Fregat kelas Formidable: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{|{{Infobox ship begin |infobox caption=Fregat kelas ''Formidable''}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[Berkas:Singapore Navy guided-missile frigate RSS Steadfast.jpg|300px|RSS ''Steadfast'' in 2008]]
|Ship caption=RSS ''Steadfast'' in 2008
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
|Name=Kelas ''Formidable''
|Builders=*[[DCNS (perusahaan)|DCNS]]
*[[ST Engineering|ST Engineering (Marine)]]
|Operators={{navy|SIN}}
|Total ships completed=6
|Total ships active=6
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Ship type=[[Frigate]]
|Ship displacement={{convert|3200|t|sigfig=3}}
|Ship length={{convert|114.8|m|ftin|sigfig=3|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|16.3|m|ftin|abbr=on|sigfig=3}}
|Ship draught={{convert|6.0|m|ftin|abbr=on|sigfig=3}}
|Ship power=*4 × [[Isotta Fraschini|ISM V1708]] [[diesel generator]]s, each producing {{convert|860|kW|shp|lk=on|sigfig=3}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.diesel-spec.com/c/c.aspx/ISO001/productspecs|title=Isotta Fraschini Motori S.p.A. engines specs|website=Diesel-Specs|accessdate=22 April 2010|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710123612/http://www.diesel-spec.com/c/c.aspx/ISO001/productspecs|archivedate=10 July 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
*Total output: {{convert|3440|kW|shp|abbr=on|sigfig=3}}
|Ship propulsion=*[[Combined diesel and diesel]] (CODAD) arrangement
*4 × [[MTU Friedrichshafen|MTU]] 20V 8000 M90, each rated at {{convert|9100|kW|shp|abbr=on|sigfig=3}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtu-online.com/mtu/products/diesel-engines-overview/general-purpose-diesel-engines/8000/|title=MTU Series 8000|website=MTU-online|accessdate=23 November 2010|archive-date=2011-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929155323/http://www.mtu-online.com/mtu/products/diesel-engines-overview/general-purpose-diesel-engines/8000/|dead-url=no}}</ref>
*Total output: {{convert|36400|kW|shp|abbr=on|sigfig=3}}
|Ship sail plan=
|Ship speed=*Maximum: {{convert|27|kn|lk=in|sigfig=3}}
*Cruising: {{convert|18|kn|abbr=on|sigfig=3}}
|Ship range={{convert|4200|nmi|km|lk=in|sigfig=3}}
|Ship complement=71, excluding air crew detachment of approx. 19
|Ship sensors=*'''Search radar''': [[Herakles (radar)|Thales Herakles]] multi-function [[Passive electronically scanned array]] radar
*'''Fire-control radar:''' [[Thales]] STING EO Mk2
*'''Navigation radar''': [[Terma A/S|Terma Electronic]] Scanter 2001
*'''Sonar''': [[EDO Corporation|EDO]] Model 980 active low frequency towed sonar (ALOFTS)
|Ship EW=*'''ESM''': [[Rafael Advanced Defense Systems|RAFAEL]] C-PEARL-M
*'''Decoys''': [[Safran|Sagem Défense Sécurité]] New Generation Dagaie System, 2 × forward & 1 × aft.
* Leonardo Finmeccanica Morpheus anti-torpedo suite with WASS C310 launchers, 2 x aft
|Ship armament=*'''Anti kapal''': 8 × [[Harpoon (missile)|RGM-84C Harpoon SSM]]
*'''Anti udara''': 2 × [[Sylver (missile launcher)|Sylver A50 8-cell VLS]] for [[Aster (missile family)|MBDA Aster 15/30]], 2 × [[Sylver (missile launcher)|Sylver A43 8-cell VLS]] for [[Aster (missile family)|MBDA Aster 15]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Wertheim |first=Eric |date=2013 |title=The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World |edition=16th |url=https://www.usni.org/store/books/fighting-ships/aircraft-carriers/naval-institute-guide-combat-fleets-world-16th-edition |location=Annapolis, Maryland |publisher=Naval Institute Press |page=657 |access-date=2020-01-10 |archive-date=2017-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170817065252/https://www.usni.org/store/books/fighting-ships/aircraft-carriers/naval-institute-guide-combat-fleets-world-16th-edition |dead-url=no }}</ref>
*'''Anti-submarine''': 2 × B515 triple tubes with reloads for [[EuroTorp]] [[A244-S|A244/S Mod 3 torpedoes]]
*'''Guns''': [[Otobreda 76 mm|Oto Melara 76mm Super Rapid gun]] (mounted in stealth cupola), 4 × [[STK 50MG]] {{convert|12.7|mm|in|abbr=on}} [[Heavy machine gun|HMG]], 2 × 25mm Mk38 Mod2 [[Typhoon Weapon Station]] Stabilised Gun
*'''Non-lethal:''' Long-Range Acoustic Device 500 Xtreme (LRAD500X)
|Ship aircraft=1 × [[Sikorsky S-70#S-70|S-70B Seahawk]]
|Ship aircraft facilities=[[Dek penerbangan]] dan [[hangar]] tertutup untuk hingga dua helikopter angkut sedang
|Ship notes=Sources:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/mindef_websites/atozlistings/navy/assets/vessels.html |title=Republic of Singapore Navy - Naval Assets |date=15 March 2010 |website=[[Ministry of Defence (Singapore)]] (MINDEF) |accessdate=22 April 2010 |archive-date=2008-07-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080706093445/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/mindef_websites/atozlistings/navy/assets/vessels.html |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name=Frigate><{{cite web |url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/weapons/frigate/capabilities.asp |title=Capabilities of the Frigate |website=[[Ministry of Defence (Singapore)]] |accessdate=23 April 2010 |archive-date=2007-06-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626044929/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/weapons/frigate/capabilities.asp |dead-url=no }}</ref>
}}
|}
<span>Kapal fregat siluman multi-peran kelas F''ormidable''</span> adalah kapal permukaan terbaru yang memasuki dinas pada [[Angkatan Laut Republik Singapura]], dan merupakan turunan multi-misi dari fregat kelas ''La Fayette''-class.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dcn.fr/us/offre/batiments_surface/formidable.html|title=Formidable Frigate|work=DCNS|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070513074135/http://www.dcn.fr/us/offre/batiments_surface/formidable.html|archivedate=2007-05-13|accessdate=2007-05-28}}</ref> Keenam kapal membentuk 185 Squadron dari AL Singapura.
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== Desain dan konstruksi ==
Pengurangan Radar cross section (RCS) telah diterapkan pada rancangan kelas ''Formidable'', dengan lambung dan anjungan yang miring, penyembunyian sekoci serta penyembunyian perlengkapan di belakang tirai ber-RCS kecil. Kelas ''Formidable'' memiliki profil yang jauh lebih kecil dari kelas ''La Fayette'' dan turunannya,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dcns.fr/us/medias/docs/DP_Institutionnel2006_UK.pdf|title=DCNS - European Leader in Naval Defence|website=DCNS|format=PDF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927025938/http://www.dcns.fr/us/medias/docs/DP_Institutionnel2006_UK.pdf|archive-date=2007-09-27|access-date=2010-11-22}}</ref> sebab memiliki badan yang lebih kecil dan penggunaan teknologi menara sensor tertutup smaller superstructure.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.strategypage.com/htmw/htsurf/articles/20040116.aspx|title=Surface Forces|website=Strategy Page|access-date=2007-05-29|archive-date=2007-08-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070818104749/http://www.strategypage.com/htmw/htsurf/articles/20040116.aspx|dead-url=no}}</ref> Fregat ini memiliki konstruksi sepenuhnya dari baja, tidak seperti kelas ''La Fayette'' yang menggunakan bahan komposit ringan secara ekstensif.<ref name="Scott 2006 42–49">{{Cite journal|last=Scott|first=Richard|date=April 2006|title=Singapore Moves to Realise Its Formidable Ambitions|journal=Jane's Navy International|volume=111|issue=4|pages=42–49}}</ref> Fregat ini juga memiliki ketahanan terhadap kondisi laut yang lebih baik dan mampu bertahan di laut lebih lama.
=== Sensor dan sistem ===
Fregat ini dilengkapi dengan radar [[jajaran radar dipindai elektronik pasif]] multi-fungsi Thales Herakles, yang menyediakan pengawasan tiga dimensi hingga {{Convert|250|km|1|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thales-naval.com/naval/pdf/herakles1.pdf|title=Thales HERAKLES|website=Thales|format=PDF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930125024/http://www.thales-naval.com/naval/pdf/herakles1.pdf|archive-date=2007-09-30|access-date=2010-11-22}}</ref> Radar ini menyediakan pencarian dan penjejakan sasaran udara dan permukaan secara otomatis dan meyeluruh, dan terintegrasi dengan sistem pertahanan udara MBDA Aster.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/weapons/frigate/combatsystems.asp|title=Combat Systems of the Frigate|website=MINDEF|access-date=2010-11-22|archive-date=2007-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070511010520/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/weapons/frigate/combatsystems.asp|dead-url=no}}</ref> Menggunakan [[Sistem peluncuran vertikal|sistem peluncuran vertikal (VLS)]] Sylver buatan DCNS, setiap kapal dilengkapi dengan 32 sel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/formidable/|title=Formidable Class Multi-Mission Frigates, Singapore|website=Naval Technology|access-date=2010-11-22|archive-date=2007-05-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070515084258/http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/formidable/|dead-url=no}}</ref> Dilaporkan bahwa fregat ini memiliki konfigurasi [[peluru kendali darat ke udara]] spesial, mengombinasikan radar Thales Herakles denga peluncur Sylver A50 dan campuran rudal Aster 15 dan 30.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aw/dti0108/index.php?startpage=38|title=Target acquisition - MAST highlights missile-defense concepts|website=Defence Technology International|access-date=2010-11-22|archive-date=2008-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080207121335/http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aw/dti0108/index.php?startpage=38|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
Fregat kelas ''Formidable ''adalah pemain kunci dalam Jaringan Komando dan Kontrol Berbasis Pengetahuan Terintegrasi [[Angkatan Bersenjata Singapura]], sebuah konsep yang mirip dengan doktrin peperangan berfokus pada jaringan dari Departemen Pertahanan Amerika Serikat. Sistem manajemen pertempuran buatan lokal menyatukan semua sensor dan sistem persenjataan pada kapal, dan sebuah sistem transfer data berganda [[Fast Ethernet]] menjadi tulang belakang dari sistem ini.
Setiap fregat meiliki jangkauan pengaruh hingga sekitar {{Convert|200|nmi|km|abbr=on}}, yang akan menjadi pusat operasi AL di laut dan menerima informasi dari kapal lainnya serta aset udara dalam jangkauannya. Sistem manajemen pertempuran akan mengolah data yang berbeda, membuat gambaran wilayah operasi yang akurat, dan mengirim data ke daratan untuk AD dan AU. .<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/publications/cyberpioneer/news/2007/May/07may07_news.html|title=Frigates to Function as Ops Centre in Integrated Warfighting|website=MINDEF|access-date=2007-05-29|archive-date=2007-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070608190625/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/publications/cyberpioneer/news/2007/May/07may07_news.html|dead-url=no}}</ref> Hal ini meningkatkan kewaspadaan battlespace dan memberikan musuh sedikit waktu untuk dapat bereaksi karena siklus sensor-ke-penembak yang lebih pendek.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Wan|first=Gail|date=May 2007|title=Heralding the New-Age Navy|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/publications/cyberpioneer/features/2007/may07_cs.html|journal=Pioneer|access-date=2007-05-31|archive-date=2007-06-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070627170243/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/publications/cyberpioneer/features/2007/may07_cs.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>
=== Persenjataan ===
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Fregat ini juga dilengkapi dengan sonar tarik aktif frekuensi rendah buatan EDO Corporation untuk mendekteksi kapal selam dari jarak jauh, juga torpedo ringan EuroTorp A244/S Mod 3 yang diluncurkan dari dua peluncur torpedo tiga tabung B515 .
Fregat ini dilengkapi dengan helikopter [[Sikorsky S-70]]B, sebuah turunan dari [[Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk|Sikorsky SH-60B Seahawk]]. Menteri Pertahanan menyetujui kontrak dengan [[Sikorsky Aircraft|Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation]] pada Januari 2005 untuk membeli enam helikopter, yang akan beroperasi di kapal.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sikorsky.com/vgn-ext-templating-SIK/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=00de6eb78fa78110VgnVCM1000001382000aRCRD&vgnextchannel=96d99a93bc298110VgnVCM1000001382000aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default&pressvcmid=9fbda96c2e289110VgnVCM1000001382000aRCRD&keyword=Singapore&dateFrom=null&dateTo=null&model=null&business=null&matchCriteria=null&matchKeyword=any&fromSearchPage=true&businessIndex=null&=modelIndex=null#|title=Republic of Singapore Navy Acquires Six New Naval Helicopters|website=Sikorsky Corporation|access-date=2010-11-22|archive-date=2012-08-29|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6AGcVc4vF?url=http://www.sikorsky.com/vgn-ext-templating-SIK/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=00de6eb78fa78110VgnVCM1000001382000aRCRD|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Setiap helikopter ini dilengkapi dengan radar pengawasan dan penjejakan maritim X-band [http://www.telephonics.com/ Telephonics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230614210632/https://www.telephonics.com/ |date=2023-06-14 }} AN/APS-143 ''Ocean Eye'',<ref name="APS">
== Lihat pula ==
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080820014422/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/weapons/frigate/ Official frigate website, MINDEF]
* [http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/mindef_websites/atozlistings/navy/assets/vessels.html MINDEF - Republic of Singapore Navy - Naval Assets] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080706093445/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/mindef_websites/atozlistings/navy/assets/vessels.html |date=2008-07-06 }}
* [http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2503 Formidable Class frigate - Republic of Singapore Navy on navyrecognition.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916141834/http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2503 |date=2016-09-16 }}
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