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Baris 1: {{Infobox building \| name = ''Führerbunker'' \| native_name = Bunker Führer \| native_name_lang = Jerman \| former_names = = \| alternate_names = = \| image = Bundesarchiv Bild 183-V04744, Berlin, Garten der zerstörte Reichskanzlei.jpg \| image_alt = = \| caption = \| map_type = = \| map_alt = = \| map_caption = = \| altitude = = \| building_type = = \| architectural_style = \| structural_system = = \| cost = 1.35 juta [[Reichsmark]] \| ren_cost = = \| client = = \| owner = [[Jerman Nazi]] \| current_tenants = = \| landlord = = \| location = = \| address = = \| location_town = [[Berlin]] \| location_country = [[Jerman Nazi]] \| iso_region = = \| coordinates_display = \| latitude = = \| longitude = = \| latd = = \| latm = = \| lats = = \| latNS = = \| longd = = \| longm = = \| longs = = \| longEW = = \| coordinates = {{Coord\|52.5125\|N\|13.3815\|E\|region:DE-BE_type:landmark\|display=inline,title}} \| start_date = 1943 \| completion_date = 23 Oktober 1944 \| inauguration_date = = \| renovation_date = = \| destruction_date = 5 Desember 1947 \| height = = \| diameter = = \| other_dimensions = = \| floor_count = = \| floor_area = = \| seating_type = = \| seating_capacity = = \| main_contractor = = \| architect = [[Albert Speer]], Karl Piepenburg \| architecture_firm = [[Hochtief\|Hochtief AG]] \| structural_engineer = \| services_engineer = = \| civil_engineer = = \| other_designers = = \| quantity_surveyor = = \| awards = = \| ren_architect = = \| ren_firm = = \| ren_str_engineer = = \| ren_serv_engineer = = \| ren_civ_engineer = = \| ren_oth_designers = = \| ren_qty_surveyor = = \| ren_awards = = \| url = = \| references = = }} [[Berkas:Karte-reichskanzlei.jpg\|~~thumb~~jmpl\|275px\|Model 3D Kanseleri Reich Baru dengan lokasi kompleks bunker tersebut]] [[Berkas:Karte-fuehrerbunker.jpg\|~~thumb~~jmpl\|275px\|Model 3D ''Führerbunker'' (kiri) dan ''Vorbunker'' (kanan)]] '''''Führerbunker''''' adalah sebuah tempat berlindung dari serangan udara yang terletak di dekat [[Kanseleri Reich]] di [[Berlin]], [[Jerman]]. Tempat tersebut merupakan bagian dari kompleks bunker subterania yang dibangun dalam dua fase yang diselesaikan pada 1936 dan 1944. Tempat tersebut merupakan [[Markas Besar Führer]] (''Führerhauptquartiere'') terakhir yang digunakan oleh [[Adolf Hitler]], saat Perang Dunia Kedua. Baris 79: == Pembangunan == Bunker Kanseleri Reich awalnya dibangun sebagai [[tempat berlindung dari serangan udara]] sementara untuk Hitler (yang sebenarnya menjalani waktu sangat sedikit di ~~ibukota~~ibu kota tersebut pada kebanyakan masa perang tersebut). Pengeboman Berlin membuat kompleks tersebut dijadikan tempat berlindung yang permanen. Kompleks elaborate tersebut terdiri dari dua tempat berlindung yang terpisah, ''[[Vorbunker]]'' ( "bunker depan"; bunker atas), yang diselesaikan pada 1936, dan ''Führerbunker'', yang lebih dalam {{convert\|2.5\|m\|ft}} dari ''Vorbunker'' dan berada di sebelah barat-barat daya, diselesaikan pada 1944.{{sfn\|Lehrer\|2006\|pp=117, 119, 123}}{{sfn\|Kellerhoff\|2004\|p=56}} == Peristiwa pada 1945 == Baris 102: == Sumber == {{refbegin}} * {{cite web \| last=Arnold \| first=Dietmar \| date=9 January 2012<!--See html source--> \| origyear=8 June 2010 \| title=Berliner Unterwelten e.V.: The Legend of Hitler’s Bunker \| publisher=Berliner-unterwelten.de \| url=http://berliner-unterwelten.de/fuehrer-bunker.328.1.html \| accessdate=11 June 2011 \| ref=harv \| archive-date=2011-05-18 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518232529/http://berliner-unterwelten.de/fuehrer-bunker.328.1.html \| dead-url=yes }} * {{cite book\|last=Beevor\|first=Antony\|authorlink=Antony Beevor\|year=2002\|title=Berlin: The Downfall 1945\|url=https://archive.org/details/berlindownfall190000beev_e9y1\|publisher=Viking–Penguin Books\|location=London\|isbn=978-0-670-03041-5\|ref=harv}} * {{cite book\|last=Bullock\|first=Alan\|authorlink=Alan Bullock\|year=1999\|title=Hitler: A Study in Tyranny\|origyear=1952\|publisher=Konecky & Konecky\|location=New York\|isbn=978-1-56852-036-0\|ref=harv}} * {{cite book\|last=Dollinger\|first=Hans\|year=1997\|title=Decline and the Fall of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan\|url=https://archive.org/details/declinefallofnaz0000doll_q1u0\|publisher=Chancellor\|location=London\|isbn=978-0-7537-0009-9\|ref=harv}} * {{cite book\|last=Hamilton\|first=Stephan\|year=2008\|title=Bloody Streets: The Soviet Assault on Berlin, April 1945\|publisher=Helion & Co\|location=Solihull\|isbn=978-1-906033-12-5\|ref=harv}} * {{cite book\|last=Joachimsthaler\|first=Anton\|year=1999\|origyear=1995\|title=The Last Days of Hitler: The Legends – The Evidence – The Truth\|url=https://archive.org/details/lastdaysofhitler0000joac_o3a8\|publisher=Brockhampton Press\|location=London\|isbn=978-1-86019-902-8\|ref=harv}} * {{cite book\|last = Kellerhoff\|first= Sven\|year = 2004\|title = The Führer Bunker\|publisher = Berlin Story Verlag\|location = Berlin\|isbn = 978-3-929829-23-5\|ref = harv }} * {{cite book\|last=Kershaw\|first=Ian\|authorlink=Ian Kershaw\|year=2008\|title=Hitler: A Biography\|url=https://archive.org/details/hitlerbiography0000kers\|publisher=W.W. Norton & Co\|location=New York\|isbn=978-0-393-06757-6\|ref=harv}} * {{cite book\|last=Lehrer\|first=Steven\|authorlink=Steven Lehrer\|year=2006\|title=[[The Reich Chancellery and Führerbunker Complex]]. An Illustrated History of the Seat of the Nazi Regime\|publisher=McFarland\|location=Jefferson, NC\|isbn=978-0-7864-2393-4\|ref=harv}} * {{cite book\|last=Linge\|first=Heinz\|authorlink=Heinz Linge\|year=2009\|title=With Hitler to the End\|url=https://archive.org/details/withhitlertoendm00ling\|publisher=Frontline Books–Skyhorse Publishing\|location=London; New York\|isbn=978-1-60239-804-7\|ref=harv}} * {{cite book\|last=Mabire\|first=Jean\|year=1975\|title=Mourir à Berlin\|language=French\|publisher=Fayard\|location=Paris\|isbn=978-2-213-00178-4\|ref=harv}} * {{cite book\|last = McNab\|first = Chris\|title = Hitler's Masterplan: The Essential Facts and Figures for Hitler's Third Reich\|url = https://archive.org/details/hitlersmasterpla00unse\|publisher = Amber Books Ltd\|year = 2011\|isbn = 978-1907446962\|ref=harv }} * {{cite book\|last = McNab\|first = Chris\|title = Hitler's Fortresses: German Fortifications and Defences 1939–45\|url = https://archive.org/details/hitlersfortresse0000mcna\|publisher = Osprey Publishing\|location = Oxford; New York\|year = 2014\|isbn = 978-1-78200-828-6\|ref=harv}} * {{cite journal \| last=Mollo \| first=Andrew \| year=1988 \| editor-last=Ramsey \| editor-first=Winston \| title=The Berlin Führerbunker: The Thirteenth Hole \| journal=After the Battle \| issue=61 \| publisher=Battle of Britain International \| location=London \| ref=harv}} * {{cite web \| author=MI5 staff \| year=2005 \| title=Hitler's last days \| work=mi5.gov.uk \| publisher=[[MI5]] \| url=https://www.mi5.gov.uk/home/about-us/who-we-are/mi5-history/world-war-ii/hitlers-last-days.html \| accessdate=12 June 2011 \| ref=harv \| archive-date=2015-07-04 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704070117/https://www.mi5.gov.uk/home/about-us/who-we-are/mi5-history/world-war-ii/hitlers-last-days.html \| dead-url=no }} * {{cite book\|last=Shirer\|first=William L.\|authorlink=William L. Shirer\|year=1960\|title=[[The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich]]\|publisher=Simon & Schuster\|location=New York\|isbn=978-0-671-62420-0\|ref=harv}} * {{cite book\|last=Speer\|first=Albert\|authorlink=Albert Speer\|origyear=1969\|year=1971\|title=[[Inside the Third Reich]]\|publisher=Avon\|location=New York\|isbn=978-0-380-00071-5\|ref=harv}} * {{cite web \| author = Staff \| title = Debunking Hitler: Marking the Site of the Führer's Bunker \| work = [[Spiegel Online]] \| publisher = Spiegel-Verlag \| date = 9 June 2006 \| url = http://www.spiegel.de/international/debunking-hitler-marking-the-site-of-the-fuehrer-s-bunker-a-420483.html \| accessdate = 7 April 2014 \| ref = {{sfnRef\|''Der Spiegel''\|2006}} \| archive-date = 2023-04-09 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230409221718/https://www.spiegel.de/international/debunking-hitler-marking-the-site-of-the-fuehrer-s-bunker-a-420483.html \| dead-url = no }} * {{cite book\|last = Taylor\|first = Blaine\|title = Hitler's Headquarters: From Beer Hall to Bunker, 1920–1945\|url = https://archive.org/details/hitlersheadquart0000tayl\|year = 2007\|publisher = Potomac\|location = Dulles, Virginia\|isbn = 978-1-57488-928-4\|ref = harv}} * {{cite book\|last = Williams\|first = Andrew\|year = 2005\|title = D-Day to Berlin\|publisher = [[Hodder & Stoughton\|Hodder]]\|isbn=978-0-340-83397-1\|ref = harv}} * {{cite book\|last=Ziemke\|first=Earl F.\|year=1969\|title=Battle For Berlin: End Of The Third Reich\|publisher=MacDonald\|location=London\|oclc=253711605\|ref=harv}} Baris 126: == Bacaan tambahan == * {{cite book\|last=Boldt\|first=Gerhard\|year=1973\|title=Hitler: The Last Ten Days\|url=https://archive.org/details/hitlerlasttenday0000unse\|publisher=Coward, McCann & Geoghegan\|location = New York\|isbn = 978-0-698-10531-7 }} * {{cite book\|author = C.I.U. General Staff, Geographical Section\|editor1-last = Ramsey\|editor1-first = Winston G.\|title = Berlin: Allied Intelligence Map of Key Buildings\|publisher = After the Battle – Battle of Britain International\|date = 1990\|isbn = 978-1-870067-33-1}} * {{cite book\|last=Fest\|first=Joachim\|authorlink=Joachim Fest\|year=2005\|title=Inside Hitler's Bunker: The Last Days of the Third Reich\|url=https://archive.org/details/insidehitlersbun0000fest_r1z8\|publisher=Picador\|location = New York\|isbn=978-0-374-13577-5 }} * {{cite book\|last=Junge\|first=Traudl\|authorlink=Traudl Junge\|editor1-last=Müller\|editor1-first=Melissa\|title=Until the Final Hour: Hitler's Last Secretary\|url=https://archive.org/details/untilfinalhourhi0000jung_b7l1\|publisher=Arcade Publishing\|location = New York\|year= 2004\|isbn= 978-1-55970-728-2}} * {{cite book\|last=Neubauer\|first=Christoph\|year=2010\|title=Stadtführer durch Hitlers Berlin\|language=Deutsch, English\|publisher=Flashback Medienverlag\|location = [[Frankfurt (Oder)\|Frankfurt]] on the Oder\|url=http://www.flashback-medien.de/3d-projekte-stadtfuehrer-durch-hitlers-berlin-e.html\|isbn=978-3-9813977-0-3 \|access-date=2015-07-03\|archive-date=2011-03-20\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320022218/http://flashback-medien.de/3d-projekte-stadtfuehrer-durch-hitlers-berlin-e.html\|dead-url=no}} * {{cite book\|last = O'Donnell\|first = James P.\|authorlink = James P. O'Donnell\|title = [[The Bunker (book)\|The Bunker]]\|publisher = Da Capo Press\|location = New York\|year = 2001\|origyear = 1978\|isbn = 978-0-306-80958-3 }} * {{cite book\|last=Petrova\|first=Ada\|last2=Watson\|first2=Peter\|title=The Death of Hitler: The Full Story with New Evidence from Secret Russian Archives\|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780393039146\|year = 1995\|publisher = Norton\|location = New York\|isbn = 978-0-393-03914-6}} * {{cite book\|last=Ryan\|first=Cornelius\|authorlink=Cornelius Ryan\|year=1966\|title=The Last Battle\|url=https://archive.org/details/lastbattle0000corn_h2b5\|publisher=Simon and Schuster\|location=New York }} * {{cite book\|last=Tissier\|first=Tony Le\|year=1999\|title=Race for the Reichstag: the 1945 Battle for Berlin\|edition=illustrated, reprint\|publisher=Routledge\|location=London; Portland, OR\|isbn=978-0-7146-4929-0 }} * {{cite book\|last=Trevor-Roper\|first=Hugh\|authorlink=Hugh Trevor-Roper\|title=The Last Days of Hitler\|url=https://archive.org/details/lastdaysofhitler0000trev_k6q1\|publisher=University of Chicago Press\|edition=paperback\|year=1992\|origyear=1947\|isbn=978-0-226-81224-3}} {{refend}} == Pranala luar == {{Commons category\|Führerbunker}} * {{cite news \| title=Hitler Slept Here: The too-secret history of the Third Reich's most famous place \|last=Shuger \| first=Scott \| last2=Berger \| first2=Donald \| work=[[Slate (majalah)\|Slate Magazine]] \| date=21 June 2006 \| url=http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/slates_10th_anniversary/2006/06/hitler_slept_here.html \|access-date=2015-07-03\|archive-date=2018-10-07\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007095124/http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/slates_10th_anniversary/2006/06/hitler_slept_here.html\|dead-url=no}} * [http://www.the-downfall.com/fuehrerbunker.php3 The Führerbunker: Info and Plans] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516234810/http://www.the-downfall.com/fuehrerbunker.php3 \|date=2007-05-16 }}. MalGo Media Services * [http://www.the-downfall.com/who-is-who.php3 The Bunker Personnel: The Who-Is-Who of the Bunker] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221085209/http://the-downfall.com/who-is-who.php3 \|date=2015-02-21 }}. MalGo Media Services * [http://www.bunkermuzeum.hu/index_en.html Bunkermuzeum – English version] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028061056/http://www.bunkermuzeum.hu/index_en.html \|date=2018-10-28 }}: Guide to military museums of Europe * [http://www.reichskanzlei-3d.de/g-rk-ws77-innen-VB-Haupteingang-e.html 3D-stereoscopic images of Chancellery] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180308091941/http://www.reichskanzlei-3d.de/g-rk-ws77-innen-VB-Haupteingang-e.html \|date=2018-03-08 }} {{Adolf Hitler}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fuehrerbunker}} [[Kategori:~~Markas~~Führerbunker\| ~~Besar Führer~~]] [[Kategori:Berlin pada abad ke-20]] [[Kategori:Pertempuran Berlin]] [[Kategori:Situs Perang Dunia II di Jerman]] ~~[[Kategori:Bunker di Jerman]]~~ [[Kategori:Tempat berlindung dari serangan udara]]