Führerbunker: Perbedaan antara revisi

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(13 revisi perantara oleh 3 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
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{{Infobox building
| name = ''Führerbunker''
| native_name = Bunker Führer
| native_name_lang = Jerman
| former_names = =
| alternate_names = =
| image = Bundesarchiv Bild 183-V04744, Berlin, Garten der zerstörte Reichskanzlei.jpg
| image_alt = =
| caption =
| map_type = =
| map_alt = =
| map_caption = =
| altitude = =
| building_type = =
| architectural_style =
| structural_system = =
| cost = 1.35 juta [[Reichsmark]]
| ren_cost = =
| client = =
| owner = [[Jerman Nazi]]
| current_tenants = =
| landlord = =
| location = =
| address = =
| location_town = [[Berlin]]
| location_country = [[Jerman Nazi]]
| iso_region = =
| coordinates_display =
| latitude = =
| longitude = =
| latd = =
| latm = =
| lats = =
| latNS = =
| longd = =
| longm = =
| longs = =
| longEW = =
| coordinates = {{Coord|52.5125|N|13.3815|E|region:DE-BE_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| start_date = 1943
| completion_date = 23 Oktober 1944
| inauguration_date = =
| renovation_date = =
| destruction_date = 5 Desember 1947
| height = =
| diameter = =
| other_dimensions = =
| floor_count = =
| floor_area = =
| seating_type = =
| seating_capacity = =
| main_contractor = =
| architect = [[Albert Speer]], Karl Piepenburg
| architecture_firm = [[Hochtief|Hochtief AG]]
| structural_engineer =
| services_engineer = =
| civil_engineer = =
| other_designers = =
| quantity_surveyor = =
| awards = =
| ren_architect = =
| ren_firm = =
| ren_str_engineer = =
| ren_serv_engineer = =
| ren_civ_engineer = =
| ren_oth_designers = =
| ren_qty_surveyor = =
| ren_awards = =
| url = =
| references = =
}}
[[Berkas:Karte-reichskanzlei.jpg|jmpl|275px|Model 3D Kanseleri Reich Baru dengan lokasi kompleks bunker tersebut]]
Baris 102:
== Sumber ==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite web | last=Arnold | first=Dietmar | date=9 January 2012<!--See html source--> | origyear=8 June 2010 | title=Berliner Unterwelten e.V.: The Legend of Hitler’s Bunker | publisher=Berliner-unterwelten.de | url=http://berliner-unterwelten.de/fuehrer-bunker.328.1.html | accessdate=11 June 2011 | ref=harv | archive-date=2011-05-18 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518232529/http://berliner-unterwelten.de/fuehrer-bunker.328.1.html | dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite book|last=Beevor|first=Antony|authorlink=Antony Beevor|year=2002|title=Berlin: The Downfall 1945|url=https://archive.org/details/berlindownfall190000beev_e9y1|publisher=Viking–Penguin Books|location=London|isbn=978-0-670-03041-5|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Bullock|first=Alan|authorlink=Alan Bullock|year=1999|title=Hitler: A Study in Tyranny|origyear=1952|publisher=Konecky & Konecky|location=New York|isbn=978-1-56852-036-0|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Dollinger|first=Hans|year=1997|title=Decline and the Fall of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan|url=https://archive.org/details/declinefallofnaz0000doll_q1u0|publisher=Chancellor|location=London|isbn=978-0-7537-0009-9|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Hamilton|first=Stephan|year=2008|title=Bloody Streets: The Soviet Assault on Berlin, April 1945|publisher=Helion & Co|location=Solihull|isbn=978-1-906033-12-5|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Joachimsthaler|first=Anton|year=1999|origyear=1995|title=The Last Days of Hitler: The Legends&nbsp;– The Evidence&nbsp;– The Truth|url=https://archive.org/details/lastdaysofhitler0000joac_o3a8|publisher=Brockhampton Press|location=London|isbn=978-1-86019-902-8|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last = Kellerhoff|first= Sven|year = 2004|title = The Führer Bunker|publisher = Berlin Story Verlag|location = Berlin|isbn = 978-3-929829-23-5|ref = harv }}
* {{cite book|last=Kershaw|first=Ian|authorlink=Ian Kershaw|year=2008|title=Hitler: A Biography|url=https://archive.org/details/hitlerbiography0000kers|publisher=W.W. Norton & Co|location=New York|isbn=978-0-393-06757-6|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Lehrer|first=Steven|authorlink=Steven Lehrer|year=2006|title=[[The Reich Chancellery and Führerbunker Complex]]. An Illustrated History of the Seat of the Nazi Regime|publisher=McFarland|location=Jefferson, NC|isbn=978-0-7864-2393-4|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Linge|first=Heinz|authorlink=Heinz Linge|year=2009|title=With Hitler to the End|url=https://archive.org/details/withhitlertoendm00ling|publisher=Frontline Books–Skyhorse Publishing|location=London; New York|isbn=978-1-60239-804-7|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Mabire|first=Jean|year=1975|title=Mourir à Berlin|language=French|publisher=Fayard|location=Paris|isbn=978-2-213-00178-4|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last = McNab|first = Chris|title = Hitler's Masterplan: The Essential Facts and Figures for Hitler's Third Reich|url = https://archive.org/details/hitlersmasterpla00unse|publisher = Amber Books Ltd|year = 2011|isbn = 978-1907446962|ref=harv }}
* {{cite book|last = McNab|first = Chris|title = Hitler's Fortresses: German Fortifications and Defences 1939–45|url = https://archive.org/details/hitlersfortresse0000mcna|publisher = Osprey Publishing|location = Oxford; New York|year = 2014|isbn = 978-1-78200-828-6|ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal | last=Mollo | first=Andrew | year=1988 | editor-last=Ramsey | editor-first=Winston | title=The Berlin Führerbunker: The Thirteenth Hole | journal=After the Battle | issue=61 | publisher=Battle of Britain International | location=London | ref=harv}}
* {{cite web | author=MI5 staff | year=2005 | title=Hitler's last days | work=mi5.gov.uk | publisher=[[MI5]] | url=https://www.mi5.gov.uk/home/about-us/who-we-are/mi5-history/world-war-ii/hitlers-last-days.html | accessdate=12 June 2011 | ref=harv | archive-date=2015-07-04 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704070117/https://www.mi5.gov.uk/home/about-us/who-we-are/mi5-history/world-war-ii/hitlers-last-days.html | dead-url=no }}
* {{cite book|last=Shirer|first=William L.|authorlink=William L. Shirer|year=1960|title=[[The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich]]|publisher=Simon & Schuster|location=New York|isbn=978-0-671-62420-0|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Speer|first=Albert|authorlink=Albert Speer|origyear=1969|year=1971|title=[[Inside the Third Reich]]|publisher=Avon|location=New York|isbn=978-0-380-00071-5|ref=harv}}
* {{cite web | author = Staff | title = Debunking Hitler: Marking the Site of the Führer's Bunker | work = [[Spiegel Online]] | publisher = Spiegel-Verlag | date = 9 June 2006 | url = http://www.spiegel.de/international/debunking-hitler-marking-the-site-of-the-fuehrer-s-bunker-a-420483.html | accessdate = 7 April 2014 | ref = {{sfnRef|''Der Spiegel''|2006}} | archive-date = 2023-04-09 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230409221718/https://www.spiegel.de/international/debunking-hitler-marking-the-site-of-the-fuehrer-s-bunker-a-420483.html | dead-url = no }}
* {{cite book|last = Taylor|first = Blaine|title = Hitler's Headquarters: From Beer Hall to Bunker, 1920–1945|url = https://archive.org/details/hitlersheadquart0000tayl|year = 2007|publisher = Potomac|location = Dulles, Virginia|isbn = 978-1-57488-928-4|ref = harv}}
* {{cite book|last = Williams|first = Andrew|year = 2005|title = D-Day to Berlin|publisher = [[Hodder & Stoughton|Hodder]]|isbn=978-0-340-83397-1|ref = harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Ziemke|first=Earl F.|year=1969|title=Battle For Berlin: End Of The Third Reich|publisher=MacDonald|location=London|oclc=253711605|ref=harv}}
Baris 126:
 
== Bacaan tambahan ==
* {{cite book|last=Boldt|first=Gerhard|year=1973|title=Hitler: The Last Ten Days|url=https://archive.org/details/hitlerlasttenday0000unse|publisher=Coward, McCann & Geoghegan|location = New York|isbn = 978-0-698-10531-7 }}
* {{cite book|author = C.I.U. General Staff, Geographical Section|editor1-last = Ramsey|editor1-first = Winston G.|title = Berlin: Allied Intelligence Map of Key Buildings|publisher = After the Battle – Battle of Britain International|date = 1990|isbn = 978-1-870067-33-1}}
* {{cite book|last=Fest|first=Joachim|authorlink=Joachim Fest|year=2005|title=Inside Hitler's Bunker: The Last Days of the Third Reich|url=https://archive.org/details/insidehitlersbun0000fest_r1z8|publisher=Picador|location = New York|isbn=978-0-374-13577-5 }}
* {{cite book|last=Junge|first=Traudl|authorlink=Traudl Junge|editor1-last=Müller|editor1-first=Melissa|title=Until the Final Hour: Hitler's Last Secretary|url=https://archive.org/details/untilfinalhourhi0000jung_b7l1|publisher=Arcade Publishing|location = New York|year= 2004|isbn= 978-1-55970-728-2}}
* {{cite book|last=Neubauer|first=Christoph|year=2010|title=Stadtführer durch Hitlers Berlin|language=Deutsch, English|publisher=Flashback Medienverlag|location = [[Frankfurt (Oder)|Frankfurt]] on the Oder|url=http://www.flashback-medien.de/3d-projekte-stadtfuehrer-durch-hitlers-berlin-e.html|isbn=978-3-9813977-0-3 |access-date=2015-07-03|archive-date=2011-03-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320022218/http://flashback-medien.de/3d-projekte-stadtfuehrer-durch-hitlers-berlin-e.html|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite book|last = O'Donnell|first = James P.|authorlink = James P. O'Donnell|title = [[The Bunker (book)|The Bunker]]|publisher = Da Capo Press|location = New York|year = 2001|origyear = 1978|isbn = 978-0-306-80958-3 }}
* {{cite book|last=Petrova|first=Ada|last2=Watson|first2=Peter|title=The Death of Hitler: The Full Story with New Evidence from Secret Russian Archives|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780393039146|year = 1995|publisher = Norton|location = New York|isbn = 978-0-393-03914-6}}
* {{cite book|last=Ryan|first=Cornelius|authorlink=Cornelius Ryan|year=1966|title=The Last Battle|url=https://archive.org/details/lastbattle0000corn_h2b5|publisher=Simon and Schuster|location=New York }}
* {{cite book|last=Tissier|first=Tony Le|year=1999|title=Race for the Reichstag: the 1945 Battle for Berlin|edition=illustrated, reprint|publisher=Routledge|location=London; Portland, OR|isbn=978-0-7146-4929-0 }}
* {{cite book|last=Trevor-Roper|first=Hugh|authorlink=Hugh Trevor-Roper|title=The Last Days of Hitler|url=https://archive.org/details/lastdaysofhitler0000trev_k6q1|publisher=University of Chicago Press|edition=paperback|year=1992|origyear=1947|isbn=978-0-226-81224-3}}
Baris 140:
== Pranala luar ==
{{Commons category|Führerbunker}}
* {{cite news|title=Hitler Slept Here: The too-secret history of the Third Reich's most famous place|last=Shuger|first=Scott|last2=Berger|first2=Donald|work=[[Slate (majalah)|Slate Magazine]]|date=21 June 2006|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/slates_10th_anniversary/2006/06/hitler_slept_here.html |access-date=2015-07-03|archive-date=2018-10-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007095124/http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/slates_10th_anniversary/2006/06/hitler_slept_here.html|dead-url=no}}
* [http://www.the-downfall.com/fuehrerbunker.php3 The Führerbunker: Info and Plans] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516234810/http://www.the-downfall.com/fuehrerbunker.php3 |date=2007-05-16 }}. MalGo Media Services
* [http://www.the-downfall.com/who-is-who.php3 The Bunker Personnel: The Who-Is-Who of the Bunker] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221085209/http://the-downfall.com/who-is-who.php3 |date=2015-02-21 }}. MalGo Media Services
* [http://www.bunkermuzeum.hu/index_en.html Bunkermuzeum&nbsp;– English version] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028061056/http://www.bunkermuzeum.hu/index_en.html |date=2018-10-28 }}: Guide to military museums of Europe
* [http://www.reichskanzlei-3d.de/g-rk-ws77-innen-VB-Haupteingang-e.html 3D-stereoscopic images of Chancellery] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180308091941/http://www.reichskanzlei-3d.de/g-rk-ws77-innen-VB-Haupteingang-e.html |date=2018-03-08 }}
 
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Fuehrerbunker}}
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