos III Doson|Antigonos Doson]], memerintah kerajaan sebagai wali sampai kematiannya pada 221 SM ketika Filipus berusia tujuh belas tahun.
Setelah naik tahta, Filipus cepat menunjukkan bahwa meskipun ia masih muda, tidak berarti bahwa Makedonia itu lemah. Pada tahun pertama pemerintahannya, ia memukul mundur orang Dardani dan suku-suku lain di utara kerajaannya.
== Perang Sosial ==
Dalam "Perang Sosial" (220–217 SM), Liga negara-negara Yunani HellenikHelenik berkumpul atas panggilan Filipus Vdi [[Korintus]]. Ia kemudian memimpin Liga HellenikHelenik dalam pertempuran melawan [[Aitolia]], [[Sparta]] dan [[Elis]]. Dengan cara ini ia mampu meningkatkan otoritasnya atas menteri-menterinya sendiri. Kepemimpinannya dalam Perang Sosial membuatnya terkeenal dan dihormati di dalam dan di luar kerajaannya.
== Perang Makedonia Pertama ==
{{main|Perang Makedonia Pertama}}
[[Berkas:Hellenistic bust of a man, possibly Philip V of Macedon, copper alloy, circa 200 BC.jpg|jmpl|Patung data [[Seni rupa HellenistikHelenistik|HellenistikHelenistik]] seorang pria yang mengenakan [[Rangkaian laurel|mahkota rangkaian daun laurel]], mungkin adalah Filipus V dari Makedonia, [[:en:copper alloy|alloy tembaga]], sekitar 200 SM, asalnya dari [[:en:Macedonia (Greece)|Macedonia]], sekarang di [[:en:Virginia Museum of Fine Arts|Virgina Museum of Fine Arts]], [[Richmond, Virginia|Richmond]], [[Amerika Serikat]].]]
Setelah Perdamaian Naupactus pada tahun 217 SM, Filipus V berusaha untuk menggantikan pengaruh [[Republik Romawi|Romawi]] di sepanjang pantai timur [[Laut Adriatik|Adriatik]], membentuk aliansi atau memberikan perlindungan pada pulau dan provinsi pantai tertentu seperti [[Lato]] di [[Kreta]]. Mula-mula ia berupaya menyerang [[Iliria]] dari laut, tetapi dengan keberhasilan terbatas. Ekspedisi pertamnya pada tahun 216 SM harus dibatalkan, sementara ia menderita kehilangan seluruh armada lautnya pada ekspedisi kedua pada tahun 214 SM. Ekspedisi kemudian dari daratan berhasil baik ketika ia merebut [[:en:Lissus|Lissus]] pada tahun 212 SM.
Pada tahun 215 BC, ia mengadakan [[:en:Macedonian–Carthaginian Treaty|perjanjian]] dengan [[Hannibal]], jenderal [[Karthago]] yang saat itu sedang menyerang Italia Romawi. Perjanjian mereka mendefinisikan lingkup operasi dan minat, tetapi hanya mencapai sedikit nilai bagi kedua belah pihak. Filipus menjadi sangat terlibat dalam membantu dan melindungi para sekutunya dari serangan orang [[Sparta]], Romawi dan sekutu-sekutu mereka.
[[ImageBerkas:ThermoAitolias.jpg|thumbjmpl|rightka|Reruntuhan [[:en:Thermo, Greece|Thermo]] ibukotaibu kota [[Liga Aitolia]], suatu kota yang direbut oleh tentara Filipus V.]]
Aliansi Romawi dengan [[Liga Aitolia]] pada tahun 211 SM secara efektif menetralisir keunggulan Filipus di daratan. Intervensi [[:en:Attalus I of Pergamum|Attalus I dari Pergamum]] pada pihak Romawi lebih membuka kelemahan posisi Filipus di Makedonia. Filipus mampu mengambil keuntungan mundurnya Attalus dari daratan Yunani pada tahun 207 SM, bersama dengan ketidakaktifan Romawi dan meningkatnya peranan [[Philopoimon]], [[strategos]] [[Liga Akhaia]]. Filipus dan tentaranya merebut [[:en:Thermo, Greece|Thermum]], pusat agamawi dan politik [[Aitolia]]. Tentaranya menghancurkan 2000 patung dan membawa pergi harta yang berlimpah termasuk sekitar 15000 [[perisai]] dan baju perang yang menghiasa [[:en:stoa|stoa]] orang Aitolia. Perisai-perisai itu merupakan perlengkapan perang yang diambil dari musuh-musuh orang Aitolia selama kemenangan-kemenangan mereka pada waktu lampau dan termasuk perisai-perisai orang [[Galia]] yang menyerang Yunani pada abad ke-3 SM.<ref name=" Mackil 2013 ">{{cite book |title=Creating a Common Polity: Religion, Economy, and Politics in the Making of the Greek Koinon |last= Mackil|first= Emily |year= 2013 |publisher= University of California Press |isbn= 9780520953932|quote= When Philip V sacked Thermon in 218, Polybios tells us that his army hauled away some fifteen thousand shields that been laid up in the stoas. Although the number is surely exaggerated, Polybios’s report suggests that the Aitolians had decorated their stoas with armor taken from enemies, and [[Jean Bousquet]] is certainly correct to surmise that at least some of these were Gallic shields taken as booty in 279. Yet the dedication of shields taken from defeated enemies appears to have been a traditional privilege of the Aitolian strategos, and it would be misleading to assume that all or even most of the dedicated armor at Thermon was Gallic. |page= 214}}</ref> Filipus V mengambil sejumlah besar [[emas]] dan harta kemudian membakar hangus kuil-kuil dan bangunan-bangunan publik orang [[Aitolia]].<ref name=" Vandenberg 2007 ">{{cite book |title=Mysteries of the Oracles: The Last Secrets of Antiquity |last= Vandenberg |first= Philipp |year= 2007 |publisher= Tauris Parke Paperbacks |isbn=9781845114022 |quote= Philip V of Macedonia, with whom the Epirotes were in league, exacted terrible revenge for the Aetolian raid the following year. He razed Thermum, the national shrine of the Aetolians and the meeting-place of the Aetolian League, to the ground. Temples and public building were burned down and more than two thousand votive statues were smashed; only statues of the gods themselves were spared. The booty in money and gold was so vast that Philip was able to rebuild his sacred city of Dion at the foot of Olympus, and the Epirotes, the sacred precinct of Dodona, bigger and better than before.|page=37 }}</ref> Filipus mampu memaksa orang Aitolia untuk menerima syarat-syaratnya pada tahun 206 SM. Pada tahun berikkutnya ia mampu mengadakan [[:en:Peace of Phoenice|Perdamaian Fenise]] dengan Roma dan para sekutunya.
== Ekspansi di laut Aegea ==
== Aliansi dengan Roma ==
{{utama|Perang Romawi-Suriah}}
Perjanjian perdamaian antara Filipus V dan orang Romawi setelah Perang Makedonia Kedua membatasi Filipus hanya di Makedonia dan ia harus membayar [[Indemnitas|ganti rugi]] 1000 [[talenta]], menyerahkan kebanyakan armada lautnya dan menyediakan sejumlah sandera, termasuk putranya yang lebih muda, Demetrius. Setelah itu, Filipus bekerja sama dengan orang Romawi dan mengirimkan bantuan untuk mereka dalam pertempuran melawan orang Sparta di bawah pimpinan raja [[:en:Nabis|Nabis]] pada tahun 195 SM. Filipus juga membantu orang Romawi berperang melawan [[Antiokhos III]] (192–189 SM).
Sebagai balasan bantuannya ketika pasukan Romawi di bawah [[Scipio Afrikanus|Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus]] dan saudara laki-lakinya [[:en:Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus|Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus]] bergerak melintasi Makedonia dan [[Thrakia]] pada tahun 190 SM, orang Romawi mengampuni sisa ganti rugi yang harus dibayarnya dan putranya, Demetrius, dibebaskan. Filipus kemudian memusatkan penguatan kekuasaanya di dalam Makedonia. Ia mereorganisasi urusan dalam negeri dan keuangan, tambang-tambang dibuka kembali, dan mata uang baru diterbitkan.
== Tahun-tahun terakhir ==
=== Sumber-sumber primer ===
* [[Polibios|Polybius]], [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Plb.+1.1 ''Sejarah''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080307154848/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Plb.+1.1 |date=2008-03-07 }}, Evelyn S. Shuckburgh (penerjemah); London, New York. Macmillan (1889); Cetak Ulang Bloomington (1962).
=== Sumber-sumber sekunder ===
* The Oxford History of the Classical World (1995)
* The Oxford Who's Who in the Classical World (2000)
* {{Cite journal|last=Shipley|first=Graham|yearauthorlink=2008|title=Approaching the Macedonian Peloponnese|journal=Ausonius études|volume=21|issue=|pages=53–68|publisher=Ausonius/De Boccard|location=Bordeaux/Paris|year=2008|url=https://lra.le.ac.uk/bitstream/2381/7696/5/Shipley%202008%20Mac%20Pel%20in%20Tours%20vol%20007Shipley2..pdf|journalissn=Ausonius études|locationdoi=Bordeaux/Paris|publisherid=Ausonius/De Boccard|volume=21|pages=53–68|access-dateaccessdate=5 JulyJuli 2010}}{{Pranala mati|archive-date=December 20172011-07-18|fixarchive-attemptedurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718172441/https://lra.le.ac.uk/bitstream/2381/7696/5/Shipley%202008%20Mac%20Pel%20in%20Tours%20vol%20007Shipley2..pdf|dead-url=yes}}
<div class="cx-template-editor-source-container" dir="ltr" style="display: none;" lang="en"><div class="cx-template-editor-source"><div class="cx-template-editor-title" title="This template formats a citation to an article in a magazine or journal, using the provided source information (e.g. journal name, author, title, issue, URL) and various formatting options.">Cite journal</div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="last" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Last name</span><span data-key="last" title="The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="last" style="position: relative;">Shipley</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="first" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">First name</span><span data-key="first" title="Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="first" style="position: relative;">Graham</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="year" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Year of publication</span><span data-key="year" title="Year of the source being referenced; recommended only when date parameter format is YYYY-MM-DD and a CITEREF disambiguator is needed" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="year" style="position: relative;">2008</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="title" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Title</span><span data-key="title" title="The title of the article; can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotes." class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="title" style="position: relative;">Approaching the Macedonian Peloponnese</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="url" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">URL</span><span data-key="url" title="The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the &nbsp;protocol relative scheme "//..."" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="url" style="position: relative;"><nowiki>https://lra.le.ac.uk/bitstream/2381/7696/5/Shipley%202008%20Mac%20Pel%20in%20Tours%20vol%20007Shipley2..pdf</nowiki></div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="journal" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Journal</span><span data-key="journal" title="Name of the source journal; may be wikilinked; displays in italics; alias of 'work'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="journal" style="position: relative;">Ausonius études</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="location" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Location of publication</span><span data-key="location" title="Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="location" style="position: relative;">Bordeaux/Paris</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="publisher" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Publisher</span><span data-key="publisher" title="Name of the publisher; displays after title" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="publisher" style="position: relative;">Ausonius/De Boccard</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="volume" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Volume</span><span data-key="volume" title="For one publication published in several volumes" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="volume" style="position: relative;">21</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="pages" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Pages</span><span data-key="pages" title="Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="pages" style="position: relative;">53–68</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="access-date" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">URL access date</span><span data-key="access-date" title="The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="access-date" style="position: relative;">5 July 2010</div></div></div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-source-container" dir="ltr" style="display: none;" lang="en"><div class="cx-template-editor-source"><div class="cx-template-editor-title" title="This template formats a citation to an article in a magazine or journal, using the provided source information (e.g. journal name, author, title, issue, URL) and various formatting options.">Cite journal</div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="last" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Last name</span><span data-key="last" title="The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="last" style="position: relative;">Shipley</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="first" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">First name</span><span data-key="first" title="Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="first" style="position: relative;">Graham</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="year" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Year of publication</span><span data-key="year" title="Year of the source being referenced; recommended only when date parameter format is YYYY-MM-DD and a CITEREF disambiguator is needed" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="year" style="position: relative;">2008</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="title" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Title</span><span data-key="title" title="The title of the article; can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotes." class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="title" style="position: relative;">Approaching the Macedonian Peloponnese</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="url" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">URL</span><span data-key="url" title="The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the &nbsp;protocol relative scheme "//..."" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="url" style="position: relative;"><nowiki>https://lra.le.ac.uk/bitstream/2381/7696/5/Shipley%202008%20Mac%20Pel%20in%20Tours%20vol%20007Shipley2..pdf</nowiki></div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="journal" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Journal</span><span data-key="journal" title="Name of the source journal; may be wikilinked; displays in italics; alias of 'work'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="journal" style="position: relative;">Ausonius études</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="location" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Location of publication</span><span data-key="location" title="Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="location" style="position: relative;">Bordeaux/Paris</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="publisher" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Publisher</span><span data-key="publisher" title="Name of the publisher; displays after title" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="publisher" style="position: relative;">Ausonius/De Boccard</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="volume" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Volume</span><span data-key="volume" title="For one publication published in several volumes" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="volume" style="position: relative;">21</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="pages" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Pages</span><span data-key="pages" title="Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="pages" style="position: relative;">53–68</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="access-date" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">URL access date</span><span data-key="access-date" title="The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="access-date" style="position: relative;">5 July 2010</div></div></div></div>
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://virtualreligion.net/iho/philip_5.html Philip V] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806223331/https://virtualreligion.net/iho/philip_5.html |date=2020-08-06 }} dalam acuan sejarah oleh Mahlon H. Smith
{| class="wikitable succession-box" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:95%;clear:both;"
| colspan="3" id="231" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;" |<div id="232">Filipus V dari Makedonia </div><div id="234">'''Dinasti Antigonid'''</div>'''Lahir:''' 238 BCSM '''Meninggal:''' 179 SM
|- id="238" style="text-align:center;"
| id="239" rowspan="1" style="width:30%;" |Didahului oleh<br />[[Antigonos III Doson]]
| id="242" rowspan="1" style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" |''' Raja Makedonia'''<br />221-179 BCSM
| id="245" rowspan="1" style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" |Digantikan oleh<br />[[Perseus dari Makedonia|Perseus]]
|}
{{Commonscat|Philip V of Macedon}}
{{Penguasa Helenistik}}
[[Kategori:Kelahiran abad ke-3 SM]]
[[Kategori:Penguasa abad ke-3 SM]]
|